分离纯化猪甲状腺球蛋白的简便方法

应用硫酸铵分级沉淀,经两次Scphadcx G-100凝胶过滤,从猪甲腺中获得较纯的甲状腺球蛋白。纯化的甲状腺球蛋白经生物活性测定和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测,结果与标准的猪甲状腺球蛋白性质相一致。     

极化曲线在电有机合成中的应用

本文以电解氧化2,5-二甲基呋喃和对丙烯基苯甲醚为实例,阐明如何分析所测得的极化曲线,怎样从极化曲线来确定有关的实验条件。实验证明,这是一种快速而有效的方法。     

Structure and function of a calmodulin-dependent smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase

Summary In smooth muscle the M_r 20,000 light chain of myosin is phosphorylated by a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. It consists of 2 subunits: calmodulin, an acidic protein of M_r 17,000 that binds 4 moles of Ca²⁺; and a larger protein of M_r circa 130,000. Activation of the kinase is dependent upon their association in the presence of Ca²⁺. Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation of the myosin light chain kinase occurs at 2 sites. It decreases the affinity of the kinase for calmodulin and a reduction in the rate of light chain phosphorylation occurs. The kinase has an overall asymmetric shape composed of a globular head and tail region for the skeletal muscle enzyme. Trypsin digestion of this kinase releases a fragment of M_r 36,000 from the globular region that contains the catalytic and calmodulin binding sites. Chymotrypsin digestion of the kinase from smooth muscle generates a fragment of M_r 80,000 that does not contain the calmodulin binding or cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation sites. It is a Ca²⁺-independent form of the kinase that phosphorylates the light chain of myosin. These structural features indicate a regulatory role for the kinase in smooth muscle phosphorylation and contraction.     

The oak processionary caterpillar (Thaumetopoea processionea L.) an urticating caterpillar related to the pine processionary caterpillar (Thaumetopoea pityocampa Schiff.) (Lepidoptera,Thaumetopoeidae)

Summary The hairs ofThaumetopoea processionea caterpillars (Lepidoptera) provoke a cutaneous reaction in man and animals. The urticating apparatus, the urticating gland which produces hairs, and the urticating hairs, are similar to those of theT. pityocampa caterpillar. The irritant fraction extracted from hairs contains soluble proteins; one of these shows immunological identity with thaumetopoein, the urticating protein of theTh. pityocampa caterpillar. This thaumetopoein-like protein is currently undergoing isolation and will be subjected to dermatological tests.     

The phorbol ester TPA induces metamorphosis in Red Sea coral planulae (Cnidaria: Anthozoa)

Controlled experiments on the metamorphosis of marine invertebrate larvae require artificial inducers. These inducers can be used for studying the involvement of known signal transduction pathways in settlement and metamorphosis. The ability of the tumor-promoting phorbol ester TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) to induce metamorphosis in planulae of the Red Sea soft coral speciesHeteroxenia fuscescens, Xenia umbellata, Dendronephthya hemprichii, Litophyton arboreum andParerythropodium fulvum fulvum, and the stony coralStylophora pistillata, was examined by using various concentrations of TPA. The chemical induced metamorphosis in all six species. The effect was unspecific and concentration-related. For all the corals except forX. umbellata the highest mean percentages of metamorphosis were obtained with 8.1×10^–7–10^–9 M TPA. ForX. umbellata, the percentage of metamorphosis was lower, and was obtained within a wider TPA concentration range. The present results, along with previous studies on Hydrozoa and Scyphozoa, demonstrate that TPA is the first common artificial inducer for these classes of Cnidaria. TPA is known to activate the enzyme protein kinase C (PKC) and therefore plays an important role in studying the phosphatidylinositol signal transduction system. Evidence for the involvement of this pathway in triggering metamorphosis has already been reported for Hydrozoa and Scyphozoa. Our results suggest that PKC is also involved in initiating metamorphosis in Anthozoa.     

In vitro systems in the study of peroxisomal protein import

Our level of understanding of peroxisome biogenesis in comparison with other cellular organelles is rudimentary, yet the fragments of information available indicate that the targeting and import of peroxisomal proteins occur by fundamentally different mechanisms. Genetic studies have identified a number of genes required for peroxisome assembly, but in most cases the functions of the gene products remain unknown. In vitro protein translocation systems have played a prominent role in unravelling the biochemistry of protein translocation into other organelles. This review considers some of the requirements for establishing a bona fide peroxisomal import assay and discusses the findings which have emerged as a result of using such experimental systems.     

添加氨基酸降低肉用仔鸡日粮中部分蛋白质水平可行性研究

试验设置对照、赖、蛋、赖＋蛋氨酸４个体系，除对照体系设置１个对照组外，根据氨基酸添加量，赖、蛋、赖＋蛋氨酸体系分别设置３、３、２个水平组，共９个组。试验各组均在对照组基础上取代２．０％日粮粗蛋白质。试验鸡为ＡＡ鸡商品代，分０－４、５－８周两期，根据增重、饲料报酬、成活率、经济效益等指标综合评定试验结果。结果表明：在本试验设置范围内，添加赖、蛋、赖＋蛋氨酸均可以替代日粮中部分粗蛋白，饲料报酬和经济效     

Cytosolic factors in mitochondrial protein import

In vitro import studies have confirmed the participation of cytosolic protein factors in the import of various precursor proteins into mitochondria. The requirement for extramitochondrial adenosine triphosphate for the import of a group of precursor proteins seems to be correlated with the chaperone activity of the cytosolic protein factors. One of the cytosolic protein factors is hsp70, which generally recognizes and binds unfolded proteins in the cytoplasm. Hsp70 keeps the newly synthesized mitochondrial precursor proteins in import-competent unfolded conformations. Another cytosolic protein factor that has been characterized is mitochondrial import stimulation factor (MSF), which seems to be specific to mitochondrial precursor proteins. MSF recognizes the mitochondrial precursor proteins, forms a complex with them and targets them to the receptors on the outer surface of mitochondria.     

乙醇酸氧化酶底物诱导实验

乙醇酸氧化酶底物诱导实验徐杰（华南师范大学生物技术研究所广州５１０６３１）关键词乙醇酸氧化酶；底物诱导；６６ｋｕ蛋白中图分类号Ｑ９４６．５我们用改进后的方法，即粗蛋白在柱层析前加人适量的ＦＭＮ，硫酸铰质量分数分布范围改为１５％一２５％，其余按［１１纯...