基于复合稀疏去噪的沙漠地震噪声消减

沙漠地震噪声既含有低频噪声又含有高斯白噪声,一般方法很难同时去除这两种噪声,针对此问题提出了使用复合稀疏去噪同时压制沙漠地震噪声中的低频噪声和高斯白噪声的方法。在复合稀疏去噪中将平方损失作为损失函数的保真度约束,将信号和信号一阶导数的 L1 范数作为损失函数的稀疏约束,然后通过最小化损失函数去除信号中的高斯白噪声。为同时去除低频噪声,复合稀疏去噪中联合使用了低通滤波器,即可一次性去除低频噪声和高斯白噪声。分别对模拟地震数据和实际地震数据进行仿真实验,实验表明该方法可有效地同时压制沙漠地震数据中的低频噪声和高斯白噪声,复合稀疏去噪的保幅略好于带通滤波器,去噪后带通滤波器会产生较严重失真,而复合稀疏去噪的失真较小。     

基于RGB通道下模糊核估计的图像去模糊

图像去模糊旨在从受损图像中恢复出清晰图像。由于模糊过程未知,精确地估计出模糊核函数,成为得到清晰复原图像的关键。对于彩色图像来讲,现存的方法只考虑在灰度域估计模糊核。事实上,各个通道的色彩分量图所受到的模糊核函数的影响是不同的。为此,提出一种获得更加精确的模糊核的方法,利用彩色图像的3个色彩通道(RGB channels)代替灰度域分别进行模糊核估计,并将估计出的模糊核应用到基于细稀疏表示的复原模型中进行去模糊处理。仿真实验表明,提出的方法比目前的方法能够获得更好的图像复原效果。     

基于稀疏转稠密机制的仿射不变特征匹配算法

提出一种基于稀疏、稠密特征转换的仿射不变特征匹配算法,其中稀疏特征包括坐标,尺度,仿射模拟参数等,稠密特征指基于图像局部区域内光学属性的局部描述符.本文算法在Affine-SIFT算法基础之上,针对在特征提取阶段仅使用稀疏特征提取的缺陷做出了改进.由于稠密信息只有在稀疏参数满一定足检测条件时才能提取到特征,导致本可以匹配到的特征(包括稀疏、稠密参数)无法提取,将通过使用稀疏特征构造新的模拟图像,通过将稀疏特征重新稠密化,并在模拟图像基础上进一步提取稀疏特征,同时可检测到原始图像中检测不到的可匹配特征,最终达到增大特征建立匹配的概率,提升正确匹配数量的目标.经实验验证,本文提出的稀密特征转换算法相比于ASIFT算法能大量增加特征匹配的数量.除针对ASIFT方法提供扩展外,该方法也可用于扩展具有充分稀疏特征参数的其它特征提取和匹配方法,并适用于目标识别、目标分类和三维重建等问题.     

Inconsistent idealizations and inferentialism about scientific representation

Inferentialists about scientific representation hold that an apparatus's representing a target system consists in the apparatus allowing “surrogative inferences” about the target. I argue that a serious problem for inferentialism arises from the fact that many scientific theories and models contain internal inconsistencies. Inferentialism, left unamended, implies that inconsistent scientific models have unlimited representational power, since an inconsistency permits any conclusion to be inferred. I consider a number of ways that inferentialists can respond to this challenge before suggesting my own solution. I develop an analogy to exploitable glitches in a game. Even though inconsistent representational apparatuses may in some sense allow for contradictions to be generated within them, doing so violates the intended function of the apparatus's parts and hence violates representational “gameplay”.     

完全模糊线性规划及其近似计算

在扩充LR-模糊数定义的基础上,讨论了完全模糊约束条件的近似表示和转化定理;在新的模糊数序关系下,将完全模糊线性规划问题直接转化为分明的线性规划进行求解;与已有的结果进行了比较,并给出了算例.     

基于贝叶斯方法的Meta-分析

本文基于贝叶斯Meta-分析给出了Jeffreys无信息先验B(1/2,1/2)时的链接分布,并将其进行推广,给出了先验分布为B(α,β)时的链接分布。     

基于卷积神经网络和稀疏滤波的调制识别方法

针对当前通信系统所采用的主要调制方式,提出了一种基于卷积神经网络和稀疏滤波的调制识别方法。首先,分析了利用信号循环谱二维灰度图进行通信信号调制识别的可行性;然后,通过降采样和裁剪技术对循环谱图预处理;最后,设计了深度卷积神经网络架构,并提出了稀疏滤波预训练的方法。仿真结果表明:相比于经典的基于深度学习的调制识别方法,该方法模型简单,优化量少,且在小样本场景下性能最佳,具有很高应用价值。     

核稀疏概念编码算法及在图像表示中的应用

稀疏编码算法是一种常用的图像数据表示方法.为了处理高度非线性分布的数据,文中提出了一种核稀疏概念编码算法,并应用于图像表示.该算法首先对邻域图进行谱分析,提取数据的几何流形结构信息;然后将原始特征空间数据映射到高维特征空间中,利用谱回归在高维特征空间中来计算基向量;最后在高维特征空间中对每个样本逐个进行表示.文中算法不仅能有效地处理非线性结构数据,而且只需求解一个稀疏特征值问题和两个回归问题,计算简单有效.在Yale、ORL和PIE图像库的聚类实验表明,文中算法的准确率和归一化互信息均优于其它几种对比算法.     

Underdetermined DOA estimation and blind separation of non-disjoint sources in time-frequency domain based on sparse representation method

This paper deals with the blind separation of nonstation-ary sources and direction-of-arrival （DOA） estimation in the under-determined case, when there are more sources than sensors. We assume the sources to be time-frequency （TF） disjoint to a certain extent. In particular, the number of sources presented at any TF neighborhood is strictly less than that of sensors. We can identify the real number of active sources and achieve separation in any TF neighborhood by the sparse representation method. Compared with the subspace-based algorithm under the same sparseness assumption, which suffers from the extra noise effect since it can-not estimate the true number of active sources, the proposed algorithm can estimate the number of active sources and their cor-responding TF values in any TF neighborhood simultaneously. An-other contribution of this paper is a new estimation procedure for the DOA of sources in the underdetermined case, which combines the TF sparseness of sources and the clustering technique. Sim-ulation results demonstrate the validity and high performance of the proposed algorithm in both blind source separation （BSS） and DOA estimation.     

Image separation using wavelet-complex shearlet dictionary

This paper presents a new method for image separation through employing a combined dictionary consisting of wavelets and complex shearlets. Because the combined dictionary sparsely represents points and curvilinear singularities respectively, the image can be decomposed into pointlike and curvelike parts as accurate as possible. The proposed method based on the geo- metric separation theory introduced by Donoho in 2005 shows that accurate geometric separation of the morphologically distinct fea- tures of points and curves can be achieved by l1 minimization. The experimental results show that the proposed method can not only be effective but also greatly reduce the computing time.