二聚体参与真核基因转录调节研究的新进展

本文对蛋白二聚体参与转录调节进行了综述，并较详细地阐述了Ｂ－Ｚｉｐ和Ｂ－ＨＬＨ蛋白的结构特点及功能。     

被子植物雌雄配子及其表膜特异蛋白研究进展

近年来．被子植物雌雄配子的细胞学与生物化学研究取得了一系列重要进展．包括精卵细胞分离纯化、活力保持与检测技术的建立、形态的构观察、生化特性分析及人工体外融合成功，等等．这些进展为创建体外受精操作系统及探讨受精识别机理提供了可能性．被子植物双受精过程存在多位点识别．有关配子水平识别的研究刚刚起步，主要是通过不同途径寻找雌雄配子表膜特异蛋白．其中质膜的纯度与数量问题亟待解决．     

日本沼虾表皮蛋白基因的克隆及表皮组织差异性表达分析

为探究日本沼虾表皮蛋白(Macrobrachium nipponense cuticle proteins,MnCPs)表达模式与表皮组织差异的关系,根据日本沼虾表皮组织转录组测序结果,从头胸甲中克隆到1个含几丁质结合-4(chitin_bind_4)结构域的表皮蛋白(cuticle proteins,CPs)基因,命名为MnCP-2,经BLAST检索,MnCP-2与远海梭子蟹(Portunus pelagicus,ABM54465.1)有50%的相似性.以健康幼虾(体长3.0~4.0cm)的头胸甲、尾扇、游泳足和步足4种厚度存在差异的表皮组织为材料,分别提取C期、D_(0-2)期、D_(3-4)期和A期的RNA,采用Real-time PCR技术,分析了MnCP-2在蜕皮周期不同阶段的相对表达量.结果显示,MnCP-2在头胸甲、尾扇和游泳足中表达水平的峰值出现在D_(3-4)期,而在步足中则出现在D_(0-2)期.提示MnCP-2编码的蛋白可能在新外表皮的形成中发挥重要作用,它在表皮组织不同部位的差异性表达可能是导致表皮结构差异的原因之一.     

果蝇NOMPC相互作用蛋白的筛选与鉴定

NOMPC是果蝇感受触觉的机械力敏感离子通道,属于瞬时受体电位(TRP)离子通道家族,机械力敏感离子通道通过怎样的机制被机械力激活?与NOMPC相互作用的蛋白有哪些?为了研究这些问题,本研究从果蝇NOMPC全长cDNA中扩增得到其N端的29个锚蛋白重复序列(ARs),ORF长度为3 039bp.然后将这29个ARs构建到表达载体pUAST-EGFP上,转染果蝇S2细胞后,通过免疫沉淀、质谱分析和Western blot筛选和鉴定NOMPC相互作用的蛋白,实验筛选出NOMPC N端的29ARs和NOMPC全长的相互作用蛋白,通过免疫共沉淀(Co-IP)实验,对可能与NOMPC存在相互作用的蛋白质进行验证,鉴定出Annexin B9、CG3195、CG3731、CG5374与NOMPC存在相互作用,为进一步研究NOMPC介导触觉转导的分子机制提供了基础.     

Interactions between HMG proteins (HMG1/2 and HMG14/17) and human ε-globin gene promoter (ε-promoter)

High mobility group (HMG) proteins are abundant non-histone proteins in the nuclei of eukaryocytes. It has been shown that HMG proteins may play important roles in the structure and function of chromatin. In the present study, thebinding of HMG proteins (HMG1/2 and HMG14/17) to the human ε-globin gene promoter (ε-promo- ter, -177-+1 bp) has been examined by using both the in vitro nucleosome reconstitution and the electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA). We found that HMG1/2 proteins could bind to the naked ε-promoter DNA, however, HMG14/17 could not. Using the in vitro nucleosome recons- titution, we revealed that HMG14/17 could bind to the mononucleosome reconstituted in vitro with ε-promoter,whi- le HMG1/2 could not. Those results indicate that the binding of HMG proteins to ε-promoter is dynamic as the nucleo- some assembling and disassembling. Wespeculated that this selective binding of HMG proteins to ε-promoter might playa critical role in the regulation of ε-globin gene expression.     

采用阶段处理和多菌种固态发酵玉米秸秆的研究

目的 采用阶段处理和多菌种固态发酵玉米秸杆，提高玉米秸杆的饲料营养价值。方法 利用氨化法和白腐真菌Lx对玉米秸秆进行前处理，将康宁木霉和选育出的高活性黑曲霉Sy，瘤胃细菌X4，酵母Y2，接种于前处理过的玉米秸杆上进行多菌种共发酵。由正交试验得出最适培养条件。结果 在发酵温度30℃，pH5，发酵9d后，粗蛋白含量达24．61％，粗纤维降解率为48．37％。结论 该法为利用玉米秸杆生产蛋白饲料提供了新途径。     

Regulatory mechanisms involved in modulating RGS function

Regulator of G-Protein Signaling (RGS) refers to a conserved 120–125 amino acid motif that was first identified by its ability to negatively regulate G-Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) signalling. Mechanistically, RGSs were found to regulate GPCR responses by binding to and stimulating the GTPase activity of the receptor-activated GTP-bound G α subunits. There are now over 25 mammalian RGSs containing proteins that are reported to carry out a variety of functions, many of which are unrelated to GPCR signalling. RGS proteins range in size from small proteins that contain little more than an RGS box to very large proteins that contain a variety of domains. The selectivity of function of the RGS proteins is attributable to the divergence of the RGS sequences as well as the presence of a variety of functional motifs, which allow them to interact with other proteins. Here we focus on the RGSs that are involved in modulating GPCR signalling by reviewing the diversity of the mechanisms involved in regulating these RGSs. Received 9 February 2006; received after revision 4 May 2006; accepted 22 May 2006     

肽泡的形态特征及其成膜蛋白的特性

小麦(Triticum aestivum)贮存蛋白经过纯化获得其中35kD一种蛋白质。该蛋白质在一定浓度的有机溶剂系统中经过超声波处理或搅拌,可以制成囊泡,并能包裹分子量从0.4～150kD的不同化合物(染料及抗体)。这种肽泡具有良好的稳定性,经低温冷冻干燥后,可成鳞片状,加水后复溶仍然保持肽泡的稳定性。这种特性称为DRV(Dehydration Rehydration Vesicles)性质。该蛋白质经修饰制定肽泡能包裹水溶性化合物,如水溶性染料,或不经修饰可包裹脂溶性化合物。这种蛋白质是由16种疏水性氨基酸残基组成,其N-末端为苯丙氨酸。