先天性视网膜变性大鼠视网膜内核层的变性

目的证实先天性视网膜变性(RCS)大鼠视网膜内核层存在神经原变性.方法使用出生后第18,20,28,35,42,45,56,60,70和100d的RCS大鼠视网膜和正常SD大鼠比较,利用视网膜内核层细胞标记物抗Calbindin,PKC和Calretinin血清,经免疫组化方法分别标记水平细胞、杆双极细胞及无长突细胞,并统计这三种细胞的数目.结果和正常SD大鼠视网膜比较,RCS大鼠从18～20d开始视网膜变性,除了外核层细胞死亡,内核层细胞也有不同程度的丢失,并表现为浓染或水肿.统计结果表明,内核层水平细胞数目从出生后60d开始减少,杆双极细胞在出生后20d即数目已减少,但可保持至100d才有进一步减少,无长突细胞虽然在出生后20～35 d数目明显减少,但可一直保持这个水平.结论RCS大鼠视网膜内核层细胞存在神经原变性,水平细胞、杆双极细胞、无长突细胞发生损失的时间不同,反映了中继神经原变性很可能是这些细胞变性的机理.     

大鼠生精小管组织结构增龄变化的研究

比较观察了从出生到生后 1 2月龄大鼠睾丸生精小管在生长发育过程中组织结构的变化 ,结果发现 :1 .生精小管平均横切面面积从出生到生后 6月龄迅速增大 ,从生后 1 0月龄到生后 1 2月龄生精小管平均横切面面积逐渐减小 ;2 .生精小管平均横切单位面积内精原细胞数量从出生到生后 6月龄迅速减少 ,从生后1 0月龄到生后 1 2月龄略有增加     

Influence of magnetic field on nitric oxide and neuropeptide Y in rat adrenal gland

We have investigated the effects of magnetic fields on nitric acid (NO) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) on adrenal glands of the rat using NO nitric acid reductase-spectrophotometry ↭d histochemistry techniques. We found that all cellular layers of the adrenal cortex, including zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata and zona reticularis were stained by NADPH-d, and some chromaffin cells of the medulla were positive for NPY. Furthermore, magnetic fields increased NO so strongly that high NO levels could be maintained for several hours, as well as some neuroganglion cells in medulla that were double-stained for NPY and NADPH-d. Our data showed that the magnetic field can regulate endocrine and neuroendocrine directly by some action on parenchyma cells, or indirectly by action to NO-ergic, NPY-ergic neurons in the adrenal gland.     

Sperm antigen MSH27 participates in sperm-egg membrane fusion

A monoclonal antibody (mAb), MSH27 has been selected from an mAb library which has been prepared with separated mouse sperm heads as antigens. Three aspects of evidence indicated that the MSH27 antigen was involved in the process of sperm-egg membrane fusion. After the acrosome reaction, the antigen was located at sperm equatorial segment and in postacrosomal area, where, it was widely accepted, the sperm-egg membrane fusion initially occurred. In in vitro fertilization, the MSH27 antibody could decrease the index of sperm-egg membrane fusion, but made no effects on sperm approaching and binding to the plasma membrane of eggs. The inhibition showed an antibody concentration-dependent manner, with a rate decrease of 90% at 600 μg/mL immuno-globulin lgM. Furthermore, the antigen was able to affect the sperm-egg membrane fusion directly. The fusion index was obviously reduced after the zona-free eggs were exposed to the antigen purified by immuno-affinity chromatography. These, all together, demonstrated that the MSH27 antigen played an important role in sperm-egg membrane fusion.     

Glucose-induced Ca2+ signals in rat pancreatic β cells

Using microfluorometry to assay intracellular Ca2+ , the influences of varied factors on glucose induced Ca22+ signals, such as glucose-induced initial decline phase (GIDP), Ca2+ oscillation, and Ca2+ release from internal stores, were investigated in single rat pancreatic β cells. Glucose was able to evoke GIDP even at non-stimulus concentration (5 mol/L), which is insufficient to induce Ca2+ spikes. GIDP was dependent on neither membrane depo larization nor extraeellular Ca2+ . However, GIDP was inhibited by thapsigargin, indicating a dependence on Ca2+ up take by Ca22+ stores. The glucose-induced calcium oscillation was inhibited when external Ca2+ was removed. However, thapsigargin could not block the Ca2+ oscillation. These results suggest that maintenance of Ca22+ oscillation requires ex tracellular Ca2+ but not Ca2+ stores. Glucose was able to evoke Ca2+ signals even in the absence of external Ca2+ . The glucose-induced Ca2+ release from intracellular Ca2+ stores was blocked by TTX. However, TTX had no effect on high K--induced Ca2+ store release, suggesting that membrane depolarization can directly release Ca2+ from some internal Ca2+ stores in β cells.     

快速全血凝集试验在中国不同人群HBsAg检测中的应用

为了评价本实验室建立的快速全血凝集法检测HBsAg的效果,检测了河北省不同人群534份全血样品,得到了满意结果.来自不同人群的369份样品(其中62份来自乙肝患者,180份来自献血者,127份来自正常人群),经快速全血凝集法和国家认证的市售ELISA试剂盒平行检测后,总符合率为96.7%,灵敏度为90.99%,特异性为98.7%.乙肝患者、献血者和正常人群中阳性率分别为52.6%,4.3%和8.9%.实验结果说明快速全血凝集法不仅简单快速、不需要特殊设备,而且具有高的敏感性和特异性,因此它可以广泛应用于基层卫生机构和临床HBsAg的检测,尤其适用于病人的床边诊断.     

通过调节免疫系统功能治疗癌症

摘要: 目前,对癌症的治疗除采取手术和化疗方法外,还没有发现可靠的治疗方法。科学研究表明,CTLA－4 和 PD－1是体内的两种蛋白,他们能抑制免疫系统发挥免疫攻击能力,从而导致肿瘤的形成。通过针对这两种蛋白制 备的单克隆抗体,可以破坏他们的抑制作用从而激活免疫系统,发挥抗肿瘤生长作用。此外,通过对 T 细胞进行基 因修饰可以使其将肿瘤细胞作为靶细胞。这种免疫疗法可被用于癌症的治疗并且已经取得了初步的成功。本文对以上两种方法的基本情况作了简要论述。为该领域的研究实践提供一定的参考。     

H-1 细小病毒感染大鼠神经胶质瘤细胞C6 机制的初步探讨

摘要: 目的探讨H-1 细小病毒感染大鼠神经胶质瘤细胞C6 后细胞因子水平的变化。方法取感染C6 细胞后不同时间点的H-1 细小病毒,同时取相同时间点的正常C6 细胞,采用ELISA 方法检测同时检测TNFα、IL-6、TGF-β1和IL-17A 的表达水平。结果正常C6 细胞中TNF-α、TGF-β1 和IL-17A 的浓度随培养时间增长而提高, IL-6 浓度无明显变化; H-1 细小病毒感染的C6 细胞中TNF-α、TGF-β1 和IL-17A 浓度无明显变化,而IL-6 浓度随感染时间推移而显著增加。结论H-1 细小病毒感染导致C6 细胞中细胞因子表达水平的变化。     

大鼠背根神经节神经元的分离方法及电生理特征探讨

在获取大鼠背根神经节神经元后,全细胞膜片钳技术记录动作电位和钠电流,探讨大鼠背根神经节细胞的分离方法和细胞形态以及电生理特征.结果显示,本实验能得到完整圆形或椭圆长条形的大鼠背根神经节体.正常的单个背根神经节神经元呈圆形或椭圆形,大小不等,胞膜清晰,折光性好,隐约可见细胞核.在背根神经节细胞上记录的动作电位呈正立锐角三角形,静息电位小,动作电位时程短.背根神经节神经元的钠通道最大电流密度为(-62.04±4.45)pA/pF,几乎能被河豚毒素(TTX)完全抑制.本实验分离方法简单易行,背根神经节神经元容易获得和辨认,电生理特征明确,适用于神经系统疾病的电生理特征研究和治疗药物观察.     

甲肝病毒单克隆抗体的研制与应用

本研究成功制备了抗甲肝病毒 (HAV)McAb ,为甲肝研究和诊断提供了大量高效价标准化抗体 .用细胞培养的NJ 3株HAV免疫Balb/c小鼠 ,经细胞融合技术、IFA筛选和有限稀释克隆 ,建立了 5株能稳定分泌抗HAVMcAb的杂交瘤细胞 .经鉴定 ,其上清和腹水的抗体效价分别为 0 5× 10 2 ～ 1× 10 3及 1× 10 3～ 2× 10 5.用免疫印迹法和间接ELISA分析 ,这 5株抗体分别能与HAV的 3个抗原位点结合 .在HAAg检测中 ,McAb的应用简化了操作步骤