Effects of truncated mutants of the ε subunit of chloroplast ATP synthase on the fast phase of millisecond delayed light emission of chloroplast and its ATP synthesis ability

The ε subunit of the chloroplast ATP synthase and the truncated ε mutants which lack some amino acid residues from the N-terminus or C-terminus were overexpressed in E. coil When the ε subunit or the truncated ε proteins was added to the spinach chloroplast suspension, both the intensity of the fast phase of millisecond delayed light emission (ms-DLE) and the cyclic and noncyclic photophosphorylation activity of chloroplast were enhanced. With an increase in the number of residues deleted from the N-terminus, the enhancement effect of the N-terminal truncated proteins decreased gradually. For the C-terminal truncated proteins, the enhancement effect increased gradually with an increase in the number of residues deleted from the C-terminus. Besides, the ATP synthesis activity of ε-deficient membrane reconstituted with the ε subunit or the truncated ε proteins was compared. The ATP synthesis activity of reconstituted membrane with the N-terminal truncated proteins decreased gradually as the number of residues deleted from the N-terminus increased. For the C-terminal truncated proteins, the ATP synthesis activity of reconstituted membrane increased gradually with an increase in the number of residues deleted from the C-terminus, but was still lower than that of the wild type ε protein. These results suggested that: (a) the N-terminal domain of the ε subunit of the chloroplast ATP synthase could affect the ATP synthesis activity of ATP synthase by regulating the efficiency of blocking proton leakage of ε subunit; and (b) the C-terminal domain of the ε subunit of the chloroplast ATP synthase had a subtle function in modulating the ATP synthesis ability of ATP synthase.     

Apoptotic cell death in the lactating mammary gland is enhanced by a folding variant of α-lactalbumin

Apoptosis is essential to eliminate secretory epithelial cells during the involution of the mammary gland. The environmental regulation of this process is however, poorly understood. This study tested the effect of HAMLET (human -lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) on mammary cells. Plastic pellets containing HAMLET were implanted into the fourth inguinal mammary gland of lactating mice for 3 days. Exposure of mammary tissue to HAMLET resulted in morphological changes typical for apoptosis and in a stimulation of caspase-3 activity in alveolar epithelial cells near the HAMLET pellets but not more distant to the pellet or in contralateral glands. The effect was specific for HAMLET and no effects were observed when mammary glands were exposed to native a-lactalbumin or fatty acid alone. HAMLET also induced cell death in vitro in a mouse mammary epithelial cell line. The results suggest that HAMLET can mediate apoptotic cell death in mammary gland tissue.Received 30 January 2004; received after revision 5 March 2004; accepted 16 March 2004     

Fine mapping of the dominant glandless Gene Gl2^e in Sea-island cotton （Gossypium barbadense L.）

Gle2 is a mutant gene that controls glandless trait in cotton plants and seeds. It is an important gene resource to gossypol-free cottonseed breeding. The objective of this research was to develop SSR markers tightly linked with Gle2 by using the F2 segregating population containing 1599 plants derived from the cross of G. hirsutum genetic standard line TM-1 and G. barbadense glandless mutant line Hai-1. Genetic analysis suggested that the Gle2 was an incomplete dominant gene. Based on the backbone of genetic linkage map from G. hirsutum × G. barbadense BC1 published by our laboratory,Gle2 was lo-cated between CIR362 and NAU2251b,NAU3860b,STV033,with a genetic distance 9.27 and 0.96 cM,respectively. This result is useful for cloning Gle2 gene by map-based cloning method.     

IEEE802.16e跨层切换的性能分析

目的为了提高切换性能,将快速分层移动IPv6(F-HM IPv6)应用到IEEE802.16e中提出了一种新跨层切换方法。方法通过将MAC层切换和IP层切换有效结合,使MAC层切换和IP层切换交叉进行。结果该方法与现有的切换方法相比,具有更小的切换时延和服务中断时间。对不同的切换方法的数据传输时间进行了分析,不同的参数对数据传输时间有不同的影响。结论该方法具有好的切换性能。     

一类图的优美性

设￣／Ｑｎ（ｎ≥３，ｎ∈Ｎ）表示王冠Ｑｎ的回路Ｃｎ上的每相邻顶点之间都加入一个顶点后得到的图，证明了图￣／Ｑｎ都是优美图。     

Morphological reply to a DNA call: a new cryptic species of Hydraena from western Europe,with a complete overview of the Hydraena gracilis complex (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae: “Haenydra” lineage)

Recent molecular analyses revealed unexpected genetic variability within Hydraena gracilis, one of the most common and widespread European moss beetles, belonging to the West Palaearctic endemic “Haenydra” lineage. For this taxon, molecular data univocally evidenced two distinct clades, the first one including populations from the Iberian Peninsula, and the second including populations from central and eastern Europe. Aedeagal morphology of H. gracilis was further investigated, finally demonstrating the actual existence of a new cryptic species of the H. gracilis complex in Portugal, Spain and the French Pyrenees. The geographical range of the true H. gracilis was consequently revised. Finally, dichotomous keys for males of all species belonging to the H. gracilis complex, and for males of all the Iberian “Haenydra” species, are also supplied.     

借记卡安全电子支付的身份认证协议研究

为了加强借记卡处理安全电子交易（SET）协议的身份认证，在SET支付协议的基础上，提出了两种对借记卡身份进行认证的协议，使借记卡可以进行SET支付，第一种协议是在SET协议中增加个人密码的加密传输，第二种协议是采用服务器钱包模型，由服务器钱包对借记卡进行身份认证和余额检查，这两种协议可适应不同情况，较好地解决了SET协议对借记卡的支持。     

A NOTE ON A.E.CONVERGENCE OF FOURIER-LAPLACE SERIES IN L2*

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可测函数列关于谱测度几乎处处收敛的若干特征

本文把可测函数列几乎处处收敛的几个重要特征推广到谱测度的情形，并证明了它们之间的相互等价性．