低高宽比矩形微通道中流动沸腾的压降特性

以甲醇为工质,在不同进口温度、质量流率、热流密度和倾角下,对低高宽比矩形微通道中流动沸腾压降特性进行了研究,并分别采用均相模型和分相模型对通道压降进行了计算。通过对比实验结果与计算结果发现,均相模型中两相平均粘度的计算应当采用Dukler公式,用其他计算式时误差较大;利用LockhartMartinelli关系式进行的分相模型计算发现,现有C值计算公式,如Chisholm,Lee and Lee,Mishima及Qu and Mudawar等,都不能用于预测该实验中低高宽比微通道的两相压降。实验发现当通     

PF6/缓冲液两相体系中固定化 β-葡萄糖醛酸苷酶催化特性研究

利用1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([BMIM]PF6)/缓冲液两相体系为介质,固定化β-葡萄糖醛酸苷酶催化甘草酸(GL)合成单葡萄糖醛酸甘草次酸(GAMG),以期改善酶催化效能.实验表明,当反应条件固定化酶为0.25g,两相体系中[BMIM]PF6的体积分数为35%,pH为5.0,反应温度为40℃时,酶活力最高达1 000U,远大于纯缓冲液单相体系中的最高酶活力450U.离子液体重复利用实验表明,[BMIM]PF6回收率高于85%,在含有重复回收的[BMIM]PF6介质中,固定化酶相对活力大于93%.     

软弱夹层力学参数取值规范分析

软弱夹层的工程地质性质既与地应力、地下水等环境条件有关,也与其成因性质、粒度成分和矿物成分等有关。试验研究了成因性质、颗粒组成及物质组成相同条件下,软弱夹层抗剪强度参数随含水量、性状指标(W/Wp)和干密度变化的关系,并建立了相关方程。结果表明：夹层强度随含水量和性状指标减小而增大,随干密度增大而增大。因此,在对具体工程的软弱夹层进行强度参数取值时要综合考虑夹层在原位条件下的含水量、颗粒组成、粘土矿物成分及所处的地应力环境等因素。并探讨了重力坝规范中仅用粒度成分定量指标选取软弱结构面抗剪强度参数存在的不足之处。     

基于扩散模型的ZnO/p-Si异质结伏安特性研究

为了揭示ZnO/p-Si异质结的导电机理,基于p-n结扩散模型和Anderson扩散模型推导了ZnO/p-Si异质结在理想情况下的伏安特性,并分析了掺杂浓度、工作温度以及能带补偿的影响.结果表明:当正向偏压超过势垒高度时,界面两边多数载流子由耗尽变为堆积,形成反向势垒,对异质结的正向电流起阻碍作用;当外加正向电压等于内...     

一种估计混合动力用Ni-MH电池单体SOC的方法

搭建了混合动力汽车动力电池的性能实验平台,针对车辆实际行驶工况,在不同环境温度下对动力电池进行了相关充放电实验。利用实验系统采集到的动力电池电压与电流,采用自校正模糊神经网络控制算法对常温25℃下的动力电池荷电状态(State of Charge,SOC)进行计算,并与Arbin动力电池测试设备计算出的动力电池荷电状态进行了比较。理论分析和实验结果表明,采用自校正模糊神经网络控制算法计算出的电池SOC满足混合动力汽车电池SOC所需的精度要求。     

退火温度对ZnO薄膜晶体管电特性的影响

针对非晶硅和有机薄膜晶体管的低迁移率问题,以高纯Zn为靶材,反应磁控溅射沉积、且在不同温度下退火的ZnO薄膜作为半导体活性层,成功地制备出基于ZnO材料的薄膜晶体管(ZnO-TFT),研究了退火温度对ZnO -TFT电特性的影响.结果表明:ZnO- TFT的载流子迁移率随退火温度的升高而明显增大,700℃退火的样品迁移...     

Changes in physical features of Glacier No. 1 of the Tianshan Mountains in response to climate change

This study analyzes the changes in glacier zones and snow composition of Glacier No.1 in the Tianshan Mountains of China since 1961,and their possible relations with climate.It is found that precipitation dominated the snow composition and that air temperature and precipitation controlled the distribution of glacier zones,but interannual change in precipitation had a relatively large effect on glacier zones and snow composition during 1963–1981 (P10) and 1963–1989 (P11).However,during 1982–2007 (P20) and 19...     

Reverberation nulling and echo enhancement at low frequency using waveguide invariance

Based on the fact that the transfer function vector between a source receiver array and the dominant scatterer of boundary reverberation at a range can be obtained from the corresponding reverberations scattered from this range cell, a reverberation nulling concept using time reversal processing has been proposed. However, current reverberation nulling methods have certain limitations when applied into practice, which would null boundary reverberation and target echo simultaneously. As a solution, a passive reverberation nulling and echo enhancement method at low frequency using waveguide invariance is proposed in this paper. In this method, the reverberation subspace for the target range cell is not obtained directly from the return signals scattered by the target range cell but from the return signals scattered by a range cell located before the target using waveguide invariance, so as to suppress the reverberation embodied in the target echo by passive reverberation nulling. Besides, a range-dependent optimal weighting vector rather than conventional projector matrix is deduced to null the reverberation component meanwhile maximizing the target echo, thereby enhancing the echo-to-reverberation ratio furthest. Numerical simulations in typical range-independent shallow water environment demonstrate the efficacy and the improved performance of the proposed method for echo-to-reverberation enhancement.