Lack of effect of antioxidant therapy during renal ischemia and reperfusion in dogs

Acute ischemic renal failure is of great clinical importance because of its frequent occurrence and the high mortality it causes. Recent observations indicate that reperfusion has its own dangers because of oxygenderived free radicals. To study this problem, ischemia was evoked in dogs in one kidney, by clamping the left renal artery for 45 min. This was followed by a 90-min period of reperfusion when diuresis, GFR, PAH clearance and sodium and potassium excretion were studied. Besides a control group (n=6), the following treatment groups were investigated. Allopurinol (n=7): 50 mg/kg for two days p.o. and 50 mg/kg in physiological saline infusion during the experiment; a small dose of SOD (n=6): 0.5 mg/kg in infusion, started 1 min before reperfusion and given continuously for 10 min; and a high dose of SOD (n=7): 5 mg/kg as above. In the first 15 min following reperfusion, the renal functions significantly worsened in all groups. Later on, the renal functions gradually improved and in the last period after reperfusion, GFR in the ischemic kidney was 64%, cPAH 59%, diuresis 60% and sodium and potassium excretion were 65% and 76%, respectively, of the basal values in the control group.Treatment with free radical scavengers did not cause any considerable changes in the renal functions. In some respects, the worst results were observed with low-level SOD treatment (cPAH, diuresis, as well as sodium and potassium excretion).At the end of reperfusion, there was a significant drop in sodium excretion by the right (intact circulation) kidney of the treated animals.     

后腹腔镜手术治疗巨大肾囊肿3例分析

目的探讨后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术治疗肾囊肿的有效性和安全性。方法采用经后腹腔腹腔镜行肾囊肿去顶减压术3例。结果3例手术全部成功,手术时间90～120min,平均100min。术中出血50～120ml,平均80ml。术后住院6～9d,平均7.6d。围手术期无并发症,3例术后随访3～15个月无复发。结论该术式具有暴露充分、微创、出血少、恢复快等特点,值得推广。     

15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase and hexokinase in spontaneously hypertensive rat kidney

Summary 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH) surged in hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive (WKY) rat kidney at 8 days of age, is greatest in SHR. Hexokinase fell in SHR at 17 days of age, but thereafter was similar to WKY. This suggests multisystem enzymatic abnormalities in SHR kidney during development of hypertension.     

Regression of genetically determined polycystic kidney disease in murine organ culture

Summary Cystic kidneys from the mutant CPK strain of C57BL/6J mice were cultured in serum-free organ culture. During 120 h of incubation in chemically-defined medium, CPK cystic tubular changes underwent complete regression. Environmental factors regulate the expression of genetically determined polycystic kidney disease in this model.     

芒果苷对自发性高血压大鼠心脑肾组织形态学的影响

观察芒果苷对自发性高血压模型大鼠心、脑、肾等组织形态学特别是炎症损伤的影响,以自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)为研究对象,随机分为模型组、芒果苷高剂量组、芒果苷中剂量组、芒果苷低剂量组和苯那普利组,再以同龄的WKY大鼠作为正常对照。利用光镜、透射电镜观察各组大鼠的心、脑、肾等组织的形态结构。光镜结果显示:脑组织形态学未见明显改变,芒果苷高、中、低剂量组可以改善心肌炎细胞浸润及肾小球萎缩,坏死等。电镜结果显示:芒果苷可以抑制心肌细胞凋亡,改善肌原纤维排列,消除线粒体肿胀,降低系膜细胞及基底膜厚度。说明芒果苷对自发性高血压大鼠心、肾组织形态学具有改善作用,包括对炎症损伤的保护。     

活体肾移植供者手术前后生活状况随访调查

【摘 要】目的 调查分析活体供肾供者术后的肾功能及生活质量情况。方法 选取在我院于2008 年行亲属活体供肾移植的供者68例以及随机抽取的同期健康人68名为研究对象。于移植术前、术后7天和1年对研究对象采用调查问卷调查供者的健康状况和临床检验的方式分析肾功能的情况。结果 供者术前、术后7天及1年的生活质量与健康人相比在统计学意义上无显著性的差异(P>0．05);供者术后7天血清肌酐(SCr)、24小时蛋白尿(24hSP)均高于术前,但未超过正常范围;肾小球滤过率(GFR)、肌酐清除率（CCr）均有所下降。但1年后上述4个指标基本恢复到术前水平,而且与健康人相比在统计学意义上无显著性的差异(P>0．05)。结论 活体供肾移植供者在切除单侧肾脏后肾功能未见减退,生活质量与健康人群相比显著性差异。     

甲型肝炎病毒(H2株)在三种细胞中的感染性滴度比较

本文用恒河猴胚肾传代细胞（ＭＥＫ）、人胚肺成纤维二倍体细胞（ＫＭＢ１７和２ＢＳ）对ＨＡＶ－Ｈ２株感染性滴度进行了初步研究,结果显示Ｈ２株在ＭＥＫ上感染性滴度（ＣＣＩＤ５０／ｍＬ）最高,ＣＣＩＤ５０／ｍＬ比ＫＭＢ１７,２ＢＳ平均ＣＣＩＤ５０／ｍＬ高１．２８ｌｏｇ和１．５９ｌｏｇ．经统计学分析,Ｐ＜０．０５,有显著性差异,证实ＭＥＫ对Ｈ２株最敏感．ＭＥＫ可能是测定ＨＡＶ感染性滴度和繁殖ＨＡＶ较理想的细胞     

针刺双穴治肾结石剧痛

本文报导了根据祖国医学补气、活血、清热、利水、散瘀的原理,采用针剌双穴的方法,治疗四例“肾结石”剧痛,经一次针刺后痛即消失的显著疗效。     

抗氧化剂与力竭运动对大鼠肾脏自由基代谢和细胞凋亡的实验研究

观察力竭运动与抗氧化剂(维生素E)对肾脏细胞凋亡和自由基代谢的影响,以进一步阐明肾脏细胞凋亡的机制.将18只SD大鼠随机分为3组:安静对照组、力竭运动组和补充维生素E且力竭运动组.力竭运动24 h后取材,利用原位末端标记法(TUNEL法)测定大鼠肾脏细胞凋亡发生率,同时测定大鼠肾脏组织丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px).结果发现:急性力竭运动导致肾小管远端细胞凋亡,但一次性补充抗氧化剂对肾脏细胞凋亡与自由基代谢影响不大,而且自由基代谢与肾脏细胞凋亡关系不大.     

肾移植快速组织配型管理软件研究

参考氨基酸残基配型及致敏性错配制定配型标准,采用Powerbuild系统编制同种异体肾移植组织配型管理软件,观察肾移植术前快速组织配型分析的可行性.设计开发肾移植组织配型管理软件并观察其临床实用性.结果表明,从筛选最佳供受者到列表打印结果仅需数分钟,历史数据可查询,界面简单,结果准确、可靠.配型标准可自行更改.经国内8家移植中心使用,证明该软件设计科学合理,操作简便,运行稳定,实用性强,具有一定的推广价值.