地铁盾构分岔式隧道数值模拟及应用

为研究地铁盾构分岔隧道问题,采用FLAC3D三维模拟技术以原始隧道经过简化得到计算分析三维模型,分析了不同分岔角度下的应力、变形问题.研究结果表明:分岔隧道的应力、变形随分岔隧道夹角的增大而减小,应力叠加越来越小,当分叉角度较大时,应力集中峰值开始分岔变为两个峰值;通过与现场监测结果对比,现场监测值与数值模拟结果吻合.     

基于奇异摄动的最优滑翔制导律

针对高超声速滑翔式再入飞行器轨迹优化和制导关键技术,设计了一种新型的最优滑翔制导律.首先,通过对再入飞行器运动学、动力学状态变量变化特点的假定,将其进行三个快慢时间尺度的划分;然后,应用最优控制理论分别求解三个不同时间尺度上的子问题,得到其解析解;在此基础上,基于奇异摄动方法,设计出具有闭环反馈形式的最优滑翔制导律;最后,对所求制导律的有效性进行了数学仿真验证.仿真结果表明:该制导律能在三维空间内导引/再入飞行器朝目标方向最远距离滑翔飞行;该算法得出的闭环解析解满足制导过程中实时计算需求,具有工程应用前景.     

配位聚合物Ni(2,6-PDC)2·3H2O的水热合成及晶体结构

采用水热合成法,用NiCl2·6H2O和H2DPC合成了Ni(2,6-PDC)2·3H2O配位聚合物,并对其进行了元素分析和单晶X射线衍射结构测定.该配位聚合物结构属于单斜晶系,空间群为P2(1yc.晶胞参数为:a=13.680(3)((A)),b=10.045(2)((A)),c=1 3.777(3)((A)),β=115.20(3).,γ=90.00.,Volume=1713.0(6)(A)3,Z=4,F(000)=880,Mr=442.71.在化合物结构中,镍为六配位结构,其中两个N和四个羧基氧分别来自于两个2,6-吡啶二甲酸.由于分子中的苯环间存在π键作用,化合物连接为二维结构.又由于分子中存在大量的氢键,使化合物拓展为三维结构.     

内生枯草芽孢杆菌HD-1β-甘露聚糖酶基因的克隆及结构生物学分析

采用PCR技术从一株内生枯草芽孢杆菌HD-1基因组DNA中扩增出β-甘露聚糖酶基因核苷酸编码序列.序列分析表明,该基因全长1 089bp,编码362个氨基酸和一个终止密码子,N端前27个氨基酸为其信号肽.该酶氨基酸序列与相同来源的β-甘露糖苷酶同源性最高达98.34%,具有ManB保守结构域,属于糖苷水解酶家族26的一员.通过对该酶分子三维结构的预测分析,该酶的催化域形成TIM桶状结构,Cys92和Cys112形成二硫键,它们之间的部分构成该酶的氧化还原反应的活性中心,Glu100和Glu292分别为该酶的酸碱催化位点和亲核催化位点.三维结构的分析为提高酶的催化活性的和功能方面的定向改造提供了依据.     

基于Open CASCADE的机电产品三维结构的集成与准确建模

现有的计算机辅助设计工具虽然在机械、电子各自领域已经十分的成熟,但在机电集成设计和信息交互方面还不是十分有效,特别是在机电产品三维结构的集成建模上存在很大的局限性.为了寻求一种将机电模型准确造型的方法,基于Open CASCADE(OCC)三维造型内核开发了一个机电集成设计平台,在机械设计方面通过对产品数据交换标准(STEP)文件的读写与机械计算机辅助设计(MCAD)配合支持产品机械结构的造型设计;在电气设计方面实现中间数据格式(IDF)中性文件的读写与电子计算机辅助设计(ECAD)配合支持产品电气结构的设计及三维模型的自动生成;通过系统自带的三维电子元件数据库搜寻元件准确的三维模型替换IDF文件中描述的简单元件模型,最终实现机电产品三维结构的集成与准确建模,该模型有效提高了机电产品的设计效率、在后续产品的仿真分析验证及制造所需数据的准确性.模型可通过输出接口以STEP文件格式导出,供其他分析软件使用.     

颅骨缺损手术修复的人机工程模拟初探

首先使用Mimics医学软件,利用患者头部CT扫描照片,生成颅骨缺损模型,然后在CATIA软件内,利用云点模型识别选定颅骨缺损修复的材料(有机玻璃)大小及形状和固定材料(钢板)方法,使之装配成一个完整的修复后人体头颅模型。最后,在DELMIA软件内,采用手术模型对手术过程进行初步模拟。通过本文探讨证明,该方法可应用于颅骨缺损修补手术的术前准备,可以缩短手术时间,提高颅骨修复手术的质量。     

三维曲面柔性卷板成形技术及其数值模拟

介绍三维曲面柔性卷板成形技术,并与传统卷板成形和多点成形进行了对比. 对柔性卷板成形装置进行研究并开发出相应的实验装置. 建立柔性卷板成形的有限元模型,并对其成形过程进行数值模拟,得到了较好的模拟结果. 模拟了两种不同材料板材的成形效果,分析了其产生不同成形效果的原因.     

Structures of magnetic null points in reconnection diffusion region: Cluster observations

Magnetic reconnection is a very important and fundamental plasma process in transferring energy from magnetic field into plasma. Previous theory, numerical simulations and observations mostly concentrate on 2-dimensional （2D） model; however, magnetic reconnection is a 3-dimensional （3D） nonlinear process in nature. The properties of reconnection in 3D and its associated singular structure have not been resolved completely. Here we investigate the structures and charactedstics of null points inside the reconnection diffusion region by introducing the discretized Poincar6 index through Gauss integral and using magnetic field data with high resolution from the four satellites of Cluster mission. We estimate the velocity and trajectory of null points by calculating its position in different times, and compare and discuss the observations with different reconnection models with null points based on characteristics of electric current around null points.     

Three-dimensional fluorescence spectral characteristics of dissolved organic carbon in cave drip waters and their responses to environment changes: Four cave systems as an example in Guizhou Province,China

Understanding the responses of fluorescence spectral characteristics of cave drip waters to modern environment and climate changes is key to the reconstructions of environmental and climatic changes using fluorescence spectral characteristics of speleothems. The fluorescence spectral characteristics of dissolved organic carbon （DOC） in four active cave systems were analyzed with a three-dimensional （3D） fluorescence spectral analysis method. We found that the fluorescence types of DOC were mainly of fulvic-like and protein-like fluorescences, both in soil waters and cave drip waters. The intensity of fulvic-like fluorescence was positively correlated with the concentrations of DOC, suggesting that the DOC of cave drip waters was derived from the overlying soil layer of a cave system. Compared with the other cave systems, the variation range of the excitation and emission wavelengths for fulvic-like fluorescence of cave drip waters in Liangfeng cave system that had forest vegetation was smaller and the excitation wavelength was longer, while its fluorescence intensity varied significantly. By contrast, the excitation and emission wavelengths and fluorescence intensity for that in Jiangjun cave system that had a scrub and tussock vegetation showed the most significant variation, while its excitation wavelength was shorter. This implies that the variation of vegetation overlying a cave appears to be a factor affecting the fluorescence spectral characteristics of cave drip waters.     

丁坝与挡土墙配合防护沿河公路路基机理分析

山区沿河公路常由于弯道水流冲刷而发生水毁.为进一步认识丁坝和挡土墙配合这一沿河路基水毁防治方案的防护机理,采用现代三维运动界面追踪技术VOF(volume of fluid)方法和标准k-ε模型耦合求解,对圆心角为90°弯道中设置丁坝的三维流场进行了分析研究,指出丁坝和挡土墙配合防护沿河路基是通过改变弯道水流的流场结构,使水流偏离被防护的路基或将冲刷区变为淤积区,从而达到冲刷防护目的的.