强迫症与焦虑症患者防御方式对照研究

目的比较强迫症与焦虑症患者的心理防御方式的特点异同。方法选取强迫症、焦虑症患者各60例，采用防御方式问卷（DSQ）对所有受试者进行评定。结果二组患者成熟型、中间型、不成熟型防御方式及掩饰因子得分差异无统计学意义，强迫症组患者潜意显现，退缩和解除三种防御方式得分高于焦虑症组（P〈0．05）其余防御方式得分二组间差异无统计学意义。结论强迫症与焦虑症患者均过渡使用中间型及不成熟型防御方式，同时强迫症患者较焦虑症患者更多使用潜意显现、退缩和解除方式来应对内心冲突。     

Allometry of mammalian cellular oxygen consumption

In the 1930s, Max Kleiber and Samuel Brody established that the interspecies correlation between mammalian body mass and metabolic rate (αM^0.75) cannot be explained (solely) by whole body surface area (αM^0.66) to volume ratios. Metabolic considerations must also be taken into account. Decreases in the proportion of visceral organ mass to whole body mass can account for some of the whole body metabolic differences. However, superimposed upon these anatomical differences, the metabolism of tissues and cells has been demonstrated to decrease with increasing body mass. These decreases in oxygen consumption rates (with increasing body mass) in cells and tissues can be explained by a decrease in ATP turnover and mitochondrial density and an increase in mitochondrial functional efficiency (decrease in proton leak). The majority of the proton leak differences reflect differences in mitochondrial inner membrane surface area. Indeed, liver metabolism correlates directly with liver mitochondrial inner membrane surface area. Apart from being a significant contributor (~25 %) to basal metabolism, mitochondrial proton leak is a major factor determining the differences in basal metabolism between mammals of different body mass. Received 31 May 2000; received after revision 2 October 2000; accepted 14 November 2000     

C-peptide fragments stimulate glucose utilization in diabetic rats

Studies of C-peptide cellular effects show that not only the full-length native peptide but also specific C-terminal fragments are biologically active in in vitro systems. In the present study, the effect of five C-peptide fragments and the native peptide on whole-body glucose turnover was studied in streptozotocin diabetic rats using the insulin clamp technique. Insulin was infused intravenously at 18 pmol kg^–1 min^–1 for 90 min and blood glucose concentration was clamped at 8 and 4 mM in diabetic and non-diabetic animals. A steady state was reached during the last 30 min of the study period. Rat C-peptide II and fragments comprising residues 27–31 and 28–31 were effective in augmenting glucose turnover in diabetic rats (+100% to 150%), while no significant effects were seen for segments 1–26, 11–19 and 11–15. The metabolic clearance rate for glucose during infusion of C-peptide or fragments 27–31 and 28–31 in diabetic rats was similar to that seen in non-diabetic animals. We conclude that C-terminal tetra- and pentapeptides, but not fragments from the middle segment of C-peptide, are as effective as the full-length peptide in stimulating whole-body glucose turnover in diabetic rats.Received 18 December 2003; received after revision 19 January 2004; accepted 21 January 2004     

1949年以前中医舌诊学术发展历程的探究

宋以前虽然有关于疾病中舌部症状的描述,但并没有形成舌诊.金代,舌苔异常被作为伤寒病中一个具有辨证意义的主症,奠定了舌诊的基础.元代出现的舌诊专著是为了证明当时的外感病新学说"火热论"而建立的诊断方法.但是,在很长一段时间内,研究舌诊的医家们却力图用已经成为外感病治疗模式的六经辨证来研究、发展舌诊.直到温病学派成熟,建立了卫气营血辨证的舌诊方法后,外感病舌诊才从六经辨证的束缚中解放出来.舌诊得以从诊断外感病扩展到诊断内伤病,理论环节是建立了舌的脏腑分部学说,技术环节是确立了舌色与脏腑、气血、津液之间的联系.这一学术转化在清末完成.清末与民国时期,舌诊被作为中西医汇通的典范,进行了较深入的研究.中西医汇通学派的研究对舌诊的推广和应用起到了十分重要的作用.     

重组毕氏酵母发酵过程的结构模型

分析了毕氏酵母（Pichia pastoris)以甘油和甲醇为碳源时的代谢途径，建立了胞内物质流和能量流的平衡方程－结构模型。经过适当的降维，解得比碳源消耗速率，比氧消耗速率，比乙酰辅酶A生成速率，细胞比生长速率等关键反应速率。结合反应器模型获得操作变量与过程状态变量间的关系。用实验数据对模型进行了初步验证。结果表明，该模型能较准确地描述细胞生长和重组蛋白合成过程。     

Analysis of regulatory architectures in BST

Based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA) theory, the optimal pathway of metabolic reaction networks in biochemical systems is studied. After calculating the mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model given by Bailey et al. twice, the decision making units (DMU) and the prediction model of DEA are constructed, where the inputs are levels of manipulated parameters (enzyme) and outputs are concentrations of metabolites. When the metabolic networks are reconstructed, the data are obtained by calculating MILP framework twice and the optimal levels of the manipulated parameter at different regular loops are predicted, thus simplifying the calculations of Bailey's.     

物理疗法干预睡眠障碍研究进展

物理疗法是干预睡眠、提高人群睡眠质量的重要手段。对物理因子中光、声、温度、振动、电磁场、压力刺激手段来改善睡眠的办法进行了综述：总结了各物理因子手段改善睡眠的效应和机制,介绍了基于物理因子治疗睡眠疾病的国内外研究进展和相关物理治疗仪器、设备。为制定科学合理的睡眠障碍物理疗治方案提供理论依据。     

青蒿素合成生物学及代谢工程研究进展

青蒿素生物合成途径仅见于青蒿, 但其"上游"途径为真核生物所共有, 可望通过"下游"途径重建, 在真核微生物(如酵母)中全合成青蒿素. 过去10 年来, 青蒿素合成基因被国内外研究团队陆续克隆并导入酿酒酵母细胞, 已成功合成青蒿酸及双氢青蒿酸等青蒿素前体. 由于酵母缺乏适宜的细胞环境, 尚不能将青蒿素前体转变成青蒿素. 因此, 青蒿依然是青蒿素的唯一来源, 凸显出继续开展青蒿种质遗传改良的必要性. 我国科学家采用"开源"或"节流"等策略,已相继培育出多种转基因青蒿植株或品系, 为实现青蒿素的高产、稳产奠定了坚实的基础. 同时, 青蒿素生物合成的限速步骤尤其是终端反应机制已基本得到阐明, 有助于开展青蒿素形成与积累的环境模拟及仿生, 从而为彻底缓解青蒿素的供求矛盾创造先机. 本文最后讨论了产青蒿素前体微生物专利的作用及中国避免这些专利壁垒的方法.     

免疫基因和代谢基因 在胃癌患者预后分析中的比较研究

胃癌是1种预后效果较差且预后分析涉及许多因素的恶性肿瘤,其中免疫基因和代谢基因都与胃癌的预后密切相关.首先利用LASSO回归构建预后风险评分模型,经过一系列的图表对比研究后发现利用免疫基因能更好的分析胃癌患者的生存状况,有较高的准确性(AUC=0.799).另外,通过寻找ROC曲线中的最佳截断值(cutoff=-0.0...     

头孢菌素C发酵过程代谢特性

考察了头孢菌素C的发酵过程特征,对发酵过程的重要生理参数DO、CER、OUR、RQ等进行了在线检测和相关分析,并分析了比生长速率和比产物生成速率的变化规律。在发酵过程中OUR、CER最高分别达到了90.2 m o l/(m3.h)和69.8 m o l/(m3.h),表明头孢菌素C发酵代谢强度很大,对氧的需求量也非常大。比产物生成速率在发酵60~100 h最高达到2.15 U/(h.g)(细胞干重)。同时分析了头孢菌素C发酵过程中甲硫氨酸代谢规律,表明维持培养基中一定浓度的甲硫氨酸对头孢菌素C的合成有促进作用。通过对三级发酵和四级发酵的比较,表明在现有的设备和工艺条件下,三级发酵生产头孢菌素C要优于四级发酵,同时通过控制发酵前期菌丝浓度可获得最大产素水平。