常微分方程学习指导(一)

本对《常微分方程》^[1]的第一、二章进行了归纳总结，剖析了重、难点，并通过典型例题介绍解题思路、方法和技巧，以帮助学生进一步理解基本概念，掌握基本方法，提高学生的解题能力。     

板坯结晶器钢水凝固的数值模拟

以实测结晶器铜板温度计算的热流量作边界条件,采用有限元方法,建立了结晶器内凝固传热方程.对凝固传热方程进行了离散化,利用ANSYS商业软件进行求解,得到凝固坯壳的应力、应变情况,从而确定连铸结晶器壁的合理锥度.     

PDE-Based Medial Axis Extraction and Shape Manipulation of Arbitrary Meshes

Shape skeletonization （i.e., medial axis extraction） is powerful in many visual computing applications, such as pattern recognition, object segmentation, registration, and animation. In this paper, the authors expand the use of diffusion equations combined with distance field information to approximate medial axes of arbitrary 3D differential properties. It offers an alternative solids represented by polygonal meshes based on their but natural way for medial axis extraction for commonly used 3D polygonal models. By solving the PDE along time axis, this system can not only quickly extract diffusion-based medial axes of input meshes, but also allow users to visualize the extraction process at each time step. In addition, the proposed model provides users a set of manipulation toolkits to sculpt extracted medial axes, then use diffusion-based techniques to recover corresponding deformed shapes according to the original input datasets. This skeleton-based shape manipulation offers a fast and easy way for animation and deformation of complicated mesh objects.     

市场的稳定性取决于人心

传统的市场经济的金科玉律——供求关系影响价格,价格围绕价值上下波动,使许多人误认为市场的稳定性也是由供求关系或价格决定。但是利用蛛网模型可得出结论:市场的稳定性取决于人心,即人们对商品的敏感程度。     

广义IMBq方程的各向异性有限元方法

研究了广义IMBq方程的各向异性有限元方法,在不需要传统的Ritz投影的情况下,得到了半离散格式下的误差估计.     

姜常见病虫害防治

一、姜螟 1.症状.幼虫孵化2～3天后,从叶鞘与茎缝隙或心叶侵入,咬食嫩茎和叶片,使茎空心,叶片呈薄膜状,在伤处留有粪屑.姜苗受害后,茎叶枯黄凋萎,茎易折断倒伏,为害严重时,整株枯死.     

玉米苞叶编织成『金』

因为玉米苞叶有种特殊的韧性,不易被堆制成肥.所以,每年秋收的时候,在农村的很多地方都会看到被弃之不用的玉米苞叶堆积在房前屋后,造成大量的污染和浪费.在山东省青岛市祝沟镇祝西村也能看到堆积成山的玉米苞叶,不过,这些玉米苞叶非但不是丢弃不用的,还是当地人千方百计从各地花钱买来的.那么,他们收这些被大多数人弃之不用的玉米苞叶做什么用呢?     

一个有界弹性项Duffing方程周期解的存在性

证明了有界弹性项Duffing方程x″ arccotx=p(t)的周期解的存在性,其中周期为2π的连续函数p(t)满足0     

PEAK COVARIANCE STABILITY OF A RANDOM RICCATI EQUATION ARISING FROM KALMAN FILTERING WITH OBSERVATION LOSSES

We consider the stability of a random Riccati equation with a Markovian binary jump coefficient. More specifically, we are concerned with the boundedness of the solution of a random Riccati difference equation arising from Kalman filtering with measurement losses. A sufficient condition for the peak covariance stability is obtained which has a simpler form and is shown to be less conservative in some cases than a very recent result in existing literature. Furthermore, we show that a known sufficient condition is also necessary when the observability index equals one.     

一种改进的相对轨道动力学模型

线性化的Clohessey-Whiltshire(C-W)方程描述相对运动虽然方便,但是精度不高,为了解决这一问题,提出了一种C-W方程的改进形式。首先基于C-W方程的推导,分析了在对中心引力取近似的过程中导致原方程不准确的数学原因和物理现象;然后通过对简化部分的数量级进行分析和比较,将原推导过程中忽略掉的部分重要内容重新予以考虑,并运用数学变换将新加入的内容合并转化,最终给出了一组非齐次线性常系数微分方程,在不增加计算复杂度的情况下提高了精度。仿真验证表明该方程在圆轨道下相对于C-W方程精度改善很多,小椭圆轨道下也消除了C-W方程的长期误差。