Potential influence of water level changes on energy flows in a lake food web

Large seasonal water-level fluctuations may influence isotopic signatures of primary producers and the types and amounts of these potential food sources accessible to aquatic fauna of Poyang Lake,the largest freshwater lake in China.In this study,the isotopic signatures of primary producers and consumers were determined,stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis and mixing models were combined to investigate the influence of water levels on the diet and isotopic composition of Poyang Lake fish and inverteb...     

Changes in physical features of Glacier No. 1 of the Tianshan Mountains in response to climate change

This study analyzes the changes in glacier zones and snow composition of Glacier No.1 in the Tianshan Mountains of China since 1961,and their possible relations with climate.It is found that precipitation dominated the snow composition and that air temperature and precipitation controlled the distribution of glacier zones,but interannual change in precipitation had a relatively large effect on glacier zones and snow composition during 1963–1981 (P10) and 1963–1989 (P11).However,during 1982–2007 (P20) and 19...     

A high-resolution environmental change record since 19 cal ka BP in Pumoyum Co,southern Tibet

A 380-cm-long sediment core was acquired from the deep water area of Pumoyum Co, southern Tibet. Twenty-five plant residue samples were selected, and organic carbon stable isotopes were obtained using the AMS ¹⁴C chronological method. The ¹⁴C age and carbon reservoir effect were calibrated with surface sedimentation rate measurements using ²¹⁰Pb dating. Results showed that the core sediment deposited over 19 cal ka BP. Based on a multi-proxy analysis of TOC and IC contents, grain size and pollen assemblage data, the palaeoclimatic evolution of Pumoyum Co was reconstructed since the last glacial. Pumoyum Co was a shallow lake prior to 16.2 cal ka BP; although the glacier around the lake began to melt due to increasing temperatures, climate was still cold and dry. In the interval of 16.2–11.8 cal ka BP, the sedimentary environment fluctuated drastically and frequently. Two cold-events occurred at 14.2 and 11.8 cal ka BP, and these may correspond to the Older Dryas and the Younger Dryas events, respectively. After 11.8 cal ka BP, Pumoyun Co developed into the deep lake as it is now. The lake water temperature was relatively lower at that time because of influx of cold water from glacial meltwater entering the lake. As a result, the multi-proxy indicators showed no sign of warm conditions. Comparisons between the sedimentary record of Pumoyum Co with that of other lakes of the same age in southern Tibet indicate a warmer climate following the last deglaciation influenced the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. These results imply that the southwest Asian monsoon gradually became stronger since the deglaciation during its expansion to the inner plateau. The glacial-supplied water of the lake responded sensitively to cold-events. The entire southern Tibet region was dominantly influenced climatically by the southwest Asian monsoon during the Holocene.     

北京市城区单监测点PM2.5质量浓度变化特征

2009年在北京师范大学科技园内对PM2.5质量浓度的连续监测结果表明,PM2.5质量浓度的年均值为55.2μg.m-3,日均值在1.2~325.9μg.m-3之间变化,且频数分布呈现出明显的倾斜:大量的质量浓度值位于30~70μg.m-3之间;季节变化特征为冬季PM2.5污染水平明显高于其他季节;不同季节的日变化模式存在显著差异:整体上是冬季夜间质量浓度高于白天,夏季白天质量浓度高于夜晚,同时在各个季节下午16:00以后质量浓度都存在回升现象.     

财经剪贴

温家宝：增强人民币汇率双向浮动的弹性 11月19日,中国总理温家宝在印尼巴厘岛出席东亚领导人系列会议期间,在与美国总统奥巴马会晤时表示,中国一直在推进人民币汇率形成机制的市场化改革,已经取得明显成效。9月下旬至11月初,海外无本金交割远期外汇市场出现人民币汇率的贬值预期。     

拉响新警报：气候移民

气候移民,在政治、外交、社会经济发展和环境变化合作等领域都可能对国际社会造成新的挑战。在未来,需要各国加强应对能力,完善相应的工作机制。     

财经剪贴

世界银行首次发行人民币债券 世界银行将于2011年1月14日在香港发行人民币债券,总额为5亿元,两年定期,票面利率0．95％,每半年付息一次。这是世界银行首次发行人民币债券。业内人士分析,尽管票面利率较低,该债券仍将会受到投资者追捧,香港市场充裕的流动性以及国际上较高的人民币升值预期,或将主导今年的香港离岸人民币市场。     

京津冀地区耕地变化分析及未来趋势预测

利用京津冀地区耕地面积统计资料为基础,采用耕地资源变化率计算方法和灰色预测法,分析和预测了该地区耕地的变化及趋势.研究结果表明:1985-2007年京津冀地区耕地总面积呈波动下降趋势,总共减少924.3 k hm2,多年平均变化率为-0.59%.耕地的三种类型之中,旱地和水田面积几乎年年减少,多年平均变化率分别为-3.57%和-0.73%,而水浇地的面积在大部分年份都有所增加,多年平均变化率为0.85%.2020年,京津冀地区的耕地总量将从2007年的6 531.61 k hm2减小至6 164.4 k hm2,耕地总面积平均每年减少0.44%,即28.7 k hm2.旱地和水田将继续保持较高的减少率,平均每年分别减少2.57%和0.84%.而水浇地的预测结果为2007年至2020年间每年稍增0.17%.在未来的十几年中,尽管耕地减少的速率减缓,但是京津冀地区耕地保护的压力依然很大.     

高黎贡山赧亢白眉长臂猿春秋季活动范围变化

以云南省高黎贡山国家级自然保护区赧亢片区为研究地点,对1雌1雄1幼组成的白眉长臂猿家群展开为期4个月的持续跟踪.春季和秋季分别获得7个和5个全天跟踪数据,有效跟踪时间达176.0 h.白眉长臂猿有相对固定的夜栖区和取食区,春季活动区域面积仅占秋季活动区域面积的45.9%.春季白眉长臂猿的夜栖区和取食区集中在草果种植区内...