All in the family: aldose reductase and closely related aldo-keto reductases

Aldose reductase catalyzes the first step in the polyol pathway and is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. In addition to polyol synthesis, aldose reductase may have multiple other activities that intersect with signal processing and oxidative defense mechanisms. Multiple aldose reductase-like proteins have been discovered to have structures and catalytic properties that broadly overlap those of aldose reductase. This chapter will summarize new insights into properties and functions of aldose reductase and closely related members of the aldo-keto reductase enzyme superfamily.     

唾液腺素、羧甲基壳聚糖、低分子壳聚糖对豚鼠齿龈炎的疗效

针刺豚鼠牙龈,并用１％正丁酸涂抹伤口引起炎症,分别用２％唾液腺素、２％羧甲基壳聚糖（ＣＭＣＴＳ）、２％低分子壳聚糖（ＬＭＣＴＳ）和蒸馏水涂抹伤口引起炎症研究对齿龈炎的疗效。结果表明：唾液腺素、羧甲基壳聚糖（ＣＭＣＴＳ）、低分子壳聚糖（ＬＭＣＴＳ）对齿龈炎都有一定程度的疗效。     

Expression of human erythropoietin directed by mWAP promoter in mammary gland of transgenic mice

The present work has generated transgenic mice with a hybrid gene construct consisting of genomic sequences encodinghuman erythropoietin (hEPO) and governed by regulatory sequences of mousewhey acidic protein (mWAP). The construct proved effective by transient expression in lactating animal. After introducing hybrid gene construct into single-cell embryo via pronuclear microinjection, surviving embryo are reimplanted into pseudopregnant foster mother mouse. 58 mice of 86 generation zero mice obtained were identified to be positive by PCR-Southern blot and genomic DNA Southern blot methods. The integration rate is 67%.hEPO was expressed in the milk of 16 mice of 39 mice measured byhEPO ELISA kit The expression level gets over 15 μg/mL.     

棉花腺体形成相关的miRNA差异表达研究

植物miRNAs在基因表达、生长、发育等方面有十分重要的作用．本实验以棉花显性无腺体近等基因系为材料,利用miRNA基因芯片杂交技术,分析与腺体形成相关的miRNA的差异表达．结果表明,棉花腺体形成期共有30个miRNA有差异表达,其中表达上调的miRNA有24个,分别属于miR156,miR157,miR166和miR390家族．表达下调的miRNA有6个,分别属于miR149,miR169,miR289,miR705,miR1224和miR1227家族．miRNA家族作用的靶基因分析发现主要分布在发育     

杂色鲍( Haliotis diversicolor Reeve) 消化腺细菌的初步研究

从正常杂色鲍（无病症,腹足吸附力强）的消化腺分离到5个细菌菌株：1－1－3,3－1－1,4－1－1,5－3－3,5－4－3。经VITEK－AMS－60自动鉴定系统鉴定,前4株均为溶藻弧菌（Vibrio alginolyticus）,后1株为恶臭假单胞菌（Pseudomonas putida)。溶藻弧菌4个菌在形态、生理生化鉴定上虽有差别,但基本上是一致的。5－4－3恶臭假单胞菌与其它4株 差别较大。溶藻弧菌4菌株对卡那霉素等12种药物敏感,对青霉素G等7种药物有耐受性,恶臭假单胞菌对卡那霉素等8种药物敏感,对青霉素G等15种药物有耐受性。     

养殖三龄暗纹东方性腺发育及其毒性

对三龄养殖暗纹东方Ｔｕｎ性腺发育情况进行了较全面观察与测量,同时对其卵巢和肝脏的毒性进行了检验,结果表明,养殖三龄暗纹东方Ｔｕｎ雌鱼和雄鱼性腺均发育到了第Ⅳ期,成熟系数在１９．８－２６．０之间。     

Ecdysteroids in vitro promote differentiation in the accessory glands of male mealworm beetles

Summary Physiological peak doses of 20-hydroxyecdysone were added to organ cultures of young pupal accessory glands of maleTenebrio molitor. During subsequent culture in vitro or in vivo, the glands accumulated adult-specific antigens. Control organ cultures showed no such antigen accumulation. In this system, ecdysteroid controls not only cell cycles but also differentiation.21 October 1986This research was supported in part by a National Institutes of Health Research Service Award F32 AM7515 (KAG) and NIH grants GM26140 and AI15662 (GMH). We thank Toshinobu Yaginuma for help in developing the transplantation technique.     

近红外乳腺扫描3000例分析

为评价近红外乳腺扫描诊断乳腺癌的意义 ,笔者选择了 30 0 0例乳腺患者应用近红外扫描诊断与病理诊断进行对照分析 .结果表明 :近红外扫描诊断乳腺癌的正确率为 95 .6 % .提示 :近红外乳腺扫描对良恶性肿物的鉴别诊断是一种行之有效的方法 ,具有安全、可靠、无损伤等特点 .     

双峰驼眼的解剖组织学

应用大体解剖学和组织学方法探讨中国西北、华北地区特有动物--双峰驼眼球及其附属器官的解剖组织学特点,为特有资源的保护和开发研究提供一定的理论依据.结果表明:双峰驼具有2～5行睫毛和双层眼睑.骨性眼眶夹角约为95～105°.眼肌有四条直肌、两条斜肌、一条上提睑肌和漏斗肌.双峰驼泪腺呈不规则三角形,角膜高度角质化,视网膜为典型的十层结构.双峰驼眼的主要结构与其他脊椎动物类似,在形态学特点和组织学结构方面与其生长的荒漠、半荒漠环境相适应.     

果蝇唾腺染色体四种染色方法的比较

分别用孚尔根染色法、卡宝品红染色法、孔雀绿染色法和苏木精染色法,对果蝇唾腺染色体进行染色,并对四种染色方法通过显微摄影进行对比,结果表明这四种染色方法各有优缺点,并不是每一种方法都普遍适用.从整个实验来看,卡宝品红染色法和孔雀绿染色法在这四种染色方法当中是较好的.在实验教学和科学观察中,实验者可以根据不同的目的选择不同的染色方法.