A statistical method for genetic mapping of sterility genes that exhibit epistasis in remote hybridization of plants using molecular markers in an F2 population

Estimation of the position and effect of sterility genes is an important problem to be solved to understand the sterility mechanism in remote hybridization in plants.In this study,a maximum likelihood (ML) method was used for estimation of the position and effect of sterility genes that exhibit epistasis in an F 2 population using the distorted segregation of markers.The ML solutions for recombination fraction and viability were obtained via an expectation-maximization algorithm.The results of Monte Carlo simulations showed that the estimates of recombination fraction and viability were consistent with their true values.The bias and standard deviation of parameters indicated that a larger sample size,closer linkage and lower viability of sterile genes led to better estimates of the parameters involved.A subset of marker data of the F 2 population derived from a single cross between the rice japonica cultivar Nipponbare and the indica cultivar Kasalath was analyzed using this method.Eight sterility genes were identified on chromosomes 1,3,6,8 and 10,and significant epistasis was detected among four pairs of sterility genes.     

植物细胞质雄性不育分子机理研究

本文综述了植物细胞质雄性不育分子机理的研究进展。主要介绍了植物线粒体DNA、线粒体RNA和线粒体蛋白质与细胞质雄性不育的关系,同时对植物叶绿体及核质互作与细胞质雄性不育的关系进行了综述,并对今后的研究前景进行了展望。     

Breeding double low super hybrids with dominant genic male sterility three lines in Brassica napus

A double low homozygous two-type sterile line ZY-2AB, its near-isogenic temporary maintainer line ZY-4, and the full sterile line ZY-3 derived from the cross of ZY-2A with ZY-4, were developed to breed three-line dominant GMS hybrid in Brassica napus. Three years data showed that the ratios of sterile and fertile plants fit the expected 1 ： 1 ratio in ZY-2AB, and the 1：0 ratio in ZY-3, respectively. Some double low super hybrid combinations were screened out when the full sterile line ZY-3 was used as female parent, among which the combination 01Z24 increased 36.88 percent more yield than control and the conbination 98Z131 has been passed through the Sichuan Provincial Regional Test and registered in Sichuan Province. Two years data showed that the agronomic performance of the two-line hybrids derived from crosses of ZY-2A with restorer lines versus that of the three-line hybrids produced by ZY-3 was not different for any of the nine most important agronomic characteristics, revealing that near-isogenic line of homozygous two-type line was used as temporary maintainer could effectively avoid the disadvantage of threeway cross hybrid in breeding three-line dominant GMS hybrid.     

花粉壁发育研究进展

在被子植物中,花粉壁是雄性配子体表面包裹的一层致密物质,在抵御各种环境压力或微生物的侵袭,以及授粉时细胞的识别等方面具有重要作用。花粉壁由花粉内壁和花粉外壁所组成,其中外壁又分为外壁外层和外壁内层。花粉外壁的物质直接来源于绒毡层细胞,外壁的沉积模式是由初生外壁决定,而花粉内壁由小孢子自身控制。近年来在模式植物拟南芥中,人们克隆了许多与花粉外壁形成相关的基因,这些基因的突变往往会导致植株雄性不育的表型。这些基因涉及到绒毡层发育的调控,孢粉素的生物合成与运输,以及胼胝质壁和初生外壁的形成。笔者对这些基因的功能与花粉壁发育的关系进行介绍。     

宫腔镜与腹腔镜联合诊治女性不孕症103例临床分析

目的：探讨宫腔镜与腹腔镜联合诊治女性不孕症的临床应用价值。方法：通过宫腔镜、腹腔镜下行手术分离粘连、输卵管伞端成形术,腹腔镜监视下输卵管插管通液术、卵巢囊肿剥离、卵巢楔形切除术,随访2年,观察妊娠情况。结果：随访87例中,42例妊娠,其中36例为宫内妊娠,6例为宫外妊娠,妊娠率48．3％。结论：宫腔镜、腹腔镜联合诊治术是女性不孕症的有效诊疗方法。     

玉米胞质雄性不育分类研究进展

综述了玉米胞质雄性不育分类研究进展,分析了各种分类方法的特点,提出了根据研究条件、目的,灵活、综合运用胞质分类方法的建议,并对胞质分类进行了展望.     

Analysis of IGF2 mRNA expression and its methylation status between cattle yaks and their parents

s irrelevant to the lower expression of IGF2 in cattle yaks;other factors perhaps play roles in its expression.     

油菜雄性不育系160S育性转换中保护酶活性变化

以温度敏感型甘蓝型油莱雄性不育系160S为试验材料,并以可育油菜31C为对照,对160S育性转换过程中叶片和花药保护性酶的活性等进行了研究,研究中测定了160S在育性转换温度敏感时期超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)等抗氧化酶活性以及丙二醛(MDA)含量....     

犏牛精母细胞联会复合体与雄性不育关系的研究

采用界面铺展硝酸银染色技术，研究了公犏牛的精母细胞联合复合体（ｓｙｎａｐｔｏｎｅｍａｌｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ，ＳＣ），结果表明：（１）在减数分裂过程中仅有少数精母的常染色体能形成ＳＣ结构，Ｘ、Ｙ染色体轴 围虽积聚有许多微小的深色颗粒状物质，但未见Ｘ、Ｙ染色体的明显联会（２）在常染色体的联会中，有较多的三价体、插入环等联会异常现象；（３）常染色体ＳＣ相对长度与体细胞染色体的相对长度间有显著相关性（Ｒ＝０９６