偶联阿霉素10B4C纳米颗粒的制备及其在联合硼中子俘获治疗/化疗中的应用

硼中子俘获治疗（boron neutron capture therapy,BNCT）是一种二元靶向肿瘤治疗方法,研发新型多功能硼药是提高BNCT疗效的关键.本研究通过对¹⁰B₄C纳米颗粒进行表面化学修饰制备了一种新型多功能纳米硼药.首先在¹⁰B₄C纳米颗粒表面接枝超支化聚丙三醇（PG）,然后通过pH敏感的腙键偶联阿霉素（DOX）,得到纳米硼药¹⁰B₄C-PG-DOX.PG层的高亲水性使¹⁰B₄C-PG-DOX在水溶液中具有良好的分散性和稳定性;而DOX单元的引入使¹⁰B₄C-PG-DOX带有正电荷并赋予纳米颗粒一定的亲脂性,从而更容易被肿瘤细胞内吞.当¹⁰B₄C-PG-DOX的浓度为10μg¹⁰B/mL时,平均每个4T1小鼠乳腺癌细胞中¹⁰B原子数高达（4.92±0.36）×10<...     

入射能量在20MeV以下23Na的中子核数据的计算与评价

计算和评价了23Na的中子核数据,中子入射能量小于20MeV.计算和评价的内容为各反应道的截面、弹性散射角分布、能谱和所有出射粒子的双微分截面,还包括伽马产生值:多重数、角分布和能谱.评价工作以实验数据和核模型计算为基础.我们的理论计算结果和实验数据符合的较好,并且符合于现有的评价库文件JENDL3.3.ENDF/B7.CENDL2和JEFF3.1.     

The design and calculation of the delayed neutron detection system for PWR and CEFR

This paper discussed the importance of the delayed neutron detection system. We improved the delayed neutron detection station and delayed neutron detector, so the noise was greatly decreased and the detection efficiency was greatly increased. After the improvement the stability of the detector was enhanced and the false alarm was eliminated. We introduced the principle of the gas lift pump designed for the sodium cooled fast reactor. A calculation model of the failed fuel detection system of CEFR was proposed, and from the model a code using LabWindows/CVI was developed. The minimum broken area that could be detected by the delayed neutron detection system of CEFR was calculated and the delayed neutron detection signal in a few representative transient conditions during fuel failure happened was stimulated.     

The review and prospect of neutron radiography in China

Neutron radiography is one of radiography non-destructive testing. It is a valuable complementary of X and γ rays radiography. The present status and history of neutron radiography in China was described briefly, facilities of neutron radiography and their development were introduced in this paper.     

A half century of radioisotope neutron sources in China

Near 50 years history of the development of radioisotope neutron sources in China is briefly reviewed. The structure design, preparing technology and production status of routine neutron sources including 210Po-Be sources, 210po mock fission sources, 241 Am-Be sources, 238pu-Be sources, 252Cf spontaneous fission sources and other special-shape neutron sources are summarized. In addition, the prospects of development on radioisotope neutron source in China are predicted from the needs of nuclear power construction, oil well-logging, neutron moisture gauge and neutron brachytherapy.     

21世纪中子科学发展的方向：香山科学会议第157次学术讨论会

长期以来中子一直是研究物质结构的理想探针.基于中能强流质子加速器的强脉冲散裂中子源的出现,大大加速了它的研究及应用领域的开拓,它所覆盖的科学前沿极为广泛,如生命科学和材料科学、中子核物理及核天体物理、极端条件下的核物理研究等;还可覆盖一些重大工程技术问题和国防建设等;中能强流质子加速器同时为航天器件的空间辐照效应的模拟提供了条件,为开展μ子应用和探索中微子物理提供了可能性.     

中子活化法研究叶绿体中的稀土元素

用中子活化分析测定了油菜叶绿体中的稀土元素含量。结果表明叶绿体中含有微量稀土,其含量相当于每个稀土原子对应约2000个叶绿素分子,低于Fe, Mn, Cu等必需元素。     

AGB星s-过程核合成:中子辐照量渐近分布

根据13C壳层在脉冲间隔期间辐射燃烧释放中子的AGB星s(slow) 过程核合成模型,采用3层简化假设,研究了氦中间壳层的中子辐照量渐近分布。结果表明,中子辐照量分布不再是通常所认为的指数形式,曲线先有一个简短的上升然后再单调下降,但除中子辐照量较低的一个小区域外,分布曲线仍与指数分布非常接近。这与根据恒星模型进行的核合成计算结果一致。     

闪烁薄膜中子探测器灵敏度Monte Carlo计算

闪烁薄膜探测器的灵敏度和中子/γ分辨能力与闪烁晶体厚度密切相关,合理选择闪烁晶体厚度是探测器设计的关键。该文应用Monte Carlo方法模拟了中子和γ射线与闪烁晶体的相互作用过程,计算研究了晶体厚度对探测器灵敏度及中子/γ分辨能力的影响,给出了0.1~16.0MeV中子和γ射线照射下探测器的相对灵敏度,并结合部分能点的实验室标定数据,得到了探测器灵敏度能量响应曲线和中子/γ分辨率。理论计算的灵敏度能量响应曲线与实验标定趋势基本一致。     

核裂变中子发射多重性的蒙特卡罗模拟

本文采用c,h,α参量描述核的形变,建立了含中子发射的朗之万耦合模型,并完成了核裂变前中子发射多重性的蒙特卡罗计算.经过验证,采用蒙特卡罗方法得到的计算结果与实验结果符合较好;另外,本文区分了鞍点前及鞍点后的中子发射,重点考察了裂变核的鞍点振荡,发现鞍点振荡期间的中子发射多重性不可忽略,并且其数量随入射粒子实验室能量及复合核质量数的增加而增大,因此对于热的重核,鞍点振荡期间的中子发射多重性将极大地影响核裂变碎片角分布的计算.