利用电导法测定离子液体的CMC值

利用电导法分别测定了咪唑类离子液体C12mimBr、C14mimBr、C16mimBr和季铵盐类表面活性剂C16H33N (CH3)3Br-在不同的溶剂水、乙醇、乙酸中的临界胶束浓度(CMC).发现离子液体的CMC值具有一定的规律性:其CMC值随疏水基团中碳氢链的增长而减小,离子液体在不同溶剂中的电导率的变化规律,其顺序为:k(水作溶剂)＞k(乙醇作溶剂)＞k(乙酸作溶剂).在相同温度下,离子液体的电导率随浓度的增大而增大.在相同的测定条件下,离子液体的电导率随着其侧链基团中碳氢链的增长而减小.C12mimBr、C14mimBr、C16mimBr在不同溶剂中的CMC值顺序为:CMC(水作溶剂)＞CMC(乙醇、乙酸作溶剂)     

离子液体的毒性及其潜在风险评估

组成离子液体的结构和纯度对其毒性有较大的影响.综述离子液体的纯度,阳离子、阴离子组成对其毒性的影响以及离子液体的生态学设计方案和多维风险分析的研究进展.     

离子液体的制备及在有机合成中的应用研究

离子液体因其诸多优点而在有机合成中得到越来越广泛的应用。本文主要介绍了离子液体的主要特点、制备及其在有机合成中的应用。     

电晕放电离子迁移谱的设计

介绍了离子迁移谱的构造、工作原理和应用,采用针板式高压放电极对电晕离子迁移谱进行了设计.     

Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya相互作用对自旋S=1的Heisenberg模型热力学性质的影响

应用二自旋集团平均场近似的方法,研究了外磁场中简立方格子上具有Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya(DM)相互作用对自旋.S=1量子Heisenberg模型热力学性质的影响,得到了该系统的相图和磁化强度随温度变化的曲线.结果表明,所研究的系统存在三临界点.系统的这种临界行为可以解释为交换耦合作用与DM相互作用之间相互竞争的结果.     

Nonlinear interactions between gravity waves and background winds

Using the nonlinear propagating gravity waves (GW) model in the two-dimensional compressible atmosphere and the linear GW theory, the process of GW propagation in different background winds, e.g. the direction of the background wind is opposite to (dead wind) or the same as (tail wind) the direction of the horizontal phase velocity of GW, is studied. The results show that the dead wind prolongs the vertical wavelength and accelerates GW propagation. Therefore, GW propagates up to a higher height becomes instable in a short time and eventually induces an inverse jet flow. Then, the vertical wavelength is becoming short due to the nonlinear interactions between GW and the inverse jet flow. The vertical wavelength and group velocity decrease after GW propagates into the tail wind. The initial instable time is delayed. Although most of GW is trapped in the instable region, some of GW propagates above the instable region. Compared with GW propagation in the tail wind, the nonlinear interactions between GW and the dead wind are also strong. In contrast, the linear GW theory predicts that GW can propagate freely in the dead wind. The vertical wavelength simulated by the nonlinear numerical model is different from that predicted by the linear theory greatly after GW propagates into the dead wind.     

Effects of historical land cover changes on climate

In order to explore the influence of anthropogenic land use on the climate system during the last mil- lennium, a set of experiments is performed with an Earth system model of intermediate complexity—— the McGill Paleoclimate Model (MPM-2). The present paper mainly focuses on biogeophysical effects of historical land cover changes. A dynamic scenario of deforestation is described based on changes in cropland fraction (RF99). The model simulates a decrease in global mean annual temperature in the range of 0.09-0.16℃, especially 0.14-0.22℃ in Northern Hemisphere during the last 300 years. The responses of climate system to GHGs concentration changes are also calculated for comparisons. Now, afforestation is becoming an important choice for the enhancement of terrestrial carbon sequestration and adjustment of regional climate. The results indicate that biogeophysical effects of land cover changes cannot be neglected in the assessments of climate change.     

Label-free and real-time detection of specific binding of IgG proteins by oblique-incidence reflectivity difference method

The entire interaction process between anti-mouse immunoglobulin-G (IgG) and mouse IgG with a concentration range from 1 to 0.25 mg/mL has been label-free detected by the oblique incidence reflectivity difference (OIRD) method.We achieved the two-dimensional scanning images of OIRD Re{△ p △s } intensities before and after interactions as well as the curves of reaction dynamic processes.The experimental results suggest that OIRD method not only can label-free distinguish the different concentrations of proteins and detect biological microarrays,but also can real-time monitor the kinetic processes of biomolecular interactions.     

离子液体乙醇溶液吸收SO2的物性研究

研究了己内酰胺-四丁基溴化铵(CPL-TBAB)离子液体乙醇溶液及其吸收SO2后溶液的pH值、电导率和密度。结果表明:随着温度的增加,CPL-TBAB离子液体乙醇溶液pH值降低,电导率先增加后略微减小,密度降低;随着离子液体浓度的增加,CPL-TBAB离子液体乙醇溶液的pH值先增加后平衡,电导率先增加后降低,密度降低。CPL-TBAB离子液体乙醇溶液吸收SO2饱和后的溶液比吸收前的溶液pH值减小,电导率增加,密度增大,含水量降低,且CPL-TBAB离子液体乙醇溶液吸收SO2后形成共溶体系。