神经肽、神经递质与肿瘤的关系

对神经肽及神经递质对肿瘤增殖和分化的调控作用、调控机理及肿瘤细胞表面的神经肽受体的研究进展进行了综述。     

Crystal cell pattern modification in a melanotic tumor strain ofDrosophila melanogaster

Summary 3rd instar larvae of the melanotic tumortu-pb strain ofDrosophila melanogaster hold a lower number of free-circulating crystal cells in their hemolymph than the wild type ones. This pattern could result from an abnormal retention of mature crystal cells in the hematopoietic organs, as the strong hemocyte melanization inside the lymph glands of heat-treatedtu-pb larvae seems to demonstrate. Melanotic tumor formation and modification of the crystal cell pattern may be related.     

The use of 5-fluorocytosine and ketoconazole in the culture of the erythrocytic stages ofPlasmodium falciparum and some tumor cell lines

Summary In vitro culture systems are often contaminated by bacteria and fungi. It is therefore often necessary to supplement culture media with agents such as penicillin/streptomycin, gentamycin or amphotericin B. The latter cannot be used in the in vitro culture of erythrocytic stages ofP. falciparum, and thus anti-fungal agents have not been regularly used in this system. We describe the prophylactic use of 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) and ketoconazole (KTZ) in tissue cultures at concentrations up to 300 and 10 g/ml respectively which have no effect on the growth ofP. falciparum (FCR-3 strain). A melanoma cell line (C32) and a line of uterine carcinoma (C41) were also unaffected by similar concentrations of 5-FC and KTZ. When dissolved in complete culture medium (RPMI 1640) with 10% human plasma, the minimum inhibitory concentration of 5-FC for a susceptible strain ofCandida remained below 2 g/ml. These experiments suggest that 5-FC (at 50 g/ml) alone or in combination with KTZ (at 1 g/ml) is a useful addition to the armamentarium of antimicrobials available to the tissue culture biologist for a variety of cell culture systems.     

肿瘤血管生成抑制剂临床应用进展

血管生成抑制剂已被证明是一类有效的肿瘤治疗药物.概述了从单靶点、多靶点,到广谱血管生成抑制剂在临床上的应用;介绍了单克隆抗体、小分子和内源性的血管生成抑制剂及其相应靶点,讨论了新的靶点及有前景的新型血管生成抑制剂,希望为未来临床治疗提供切实的帮助.     

裸鼠自发性淋巴道转移肿瘤模型的建立

在裸鼠发现一例自发性皮下肿瘤,伴广泛淋巴结转移,经10代以上体内传代,在裸鼠体内长瘤及转移的特性稳定,原位长瘤率大于95％,潜伏期5—12天,转移率100％,平均荷瘤生存时间22天。大体解剖见腹股沟、腋下、颌下、腹腔等处有不同程度淋巴结转移。光镜和电镜的形态学检查见肿瘤细胞形态圆、较小、核大胞浆少,染色质呈块状、围裙状,分裂相多见,符合小细胞分化程度较差的恶性肿瘤,转移灶和原位灶形态学上相似。该可稳定传代、广泛淋巴道转移的小鼠肿瘤定名为LMLM瘤系。     

汉防己甲素有效地逆转肿瘤细胞抗药性

肿瘤细胞对多种结构不同、作用靶位不同的抗肿瘤药物的抗药性,往往使肿瘤患者的化疗彻底失败.为逆转肿瘤细胞抗药性,国外做了大量研究来寻找、合成逆转抗药性的药物.最近,我们应用从中草药中提取的生物碱汉防己甲素(Tet)和抗肿瘤药物阿霉素(ADM)合用,成功地逆转多药抗性株(CHO/ADM)对 ADM 的抗性(该抗性株由本室     

Organoselenides as potential immunostimulants and inducers of interferon gamma and other cytokines in human peripheral blood leukocytes

Summary A number of organoselenium compounds have been described as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, glutathione peroxidase-like agents and inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis. Here we report that bis [2-(N-phenyl-carboxamido)]phenyl diselenide, 2-phenyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one (Ebselen) and related compounds are inducers of interferon gamma (IFN-) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in human peripheral blood leukocytes. The IFN and TNF response was rapid, occurring within 20 h, and high-up to 1000 and 2000 units ml^–1-and was clearly related to the dosage and the structure of the compounds. The action of the compounds and phytohemagglutinin was synergistic. The IFN gamma and TNF production was reduced after removing adherent cells. Although the mode of action of the compounds is not known, they appear to interact directly or indirectly with both adherent and non-adherent leukocytes, and stimulate the synthesis of a set of different cytokines including factors controlling the cell proliferation. Therefore, organoselenides may be regarded as the biological response modifiers.