基于修正莫尔-库仑准则的围岩瞬态卸荷塑性变形分析

将卸荷视为动态过程,采用包含拉伸截断和帽盖模型的修正莫尔-库仑准则,对不同开挖形状和应力状态条件下围岩瞬态卸荷塑性区进行了分析.研究结果表明:瞬态卸荷可导致自由面附近产生塑性变形,造成围岩损伤弱化甚至破坏;拉伸应力是造成围岩动态卸荷破坏的重要因素;塑性变形随着埋深的增加而增大;最大压应力方向易于产生塑性变形,以拉伸变形为主,当初始应力满足一定条件时,最小压应力方向将产生严重压剪塑性变形;从卸荷的角度考虑,巷道断面曲率较大为宜,尽量避免直线形边界.     

Reverberatory activity in neuronal networks in vitro

It has been proposed that during cognitive processes, "online" memory traces in the brain are carried by reverberatory activity in neuronal circuits. However, the nature of such reverberation has remained elusive from experimental studies, largely due to the enormous complexity of intact circuits. Recent works have attempted to address this issue using cultured neuronal network and have revealed new dynamic properties of network reverberation as well as the underlying cellular mechanisms. These results demo...     

In-situ observation on the deformation behaviors of Fe-Mn-C TWIP steel

The microstructure and crack behaviour of twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) steel during tensile deformation was investigated with in-situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that there are two modes of plastic deformation during tensile test in the Fe-Mn-C TWIP steel: dislocation gliding and deformation twins. During the process of tensile deformation, secondary deformed twins are found. Inclusions have played a role in the course of ductile fracture, and microcracks initiate from inclusions and twin-twin intersections.     

Self-organization model on receptive field of neuron with asymmetric time window of synaptic modification

The spatial-temporal response properties of some simple neurons in visual pathway arise basically prior to birth. In the absence of visual experience, how do these neurons develop in visual system? Based on Wimbauer network with delay, a four-layer feed-forward network model is proposed, which is characterized by modifying the Hebb learning rule through introducing the asymmetric time window of synaptic modification found recently in neurobiology. The model can not only generate by self-organization more diversified spatial-temporal response characteristics of neuronal receptive field than earlier models but also provide some explanations for the possible mechanism underlying the development of receptive fields of contrast polarity sensitive neurons found in visual system of vertebrate. Thus the proposed model may be more widely applicable than Linsker model and Wimbauer model.     

有埋深无体积质量的黏性土地基极限承载力的直接求解

对于有埋深无体积质量黏性土地基极限承载力的求解,目前大多数土力学的书籍中都是先假定滑移面然后用静力平衡的方法求解,这样的求解过程是不精确的.利用Coulomb-Mohr屈服准则,基于R.希尔调和挤出图,采用了塑性力学滑移线的方法求解,得到了相同的结论,但是推导过程却大为简化.     

脑机接口在康复医疗领域的应用研究综述

脑机接口(brain-computer interface,BCI)是在大脑与外部设备之间建立的不依赖于常规大脑信息输出通路(外周神经和肌肉组织)的一种人机交互技术,为肌肉或神经末稍受损的患者提供新的人机交互手段.作为智能康复机器人研究的方向之一,BCI在康复治疗和运动辅助中具有重要的研究价值,并在神经康复、功能假体辅...     

Chronic sensory denervation reduces thrombin-stimulated endothelin release from aortic endothelial cells

The long-term (trophic) influence of perivascular nerves on the endothelium was investigated by measuring changes in thrombin-stimulated release of the potent vasoconstrictor, endothelin, after selective chronic denervation. Rat pups were treated with either guanethidine or capsaicin to destroy sympathetic or sensory nerves, respectively. The abdominal aortas from the rats at three months of age (5 pooled per experiment) were incubated with 4U thrombin/ml in medium for 24 h at 37°C, and the amount of endothelin released from the preparation determined by immunoassay. After neonatal sensory denervation there was a significant reduction in the thrombinstimulated release of endothelin compared to the controls (0.012±0.012 (4) compared to 0.063±0.012 (6), pmol/cm²/24 h, p<0.02). There was no change in endothelin release after sympathetic denervation. In summary, sensory nerves play a trophic role in the expression of endothelin in endothelial cells of the intima.     

混凝土施工中裂缝产生原因分析及防治

裂缝在施工中常见的为温度裂缝、收缩裂缝、沉陷裂缝等，依据混凝土特性及施工工艺方法加以防治的技术要求必须十分规范，施工操作必须严格。     

大鼠海马结构内一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元在学习记忆时的形态学观察

用还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸黄递酶（ＮＡＤＰＨ－ｄｉａｐｈｏｒａｓｅ）组织化学方法，检测空间辩别性学习记忆模型大鼠和对照大鼠的海马结构内一氧化氮合酶（ＮＯＳ）的活性，阳性细胞的分布、形态和数量等形态学指标．结果：（１）模型大鼠海马结构内ＮＯＳ阳性神经元的酶反应产物比对照大鼠的明显减少；（２）模型大鼠和对照大鼠海马结构内ＮＯＳ阳性神经元的分布未见组间差异，但均显示出明显的区间差异，即从ＣＡ４区向ＣＡ１区逐渐增多；（３）模型大鼠和对照大鼠海马结构内的ＮＯＳ阳性神经元的数量显示出明显的组间差异，即模型组比对照组的明显减少；（４）模型大鼠和对照大鼠海马结构内的ＮＯＳ阳性神经元形态主要有锥体形、颗粒形和纺锤形三种，但未见组间差异．据此，可认为大鼠海马结构内ＮＯＳ阳性神经元在空间辨别性学习记忆活动时发生了形态学可塑性．它提示一氧化氮可能作为信使参与信息的传递