我国新型肿瘤细胞治疗方法CIK的研究与应用现状

肿瘤的细胞治疗已经引起广泛关注,特别是各种肿瘤的免疫细胞治疗非常活跃。细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞(CIK)治疗是近年来具有代表性的肿瘤细胞治疗方法,研究和应用进展迅速。为全面了解中国CIK的学术动态,利用中国医院知识仓库CHKD期刊全文库,以公开发表的论文为基础,进行现状分析。检索文献出现CIK的检索年限为1994,结束文献检索时间为2007年初,共检出相关文章148篇。将文献进行分析,通过已发表的文献介绍国内CIK研究与应用状况,并分析了CIK研究应用趋势及其展望。     

恶性肿瘤气虚痰瘀证患者内分泌激素及免疫功能状态分析

对恶性肿瘤中医辨证分型及其恶性肿瘤气虚痰瘀证患者的内分泌激素和免疫功能状态进行了分析。采用流式细胞术检测了41例恶性肿瘤气虚痰瘀证和42例非气虚痰瘀证患者血清CD 3、CD 4、CD 8和NK细胞的变化;用放射免疫计数法检测了ACTH、CORT、IL-1β和IL-6。结果表明,①恶性肿瘤患者中医辨证分型气虚痰瘀证占49.39%。②气虚痰瘀证组和非气虚痰瘀证组CD 3、CD 4、CD 4/CD 8、NK均下降,CD 8升高,上述指标与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05);其中气虚痰瘀证组CD 3、CD 4与非气虚痰瘀证组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。③气虚痰瘀证组和非气虚痰瘀证组IL-1β和IL-6与对照组比较均降低(P<0.01),但两组间无明显差异(P>0.05)。④气虚痰瘀证组和非气虚痰瘀证组ACTH含量升高(P<0.01),CORT含量升高(P<0.05),具有统计学意义,但两组之间无显著差异,无统计学意义(P>0.05)。由此可知,气虚痰瘀证是恶性肿瘤的重要证型,恶性肿瘤气虚痰瘀证组和非气虚痰瘀证组都存在免疫细胞及内分泌激素方面的改变,尤以气虚痰瘀证组更加突出,以CD 3、CD 4、CD 8、NK、IL-1β和ACTH的改变为主。     

注射麻醉剂抑制小鼠EMT6乳腺肿瘤的生长

通过注射常规麻醉剂,可以降低患肿瘤生物个体新陈代谢强度,继而抑制其肿瘤生长及降低疼痛;观察了麻醉剂对移植性小鼠乳腺癌(EMT6)生长的抑制作用。通过对移植乳腺癌肿瘤小鼠的培养及给药实验,全面模拟人体生长肿瘤时的生理特征。在小鼠完成移植肿瘤细胞1周后,开始注射麻醉剂,同时对肿瘤生长及小鼠生理状况进行逐天监控;给药2周后处死小鼠并检测。实验发现,注射麻醉剂组小鼠肿瘤生长速度慢于实验对照组,肿瘤抑制率最高达18.5%。结果表明,注射麻醉剂可以延缓肿瘤生长,在乳腺癌治疗上具有可行性。     

Microplate chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative evaluation of carbohydrate antigen 72-4 in human serum

A highly sensitive and specific microplate chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay （CLEIA） was developed for the quantitative evaluation of carbohydrate antigen 72-4 （CA72-4） in human serum, using luminol-H2O2 catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase （HRP） as the chemiluminescence system. The simple and quick determination was accomplished through a sandwich reaction mode. Several physicochemical parameters of the immunoreaction, including incubation conditions, antibody coating conditions, dilution ratio of anti-CA72-4-HRP conjugate, and chemiluminescence reaction time, were studied and optimized. The proposed method exhibited a linear range of 0-200 U/mL with correlation coefficient and detection limit of 0.9995 and 0.18 U/mL, respectively. The inter-assay and intra-assay coefficients of variation （CV） were both less than 10%. The average recovery of two clinical sera with low and high concentration CA72-4 was 99.3% and 98.7%, respectively. Normal tumor markers, including AFP, CEA, CA24-2, CA19-9 and CA15-3, did not cross-react with each other. The method＇s stability was evaluated by assessing its analytical performance after storing the immunoreagents at 4℃ and 37℃ for 7 days. Little difference was found, indicating satisfactory stability of the method. The present method has been successfully applied to the detection of CA72-4 human serum, and showed a good correlation with the commercially available ELISA kit （r^2=0.9383）. This method showed great potential in the fabrication of diagnostic kit for CA72-4, and could be well used in diagnosis of cancer in clinical practice.     

口底及舌的恶性肿瘤影像表现及应用价值(附35例分析)

为了分析口底及舌的恶性肿瘤CT及MRI表现,评价影像检查在诊断中的应用价值,采用回顾性分析经手术病理证实的35例口底及舌恶性肿瘤,并将影像表现与病理结果对照.结果表明:CT扫描16例,发现病变14例,遗漏2例;MRI扫描19例,均能显示病变.CT、MRI对口底及舌的恶性肿瘤的诊断有重要价值,在显示周围软组织扩散和淋巴结转移方面,MRI优于CT,CT则能较好显示骨质受侵.     

Biological effects of radioactive <Superscript>9</Superscript>C-ion beams on cells

~~Biological effects of radioactive ~9C-ion beams on cells@A.Kitagawa$National Institute of Radiological Sciences,Chiba 263-8555, Japan @T, Kanai$National Institute of Radiological Sciences,Chiba 263-8555, Japan @M. Kanazawa$National Institute of Radiological Sciences,Chiba 263-8555, Japan @Y .Furusawa$National Institute of Radiological Sciences,Chiba 263-8555, Japan @E. Urakabe$National Institute of Radiological Sciences,Chiba 263-8555, Japan1.Castro,J.R.,Results …     

大鼠不同组织提取物对荷S180小鼠体内抑瘤作用

本文用透析方法从ＳＤ大鼠脑,颌下腺,心脏,肝脏,肌肉,睾丸,肾脏,肺,脾脏等９种组织中提取可秀析物质,简称透析因子。用荷Ｓ１８０昆明小鼠,荷Ｓ１８０的ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠做模型。     

恶性肿瘤患者血清微量元素分析

为探讨恶性肿瘤患者内微量元素变化,本文采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定了４１例恶性肿瘤病人血清中锌、铜、铁、硒、锰５种元素含量及铜／锌比值,并以３８例正常人为对照。结果表明：恶性肿瘤患者血清中锌、硒、锰低于正常人,铜、铁及铜／锌比值明显增高,与正常组比较有显著意义（Ｐ＜００５）。提示：血清低锌、低硒、低锰、高铜、高铁与恶性肿瘤有一定关系     

Changes in body temperature and circulating levels of interleukin-6 after intra-arterial injections or infusions of tumor necrosis factor α in guinea pigs

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is released systematically during the early phase of endotoxin induced fever. To study the effects of this cytokine in guinea pigs, 2 g TNF were intra-arterially injected as a bolus or slowly infused within 60 min. Both modes of administration induced a biphasic elevation of the animals' abdominal temperature lasting 6 h and stimulated the release of endogenous interleukin-6 (IL-6)-like activity. The second phase of the thermal response and the release of endogenous IL-6-like activity were significantly higher, when TNF was slowly infused into the animals' circulation, in spite of a transiently higher TNF-like activity after the bolus injection of TNF. Both TNF and IL-6 may therefore be regarded as candidates to trigger the febrile response in guinea pigs.     

基于Tamura纹理特征提取和SVM的多模态脑肿瘤MR图像分割

在Tamura纹理特征和支持向量机(SVM)算法基础上提出一种多模态脑肿瘤图像分割算法.将4种模态下的多序列核磁共振图像(MRI)的局部灰度特征与Tamura纹理度量相结合,尽可能提取足够多的图像信息;在SVM模型中输入已知样本并进行训练;用训练好的SVM模型处理其他脑肿瘤图像.实验通过对20例患者的图像进行展开,从实验数据来看,提出的方法可以精准有效地分割出脑肿瘤区域,得到脑肿瘤的边界,并且对脑肿瘤图像的差异性表现出较强的自适应能力.