Strategy for the mapping of interactive genes using bulked segregant analysis method and Mapmaker/Exp software

A qualitative trait is usually controlled by a single gene, but it may be sometimes controlled by two or even more genes. This phenomenon is called gene interaction. Rapidly searching for linked mo- lecular markers via bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and then constructing regional linkage map with Mapmaker/Exp has become a common approach to mapping single major genes. However, methods and computer programs developed for mapping single major genes cannot be simply applied to interactive genes because the genetic patterns of gene interac- tions are quite different from that of single-gene in- heritance. Up to now, experimental methods for quickly screening molecular markers linked to inter- active genes and statistical methods and corre- sponding computer softwares for simultaneously analyzing the linkage relationships of multiple mo- lecular markers to an interactive gene have not been available. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose a strategy for mapping interactive genes using BSA and Mapmaker/Exp. We demonstrate that all interactive genes can be mapped by the 'BSA Mapmaker/Exp' strategy using F2 generation (in a few cases, F3 generation is also needed). As BSA and Mapmaker/Exp have been broadly used in gene mapping studies and are well known by many re- searchers, the strategies proposed in this paper will be useful for practical researches.     

集成化CAD—ZWG鼓形齿联轴器三维电子图库的开发

该文的研究课题是对机械行业标准件建库的一次大胆尝试 ,通过选择有代表性、适用性强的鼓形齿联轴器进行三维电子图库的开发性创建 ,为今后其他标准件三维电子图库的创建摸索出了一条比较成功的道路。     

琉球“沟-弧-盆系”构造地貌: 地质地球物理探测与制图

利用多波束全覆盖水深测量数据和地震、浅地层调查、地质地球物理调查资料及现有研究成果, 对琉球“沟-弧-盆系”构造地貌特征进行了系统的分析研究, 编绘了琉球“沟-弧-盆系”构造地貌图. 指出琉球“沟-弧-盆系”地貌的发育和分布格局主要受构造运动的控制. 琉球岛弧与东海陆架和陆坡构造地貌特征具有明显区别, 前者地质构造上由吐噶喇火山脊、琉球褶皱脊和弧前增生楔及夹于其间的奄美拗陷和弧前拗陷组成, 地貌上表现为岛坡海岭与岛坡断陷盆地相间分布的格局; 东海陆坡是一个新生的被动型陆缘, 地貌上表现为断阶型陡坡, 地形变化连续. 冲绳海槽构造上是一个弧后张裂带, 带内构造活动强烈, 火山活动和热液活动活跃, 已经并正在发生海底扩张. 海槽地貌的发育主要受雁行式排列的海槽扩张轴和东海陆坡断裂带、吐噶喇西缘断裂带的控制. 海槽中央为沿扩张轴发育的中央裂谷盆地和中央火山链, 西~西北侧为自东海陆坡坡麓向海槽中央倾斜的浊流堆积平原, 东~东南侧为自琉球岛弧西坡坡麓向海槽中央倾斜的火山碎屑堆积平原. 冲绳海槽在构造地貌上构成东海陆架和琉球岛弧的天然分隔.     

地下水水位等值线数值的计算方法及其机助制图

等水位线生成技术是地下水资源评价中的一个重要研究领域，本文利用坐标投影变换、网格插值、等值线追踪、平滑、标注等方法与技术，采用VC 6．0开发了地下水等水位线显示系统，利用直接测量的数据点生成等水位线，解决了目前需要先将直接测量的数据点(井位坐标)进行投影变换处理，系统一体化程度不高的问题；同时系统可提供方便的数据接口，解决了目前普遍存在的数据接口问题，拓宽了GIS(Geographic Information system)技术在地下水资源研究中的应用。     

Comparative physical mapping of rice BAC clones linked to resistance genes Glh,Bph-3 and xa-5 in Oryza sativa L. and O. granulata Nees et Arn. ex Watt.

Oryza granulata Nees et Arn. ex Watt. is one of the three wild relatives of rice,which are the most valuable for study and utilization in China.In this study,the homology and physical locations of three rice resistance genes,Glh,Bph-3 and xa-5 are comparatively analyzed between O.sativa and O. granulata by Southern blotting and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).The results of Southern blotting indicate that there exist homologous sequences of the tested RFLP markers in O. granulata.By using three bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones scanned by the tested RFLP as probes, FISH signals are detected on both mitotic and pachytene chromosomes in O.sativa and O.granulata.Dual-color FISH demonstrates that two of the three BAC clones (14E16 and 38J9) are located on the short arm of the same chromosome pair in O. granulata. Additionally, colinearity is shown for the two clones between O.sativa and O.granulata. Another BAC clone 44B4 is located on the end of the short arm of other chromosome pair in these two species.Although the phylogenetic relationship between O.sativa and O.granulata is the most distinct in Oryza and these two species have evidently different biological features and ecological habits, the relative lengths and arm ratios of the detected chromosomes and the relative positions of the tested clone signals on chromosomes in O. granulata are quite similar to those in O. sativa.     

整合多功能景观和生态系统服务的景观服务制图研究框架

生态系统和景观是地球表层系统的基本功能单元,其变化影响着景观和生态系统服务的供给.从当前国内外研究进展上看,结合多功能景观和生态系统服务的景观服务定量化研究还比较薄弱.本文从结合多功能景观和生态系统服务以及景观服务研究的角度出发,以景观服务制图作为切入点,通过对景观服务和生态系统服务以及多功能景观的综述,提出了一种景观服务制图的研究框架,旨在为区域景观服务评价以及可持续性科学研究提供参考和借鉴.     

机类学生工程制图实现“甩图板”的改革与实践

随着计算机软硬件的发展和普及,计算机绘图已被广泛应用到各个工程领域,如机械、电子、汽车等各行各业,国内基本所有的大、中型企业已经完全甩掉了图板,实现了无纸化设计与绘图。该文论述了机类学生工程制图＂甩图板＂的重要性及迫切性,结合我校工程制图教学探讨了新的＂甩图板＂教学模式的研究,并通过实践证明其可行性。     

高职制图教学工作坊

通过分析新形势下,高职学生的学习特点和学习机械制图课程过程中的困难,本文对高职制图教学如何能完成培养目标,提高学生的学习能力和学习兴趣,改革教学方法和考试方法所做的教学方面的探讨,提出作者的改革思想。     

GIS技术背景下的地图制图研究

该文基于作者多年从事地图制图的工作经验,以GIS空间数据与地图制图的融合技术为研究对象,首先分析了GIS空间数据的第四个特征,进而探讨了空间数据与地图表达之间的矛盾,在此基础上,作者分析了空间数据的地图表达过程,最后,探讨了空间数据与地图制图融合生产系统的应用思路,全文是作者长期工作基础上的理论升华,相信对从事相关工作的同行有所裨益。     

GIS背景下的地图制图特征研究

本文基于笔者多年从事地图制图的相关工作经验，以GIS在地图制图中的应用为研究对象，论文分析了GIS下电子地图的当代特征，探讨了当代数字地图的作用与应用特点，全文是笔者长期从事地图制图工作的理论升华，相信对从事相关工作的同行有着重要的参考价值和借鉴意义。