基于跳跃时间和幅度的BDI指数波动幂律分布特性研究

BDI指数是国际航运市场的风向标,摸清BDI指数波动幂律分布特性,对于进一步掌握运费规律、预测BDI趋势、协助航运决策等方面具有重要意义.基于此,本文对已运行30年BDI指数的波动幂律分布特性进行了详细研究,主要特色有:一是借助Pareto、Exponential以及Fokker-Planck函数首次深入探讨了BDI指数波动幂律分布特性.二是在跳跃识别的基础上,构建了基于跳跃时间和跳跃幅度两标度的BDI指数波动幂律分布特性分析模型,并转化成最小二乘法的线性回归测算模型.三是对BDI指数日、周和月增长率的跳跃时间和跳跃幅度幂律分布特性进行了实证分析.结果表明:BDI指数具有尖峰薄尾的增长率分布和波动聚集性;Fokker-Planck函数拟合BDI指数增长率跳跃时间更合适;Exponential函数拟合BDI指数增长率跳跃幅度更合适;BDI指数增长率跳跃时间和跳跃幅度都具有薄尾幂律特性,且向上、向下幂律呈现对称性.     

SMFSIA/CAG快速计算二维分形粗糙面的电磁散射特性

应用稀疏矩阵平面迭代/规范网格法(sparse-matrix flat-surface iterative approach and canonical grid method,SMFSIA/CAG)快速计算了二维分形粗糙面的电磁散射特性。在SMFSIA/CAG中,基于迭代法的原理,通过加快迭代收敛速度和加速矩阵向量积两个方面对该算法进行了改进,推导了关于平面展开的高阶泰勒级数展开公式,并对近场相关距离和泰勒级数展开阶数对算法效率的影响进行了分析。SMFSIA/CAG的应用降低了计算量,实现了对二维分形粗糙面电磁散射特性快速、准确地仿真计算。     

Knowledge-based bridge detection from SAR images

Automatic bridge detection is an important application of SAR images. Differed from the classical CFAR method, a new knowledge-based bridge detection approach is proposed. The method not only uses the backscattering intensity difference between targets and background but also applies the contextual information and spatial relationship between objects. According to bridges’ special characteristics and scattering properties in SAR images, the new knowledge-based method includes three processes: river segmentation, potential bridge areas detection and bridge discrimination. The application to AIRSAR data shows that the new method is not sensitive to rivers’ shape. Moreover, this method can detect bridges successfully when river segmentation is not very exact and is more robust than the radius projection method.     

一种新的跳频宽带瑞利衰落信道模型

针对跳频宽带瑞利衰落信道,提出了一种新的基于莱斯正弦和的仿真模型。该仿真模型能在保持其它参数不变的条件下,通过仿真模型相位的跳变来模拟物理信道频率的跳变。由于该仿真模型中的所有参数都存在着闭合的表达式,所以能对仿真模型的相关特性进行研究。理论分析和仿真表明,该仿真模型在低计算复杂度的条件下与参考模型在相关特性方面存在着极好的吻合。     

Parametric estimation of ultra wideband radar targets

Based on the analysis of impulse response properties, a scattering model of ultra wideband (UWB) radar targets is developed to estimate the target parameters exactly. With this model, two algorithms of multiple signal classification (MUSIC), and matrix pencil (MP), are introduced to calculate the scattering center parame-ters of targets and their performances are compared. The simulation experiments show that there are no differ-ences in the estimation precision of MUSIC and MP methods when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is larger than 13 dB. However, the MP method has a better performance than that of MUSIC method when the SNR is smaller than 13 dB. Besides, the time consuming of MP method is leas than that of MUSIC method. Therefore, the MP algorithm is preferred for the parametric estimation of UWB radar targets.     

有限元耦合模型在航空电源瞬态特性中的研究

针对航空交流电源中旋转电枢式无刷交流同步发电机组的内部电磁场运行原理、瞬态运行特征及故障工况研究,传统解析法受前提条件限制不能进一步提高分析能力,而有限元法是分析电机的常用数值计算方法.多数文献只选择旋转磁极式主发电机进行了电磁分析.这里在忽略端部漏抗的前提下,提出用二维有限元法建立直流电流源激励的旋转电枢式交流励磁机瞬态电磁场耦合模型,推导了迭代方程组的教学表达式,利用离散化法解算得到交流励磁机的瞬态磁路和电路特性,通过对某型航空交流电源的交流励磁机的实例建模分析,验证了方法的正确性,对于研究交流电源中旋转电枢式结构的交流励磁机的瞬态电磁特性起到了重要的参考价值.     

微粒子复合体介电特性的理论研究

微粒子复合体是一种极具潜力的功能材料,研究它与电磁波的相互作用,有着重要的理论和实际意义.从材料的构成看,微粒子复合体属于异质性材料.因此,一般采用有效媒质法研究它的物理参量.为此,我们利用平均场理论,建立微粒子复合体介电特性的有效媒质理论模型,并利用这一模型结合具体的复合体系统讨论微粒形状和表面异质层等因素对渗流转变的影响.     

液压自由活塞发动机AMESim/MATLAB仿真

介绍单活塞式液压自由活塞发动机的工作原理,分析了该类发动机的特点.利用AMESim/MATLAB联合仿真技术建立单活塞式液压自由活塞发动机模型,进行了工作过程的动态特性仿真,分析了一个周期内气缸压力、液压腔压力和单向阀与频率控制阀流量变化特性,研究了活塞动力学特性并进行了试验研究.根据对仿真与试验结果的分析,论述了该发动机有工作频率可控和运动速度不对称的特点,频率控制阀要求频响高流量大.这为所研制的液压自由活塞发动机原理样机的设计提供了理论指导.     

Multi-dimensional scattering properties diagnosis system of scale aircraft model in an anechoic chamber

Aiming at the concept of ＂diagnosis＂, a simple and effective broadband radar cross section （RCS） measurement system is constructed, and some multi-dimensional scattering properties diagnosis techniques are presented based on the system. Firstly, a stepped-frequency signal is employed to achieve high range resolution, combining with a variety of signal processing tech- niques. Secondly, cross-range resolution is gained with a rotating table, and the high-resolution two-dimensional （2-D） imaging of the scale model is obtained by the microwave imaging theory. Finally, two receiving antennas with a small distance in altitude are used, and the three-dimensional （3-D） height distribution of scattering points on the scale model is extracted from the phase of images. Some typical bodies and a scale aircraft model are diagnosed in an anechoic chamber. The experimental results show that, after scaling with a metal sphere, the accurate one- dimensional （l-D） RCS pattern of the model is obtained, and it has a large dynamic range. When the bandwidth of the transmitting signal is 4 GHz, the resolution of the 2-D image can reach to 0.037 5 m. The 3-D height distribution of scattering points is given by interferometric measurement. This paper provides a feasible way to obtain high-precision scattering properties parameters of the scale aircraft model in a conventional rectangular anechoic chamber.     

基于信息共享角度的团购策略研究

随着社交网络的崛起,信息共享成为消费者行为的一个重要特征. 本文基于信息共享角度,在考虑消费者特基础上对商家的团购策略进行设计. 研究表明,随着信息共享难度或低信息消费者比例的增大,团购折扣价格家利润逐渐减小,但混合团购个人购买价格却先增后减; 同时,反从众、不从众和从众消费者的比例以及从性导致的保留价值差直接影响最优的团购策略; 而较高比例的等待敏感型消费者也会导致团购折扣价格的减小. 另外,只有当高低信息消费者之间的信息差较大且信息共享难度不大时,团购策略才优于传统边际策略.