一个新质源大麦核质互作雄性不育系96f7A的选育及其遗传研究

报道了大麦核质互作型雄性不育系96f7A的选育过程及其形态特征和主要农艺性状,并研究了其雄性不育性状的遗传。结果表明,96f7A为二棱皮大麦,开颖开花,花药瘦小,不开裂,不散粉,不育彻底,农艺性状较好,其不育性状受1对隐性基因控制。该不育系的不育细胞质来自四川大麦地方品种,核不育基因由核品种的核可育基因天然隐性突变产生。     

栽培高粱叶绿体DNA的酶切片段分析

实验选取了具优良性状的高粱（Ｓｏｒｇｈｕｍｂｉｃｏｌｏｒ）４品种、两细胞雄性不育系,采用改进的高盐低ＰＨ值法对其叶绿体ＤＮＡ进行提取,纯化、限制性内切酶酶切分析。结果表明,改进的高盐低ＰＨ值法无论在ＤＮＡ的得主及质量上都有一定的提高,足以满足ＲＦＬＰ或其他酶切方法的需要;高粱栽培品种间的叶绿体ＤＮＡ变异很少,反映了各族间极其相近的亲缘关系,在可育胞质品种与胞雄性不育系的叶绿体ＤＮＡ之间明显存在两类     

Mapping of the nuclear fertility restorer gene for HL cytoplasmic male sterility in rice using microsatellite markers

Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) of a BC, population derived from Congguang 41A//Miyang 23/Congguang 41B was used to map the nuclear fertility restorer gene for Honglian (HL) cytoplasmic male sterility. One hundred and fifty-nine microsatellite primer pairs were screened for polymorphisms between the parents and between two bulks representing fertile and sterile plants. One microsatellite marker RM258 produced polymorphic products. The nuclear fertility restorer gene for HL cytoplasmic male sterility was mapped on chromosome 10, 7.8cM from RM258. The restorer gene may be clustered on chromosome.     

Restorable variation of cytoplasmic type of male sterile line in rice byin vitro culture

Rice male sterile (MS) lines, IR66707A and IR69700A, which possess the cytoplasm of Oryza perennis and O. glumaepatula respectively, belong to the cytoplasmic type. Their sterility could be maintained but not be restored. By somatic cell culture of these two MS lines, 47 somaclones with 465 R₁ plants were obtained. All of the 465 R₁ plants were sterile in the spring season in Guangzhou. According to the expression of the R₁ plants and the level of similarity to their donor parents, they could be divided into three types. The plants of type Ⅰ were male sterile. The sterility of some somaclones of this type could be restored by the test crossing varieties or alternated to fertile by changes of some environmental conditions. The hybrid F₁ of test cross from the MS somaclones in type Ⅰ was fertile while the hybrid F₁ from the donor MS lines was still sterile. The R₁ plants of type Ⅱ were similar to the donor parents and also male sterile. The hybrid F₁ from all of the plants of type Ⅱ crossed to test variety were still sterile, so they did not possess restorability. For the somaclone of type Ⅲ, all of R₁ plants were sterile in both male and female organs. No seed was set in both conditions of self and cross pollination. The fact that the restorable variants obtained in the cytoplasmic type of MS lines of rice by in vitro culture reported here should be the first sample in somaclonal variation in plant kingdom.     

浅谈云南壮剧生角形象的民族性特征

云南壮剧的生角形象已经基本形成了具有少数民族剧种独特的角色体制,特别是在塑造生角形象时,生角形象的民族性特征在音乐唱腔、语言、服饰、砌末道具等表演手段上都得到了充分的展示并存在着风格的多样性,具有浓郁的壮族特点,使得壮剧生角形象更加丰满鲜活,从而使云南壮剧在祖国戏曲百花园中更加绚丽多彩,独树一帜。     

中国优秀男子乒乓球运动员前三板技术分析

运用文献资料法、录象观察法、数据统计法等方法对29届奥运会中中国三名优秀男子乒乓球运动员前三板技术进行分析比较,阐述乒乓球运动前三板技术的特征,从而为中国运动员进一步提高前三板技术提供参考依据。     

遗传定位一个花粉发育相关的拟南芥新基因SPG1

通过EMS诱变获得一个拟南芥突变体shrunken pollen grain1,spg1.根据横切片的观察结果,与野生型相比较,突变体观察到异常的花粉粒.遗传学的实验表明:spg1突变现象由一个隐性的单基因控制.通过图位克隆的方法,spg1突变位点定位在3号染色体的分子标记3-AL138638-6632和3-AL353865-6814之间大约427kb的区间内.生物信息学的分析表明,在这个区间内没有任何已知的与育性相关的基因.以上结果说明SPG1是一个控制拟南芥雄性不育的新基因.     

不同培养密度条件下水蕨配子体叶绿素荧光特性的初步研究

以模式植物水蕨两性配子体和雄配子体为材料,研究了不同培养密度条件下蕨类植物配子体叶绿素荧光参数的差异,探讨了水蕨配子体光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)对不同培养密度的响应规律.结果表明:同一培养密度条件下水蕨两性配子体的ФPSⅡ、ETRPSⅡ、Fv/Fm和qP值都明显高于雄配子体,且差异显著,两者之间的qN值无显著差异.随着培养密度的增加,水蕨两性配子体的ФPSⅡ、ETRPSⅡ、qP和qN值随之减少,雄配子体的ФPSⅡ、ETRPSⅡ、qP和qN值先升高后降低,但无显著差异.综合分析各项荧光参数发现:水蕨两性配子体PSⅡ的活性相对比雄配子体高,两性配子体和雄配子体的光保护能力相似,100个孢子/mL的培养密度有利于水蕨雄配子体的生长.     

车架横梁成型模具凸模型面的精密加工

应用UG CAM进行自动编程,生成机床能识别的加工代码,通过在加工中心上对工件的一次定位、夹紧并自动加工,解决了车架横梁成型模具凸模型面加工精度难以保证的问题.