Epitypification： should we epitypify？

Epitypification can solve many taxonomic problems and stabilize the understanding of species, genera, families or orders. The aim of this paper is to illustrate how to epitypify. A few examples where taxa have been epitypified are considered and the benefits and disadvantages of epitypification are discussed. We also outline some examples of taxa which need to be epitypifled with reasons.     

用分子计算

计算机的速度能够达到多快?功能可以有多强大?可不可能有这么一天，人们创造出的人工“大脑”的智力与人类大脑相当——甚至优于人类?这些问题的答案在很大程度上以一个因素为基础，而这个因素就是：我们能够制得多小尺寸的计算机电路，以及能达到多大的集成密度。     

The Sino-U.K. Seminar on Genome Analysis and Bio-molecular Sciences Held in Beijing

Co-sponsored by NSFC and the British Council, the Sino-UK Seminar on Genome Analysis and Bio-molecular Sciences was held in Beijing from Mar. 14 to 15. Prof. Zhu Zuoyan, Vice President of NSFC, attended the seminar and extended his warm congratulations on behalfofNSFC. In his speech, he also expressed his hope that young scientists from both China and the UK should build up friendship and cooperation through dialogue and mutual understanding so as to work for a brighter future.     

胰岛素抵抗的分子机制

胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance，IR)是指胰岛素的外周靶组织(主要为骨骼肌、肝脏和脂肪组织)对内源性或外源性胰岛素的敏感性和反应性降低，导致生理剂量的胰岛素产生低于正常的生理效应。由于长期胰岛素抵抗和高胰岛素血症所引发的一系列密切相关的临床异常如糖耐量低减(impaired duoose tolerance，IGT)或2型糖尿病、高血压、脂代谢紊乱、微量蛋白尿、多囊卵巢综合征、高凝血症等统称为胰岛素抵抗综合征，又被称为代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome)。     

基于LM-BP神经网络模式的酸性染料分类方法

提出用Levenberg-Marquardt Backpropagation Neural Network(LM-BP)网络对酸性偶氮染料进行分类，网络结构为4-6-5。优化了隐含层神经元数和网络训练次数，表明隐含层神经元数应比输出层神经元数多一个。考察了训练集样本的选择对结果的影响，测试集的样本参数大小要处于训练集样本之间。本网络把其中22种染料作为训练集，把另外18种染料作为测试集，与采用GCEDM逐次分类法比较，测试集识别率为83％。     

AIP系统吸收器传质系数实验关联模型研究

通过对不依赖空气动力装置（AIP）排出CO2气体旋转床水吸收体积传质系数（Kla）的理论分析及实验研究，得到了波纹碟片填料旋转床吸收器Kla的半径验关联模型，该模型计算值与实验值相对误差小于20％，可用于实际AIP系统旋转床CO2吸收器的设计计算。实验结果表明，Kla值与旋转床的转速和气、液流量等操作条件有关，当转速从0r/min升高到1000r/min时，Kla值从0.02s^-1增大到0.30s^-1以上。     

Landfill leachate treatment by MBR： Performance and molecular weight distribution of organic contaminant

A membrane bioreactor (MBR) with an air-lift bioreactor and gravity flow is applied to treating landfill leachate. More than 99% of BOD5 (biochemical oxygen demand for five days) removal effi-ciency is achieved with less than 35 mg/L of BOD_5 in the effluent at less than 1.71 kg BOD5/m~3·d of BOD_5 loading rate. When DO (dissolved oxygen) is maintained at the range of 2.3―2.8 mg/L and the loading rate of NH_4~ -N (ammonium nitrogen) is kept at 0.16― 0.24 kg NH_4~ -N/m~3·d, the NH_4~ -N in the effluent is less than 15 mg/L. However, compared with high removal rates of BOD_5 and NH_4~ -N, the removal effi-ciency of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) varies between 70% and 96%. The investigation of molecular weight (MW) distribution has been carried out by the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) so as to understand the fate of organic matters in the MBR treating of landfill leachate. Results indicate that organic matters of the landfill leachate are composed of a high MW fraction (MW of the peak, MWp = 11480―13182 Da) and a low MW fraction (MWp = 158―275 Da). The high MW fraction is not biode-gradable, but can be decreased with microfiltration membrane. The most of the low MW fraction is bio-degradable, but the residue of the low MW fraction is able to permeate through the membrane, thus re-sulting in high SCOD in the effluent of the MBR.     

Г空间中量子态密度的计算

我们用两种方法计算了设计的积分,得出Γ空间中的相体积和量子态密度,并给予讨论。