科技发明在身边

<正>超强柔顺剂Sofft,让衣服不会变脏变臭最近出现了一种新型的织物柔顺剂Sofft,将这种柔顺剂加入到衣服中,可以使我们的衣服不会变脏变臭。Sofft的制造商表示,含有他们这种新型织物柔顺剂的衣服比一般的衣服耐脏很多。我们把衣服和柔顺剂一起放在洗衣机中,让柔顺剂融合到衣服中。这个柔顺剂会在衣服表层产生一种薄的保护层,有了这个保护层,油或者果汁这些容易让衣服染色变脏的物质就不会弄脏衣服了。如图这样,果汁倒在衣服上,由于加入了这种柔顺剂,果汁自己会从衣服上滑落下去。该公司称,这样的情况下,衣服的透气性依然很好。     

基于传感器的自动识别水果采摘机的设计

为解决我国水果采摘环节机械化程度低的现状,设计了一款基于传感器的自动识别水果采摘机.该装置由伸缩杆、伸缩式水果入口、手柄、处理器、电源、锁死机构、自动识别入袋器、刀片和减速带等部件构成.采摘时,将水果放入伸缩式水果入口,自动识别系统将会通过自动报警的方式提示,通过手动开关切断果柄,水果落入减速带,落至地面速度降至零左右,完成采摘并方便拾取,其中伸缩杆可以实现采摘不同高度的水果.该自动识别采摘机成本低,结构比较简单,具有通用性和可操作性,适用于大多数果园采摘.能高效、快速地采摘水果,极大程度上减少了劳动力,提高了采摘效率.     

An effective amperometric biosensor based on graphene modified gold nanowire arrays for glucose detection

A novel glucose biosensor based on graphene nanosheets （GNs） modified gold nanowire arrays （AuN- WAs） electrode was constructed. Highly ordered gold nanowire arrays were prepared by direct electrodeposition in anodic aluminum oxide templates. GNs were synthe- sized through a public route involving graphite oxidation, exfoliation, and chemical reduction. Field emission scan- ning electron microscope and high-resolution transmission electron microscope were employed to characterize the as- prepared AuNWAs and GNs. Glucose oxidase was immobilized on the surface of GNs-AuNWAs modified electrode via a cross-linking method. The cyclic voltam- metry results showed that the GNs-AuNWAs-based glu- cose biosensors have high catalysis activity to hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） than those modified with GNs or AuN- WAs only. Furthermore, amperometric response was employed to detect glucose concentration owing to its simplicity, high selectivity, and relative low cost. Glucose biosensors based on GNs-AuNWAs showed excellent performance with high sen- sitivity of 40.25 μA cm^-2 （mmol/L）^-1, low detection limit of 0.02 mmol/L, and a linear range from 0.02 to 3 mmol/L.     

终端电话机工作过程研究

终端电话机的基本工作过程是由89C51单片机控制,并接有各种探测器、报警器、传感器.由传感器检测到信号并按一定的规律将它转换成数字信号.由单片机把信号读入,经处理后向指定的电路发送控制信号,同时启动语音报告系统,通过电话向主人或安全系统进行远程报告.     

胆固醇测定生物传感器研究进展

该文详细介绍了常用于测定血液中胆固醇含量的生物传感器的研究发展情况,同现有的测定方法进行比较,归纳生物传感器的优点和应用领域,特别介绍了目前研究较为深入的两种胆固醇生物传感器——电化学式胆固醇生物传感器和光学式胆固醇生物传感器,分析比较了这两类胆固醇生物传感器的研究现状和优缺点,并对胆固醇生物传感器目前发展的瓶颈和今后的发展方向作出展望。     

面向IP体系演进的物联网异构网络融合架构

目前一些组织已经提出融合物联网的下一代互联网架构,但是针对下一代互联网及传感器网络的不断演变,还没有对IP体系演进的物联网进行较系统的研究。基于此,提出不同阶段具有兼容性、扩展性、自适应性、全面性的融合互联网的物联网网络融合架构模型,在尽量减少传统互联网设备更换的基础上,实现异构网络和互联网的融合架构,解决网络不断发生变化及不同应用场景下网络融合架构问题。     

深部软岩矿体下盘支护的稳定性分析

以小官庄铁矿为例,采用有限元分析方法对软岩地层深部地下支护技术进行研究,分析验证了开采后采用混凝土与长锚索对铁矿下盘岩体进行联合支护的效果.结果表明,采用混凝土与长锚索对下盘岩体进行支护,改善了局部岩体的应力和位移,可减缓岩体移动变形对地面沉陷的影响.     

科技新品

双屏自拍大名：三星ST600标签：数码相机、自拍亮点：ST600采用了一块1420万像素CCD传感器,最高感光度可达ISO3200,并能够拍摄1280x720/30fps的视频。镜头方面,ST600的5倍变焦镜头采用了传统的同轴设计,并且提供了27mm的广角。其最大的亮点就在于搭载了3.5英寸及1.8英寸两块LCD,且背后的3.5英寸LCD还是触控式屏幕。增大后的前置显示屏更便于用户自拍,可帮助拍摄者从幕后彻底解放出来。     

Self-alignment of full skewed RSINS：observability analysis and full-observable Kalman filter

Traditional orthogonal strapdown inertial navigation sys-tem （SINS） cannot achieve satisfactory self-alignment accuracy in the stationary base： taking more than 5 minutes and al the iner-tial sensors biases cannot get ful observability except the up-axis accelerometer. However, the ful skewed redundant SINS （RSINS） can not only enhance the reliability of the system, but also improve the accuracy of the system, such as the initial alignment. Firstly, the observability of the system state includes attitude errors and al the inertial sensors biases are analyzed with the global perspective method： any three gyroscopes and three accelerometers can be assembled into an independent subordinate SINS （sub-SINS）;the system state can be uniquely confirmed by the coupling connec-tions of al the sub-SINSs;the attitude errors and random constant biases of al the inertial sensors are observable. However, the ran-dom noises of the inertial sensors are not taken into account in the above analyzing process. Secondly, the ful-observable Kalman filter which can be applied to the actual RSINS containing random noises is established; the system state includes the position, ve-locity, attitude errors of al the sub-SINSs and the random constant biases of the redundant inertial sensors. At last, the initial self-alignment process of a typical four-redundancy ful skewed RSINS is simulated： the horizontal attitudes （pitch, rol ） errors and yaw error can be exactly evaluated within 80 s and 100 s respectively, while the random constant biases of gyroscopes and accelero-meters can be precisely evaluated within 120 s. For the ful skewed RSINS, the self-alignment accuracy is greatly improved, mean-while the self-alignment time is widely shortened.     

小型公众室内空间照明控制系统设计

在公众场合,照明用电往往存在大量浪费,本文设计一款使用单片机控制公众室内空间的自动化系统,采用人体热释电红外传感器对进出人员自动进行信息采集,用单片机收集信号并进行计数,根据人数对室内的照明进行控制,同在数码管上显示出来人数;便于管理员的管理。