A ground‐level ozone forecasting model for Santiago,Chile

A physically based model for ground‐level ozone forecasting is evaluated for Santiago, Chile. The model predicts the daily peak ozone concentration, with the daily rise of air temperature as input variable; weekends and rainy days appear as interventions. This model was used to analyse historical data, using the Linear Transfer Function/Finite Impulse Response (LTF/FIR) formalism; the Simultaneous Transfer Function (STF) method was used to analyse several monitoring stations together. Model evaluation showed a good forecasting performance across stations—for low and high ozone impacts—with power of detection (POD) values between 70 and 100%, Heidke's Skill Scores between 40% and 70% and low false alarm rates (FAR). The model consistently outperforms a pure persistence forecast. Model performance was not sensitive to different implementation options. The model performance degrades for two‐ and three‐days ahead forecast, but is still acceptable for the purpose of developing an environmental warning system at Santiago. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Forecasting trend output in the Euro area

This paper is an applied study about forecasting trend output and the output gap in the Euro area. The need for trend output forecasts is justified by an analysis of the monetary strategy of the European Central Bank. Trend output serves as a direct inflation indicator and helps to determine the reference value for money. For both purposes, trend output has to be forecasted. A permanent–transitory decomposition based on cointegration restrictions gives an estimate of trend output in the Euro area. Ex‐ante point forecasts of trend output are computed and bootstrap simulation is employed to construct prediction intervals that take estimation uncertainty into consideration. The uncertainty of trend output and the output gap is quite large and raises questions about their usefulness as indicators for monetary policy. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

减少化验次数的一个优化模型

依据数学理论证明在一定条件下，可以减少化验次数；并给出了选择方法；建立了一个减少化验次数的优化模型。     

Forecasting recessions using the yield curve

We compare forecasts of recessions using four different specifications of the probit model: a time invariant conditionally independent version; a business cycle specific conditionally independent model; a time invariant probit with autocorrelated errors; and a business cycle specific probit with autocorrelated errors. The more sophisticated versions of the model take into account some of the potential underlying causes of the documented predictive instability of the yield curve. We find strong evidence in favour of the more sophisticated specification, which allows for multiple breakpoints across business cycles and autocorrelation. We also develop a new approach to the construction of real time forecasting of recession probabilities. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

二维连续型随机变量和的分布的计算

本文给出一种较直观又简洁的计算二维连续型随机变量和函数分布的方法.     

随机利率场合下一类离散时间模型的破产概率

研究了带有随机利率的一个离散时间风险模型中的破产概率，得到了在通货膨胀和通货紧缩条件下关于破产概率的若干定性结果，所得结果推广了常数利率下经典模型的相应结果．     

双向及多点激发起爆网络可靠度分析

运用概率论和系统论的方法,对非电加强双向多回路网格式导爆管雷管爆破网络可靠度进行了分析计算,结果表明非电加强双向多回路网格式爆破网路的可靠度为 1,焦作电厂老厂主厂房爆破拆除时采用了非电加强双向多回路网格式爆破网路,一次起爆1.5 万个药包和 686 kg 炸药,成功地爆破拆除了 3 万多 m2 主厂房,取得了良好的经济、社会和安全效益。     

一种利用Markov性求解概率问题的方法

本文主要给出了Markov链的一些重要结论，同时利用它来处理一些使用初等方法难以解决的概率问题。     

基于Bayes准则的广义判别预报模式及其应用

根据Ｂａｙｅｓ准则,提出一种时间序列与多元分析相结合的广义判别模式．该模式既保留了时间序列线性模式的优点,同时又吸收了多元分析线性模式的长处．从气象状况演变的物理机制来看,这种综合考虑系统状况的方法比单纯考虑前期状态演变或单纯考虑某一时次的状态更有意义．     

条件概率与刚性近似下高分子链非格子模型的Monte Carlo模拟

探讨了采用高分子链的实际键长、键角、旋转异构态和无扰链时的条件概率逐个链段地生成样本高分子链进行真实链和受限链分子构象统计研究的可能性.并就无扰链、尾形链、真实链的情况与完全计算法、Flory矩阵方法进行了比较.结果表明:在刚性近似下,使用无扰态时的条件概率生成样本高分子链的Monte Carlo模拟,其样本库能真实地重现平衡态时受限链和真实链的构象分布,适用于受限链和真实链的构象统计研究.