Structural Changes of Water Molecules Upon the Reduction of Quinones in The Reaction Center from Rhodobactery Sphaeroides

1 Results The photosynthetic bacterial reaction center (RC) is a membrane protein complex.The RC is composed of three protein subunits and redox components such as bacteriochlorophylls, bacteriopheophytins,and quinones.The RC performs the photochemical electron transfer from the bacteriochlorophyll dimer through a series of electron donor and acceptor molecules to a secondary quinone,QB.QB accepts electrons from a primary quinone,QA,in two sequential electron transfer reactions.The second electron trans...     

有机试剂提取浮游植物光合色素的研究

用4种常用有机试剂丙酮、甲醇、乙醇与N，N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)提取光合色素，通过高效液相色谱方法(HPLC)分析比较了它们对实验室培养浮游植物的叶绿素a及其衍生物、叶绿素b及其衍生物、叶绿素c1 c2、叶绿素c3、4种类胡萝卜素以及胡萝卜素的提取效果．结果表明：DMF色素提取效率最高，仅需1h就能完全提取叶绿素及类胡萝卜素，而其它溶剂时间延至24h．仍不能完全提取；丙酮与DMF均能较大地抑制叶绿素酶(chlorophyllase)的活性和脱植基叶绿素a的产生，而甲醇与乙醇在提取过程中容易促生成脱植基叶绿素a；V(丙酮)：V(甲醇)=4：1，提取色素中脱植基叶绿素a介于两之间．DMF提取易产生较高比例的叶绿素a氧化体(allomers)和异构体(epimers)，且叶绿素a氧化体随着时间延长而增多．从不同色素提取效果来看，丙酮对极性较小的色素提取效果较好，乙醇对极性色素提取效果较好，甲醇介于二之间；而DMF对绝大部分色素均有良好的提取效果．     

不同小麦品种剑叶的光合速率、影响因素及其与穗重关系的研究

作者选取四川推广的主要小麦品种(系)15个，在灌浆期测定其剑叶的叶绿体含量，并分二次测定其净光合速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度和蒸腾速率．收获期取样测定单穗重、收获指数和生物产量．统计分析表明，单稳重1．6g以下和收获指数46％以下的品种，灌浆前期的净光合速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度和蒸腾速率较高，灌浆后期较低．单穗重1．6g以上和收获指数48％以上的品种，表现正好相反．这表明较高的灌浆速率和较长的灌浆时间有利于提高穗重和改善光合产物的分配．在灌浆初期，剑叶的净光合速率与单穗重和收获指数呈负相关或相关不显著，但灌浆后期却表现极显著正相关．净光合速率与灌浆后期的胞间CO2浓度、与前期和后期的气孔导度均呈显著正相关，但与蒸腾速率无关．这说明，净光合速率的高低与气孔因素的关系大于非气孔因素．     

鹅掌楸光合性能的测定与分析

利用751分光光度计测定鹅掌揪树冠阴阳面和上下冠层4个方位在不同生长季节叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素总量；应用LI-6400红外气体分析仪测定鹅掌揪不同部位不同生长季节中净光合速率日变化及季节变化。采用多元统计分析，得出净光合速率与光强、温度和生活幸福湿度等环境因子之间的相关关系，找出不同条件下影响净光合速率的主导因子，分析不同方位及冠层对净光合速率的影响。初步了解了鹅掌揪的光合性能。     

光照、温度和水分对野生荞麦光合速率的影响

通过野生荞麦和栽培苦荞麦叶片光合速率对光照、温度、土壤含水量变化的反应,表明野生荞麦与栽培苦荞麦对光照、温度和水分变化的反应差异明显,野生荞麦叶片在利用光能和叶片光合速率的温度适宜范围,以及对水分胁迫适应力等方面都强于栽培苦荞麦,表现出较高的光合生产能力和较好的抗逆性.     

Study on the effect of highway construction on photosynthetic rate of roadsides plant in Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region

A case study was conducted on Dabao （from Dali city to Baoshan city） and Sixiao （from Simao city to Xiaomengyang town） highways in Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region to investigate the effect of highway construction on photosynthetic rate of roadsides plants. The dominant species in the plant communities were selected to measure the variation of their photosynthetic rate with the distance to the highway, so as to analyze the effect of highway construction on photosynthesis and growth of roadside plants by using mathematic methods including contrast analysis, regress analysis and so on. Results indicate： （1） Highway construction reduced the plant photosynthetic rate of the arbor and crop, and improved the plant photosynthetic rate of the shrub and herbage; （2） highway construction directly affected the plant photosynthetic rate through changing the structure of plant community and living state of plant, and indirectly affected the plant photosynthetic rate through changing its environmental factors; （3） the location and topography of road are also important factors affecting plant photosynthetic rate on roadsides, the influencing incidence and intensity on plant photosynthetic rate under different topographies caused by the two selected highways were obviously different.     

冰醋酸对于测定植物材料中超氧阴离子含量的灵敏度的影响

利用羟胺氧化法测定超氧阴离子 ,在偶氮反应试剂中加入冰醋酸能够提高检测灵敏度 5 0 % .在植物材料的O2 - · 的提取过程中同时加入EDTA和羟胺 ,抑制SOD活性并及时“固定”O2 - · ,这样所测得的O2 - · 含量更能反映体内的实际情况 .同时发现提取上清液照光不产生O2 - · ,间接验证了O2 - · 来源于光合膜系统 .     

田间珊瑚树净光合速率及生态因子的日变化

自然条件下 ,对珊瑚树叶片光合作用日进程的研究结果表明 :夏季晴天珊瑚树阳叶净光合速率日进程曲线为“双峰”型 ,光合效率午间明显降低 ,主要由非气孔限制引起 .应用逐步多元回归方法 ,得到珊瑚树净光合速率日变化的最优方程为 :Y =- 4 9.8837 0 .0 10 3X1 0 .0 6 75X4 0 .4 913X5(复相关系数R =0 .84 12 ,F值 =4 .84 2 9,显著水平p =0 .0 4 82 ) .偏相关分析和通径分析表明 ,光合有效辐射、空气相对湿度和空气CO2 浓度与净光合速率的日变化有着极显著和显著的相关关系 ,是影响净光合速率的直接主要因子 ,影响的大小顺序为 :光合有效辐射 >空气相对湿度 >胞间CO2 浓度     

磷胁迫对大豆不同磷素基因型光合作用的影响

2002年和2003年通过大田试验。探讨了3种不同磷效率的基因型大豆在不同磷素水平下的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(CS)、胞间隙CO2浓度(Ci)及蒸腾速率(Tr)的差异．结果表明：4项指标间存在着显著的正相关。低磷胁迫下大豆磷高效基因型光合能力明显高于磷低效基因型．     

Hypoosmotic shock induces a stateⅠtransition of photosynthetic apparatus in Dunaliella salina

The effects of hypoosmotic shock on state transition in darkness in Dunaliella salina were studied. When the concentration of NaCI in culture medium was dropped from 1.5 to 0.5 mol/L abruptly, the photosynthetic rate of D.salina declined, but the respiratory rate and intracellular ATP content increased in the dark. The FpsⅡ/FpsⅠ ratio at 77 K of D. salina cells exposed to hypoosmotic shock was higher than that of control cells, indicating that more excitation energy was distributed to PS Ⅱ in stressed D.salina cells upon illumination. A decrease in LHC Ⅱ phosphorylation level was also observed when D.salina was exposed to hypoosmotic shock. Thus a state Ⅰ transition of photosynthetic apparatus occurs when D.salina suffers hypoosmotic shock in darkness, which is supposed to be related to an enhancement of respiration and an increase in ATP content in stressed D.salina cells.