Short cerebral ischemia and subsequent reperfusion and treatment with stobadine

Lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidative enzymes were studied in the brain cortex after short (15 min) cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (10 min) in rats. Conjugated dienes (CD) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were significantly elevated in the group of rats with ischemia followed by reperfusion in comparison to the ischemic animals. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity significantly increased in the group of animals with ischemia and reperfusion. No significant changes in the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GP) were observed. Stobadine administered before ischemia or before reperfusion decreased the level of TBARS. Stobadine probably prevents malondialdehyde (MDA) formation from hydroperoxide or might elevate the activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase. In contradiction to the findings after long-lasting (4 h) ischemia and subsequent reperfusion¹, no decrease in the concentration of CD or in the activity of SOD or GP was found.     

Theearly andlate processing of lysosomal enzymes: Proteolysis and compartmentation

Lysosomal enzymes are subjected to a number of modifications including carbohydrate restructuring and proteolytic maturation. Some of these reactions support lysosomal targeting, others are necessary for activation or keeping the enzyme inactive before being segregated, while still others may be adventitious. The non-segregated fraction of the enzyme is secreted and can be isolated from the medium. It is considered that the secreted lysosomal enzymes fulfill certain physiological and pathophysiological roles. By comparing the secreted and the intracellular enzymes it is possible to distinguish between the reactions that occur before and after the segregation. In this review the reactions that may influence the segregation are referred to as the early processing and those characteristic for the enzymes isolated from lysosomal compartments as the late processing. The early processing is characterized mainly by modifications of carbohydrate side chains. In the late processing, proteolytic fragmentation represents the most conspicuous changes. The review focuses on the compartmentation of the reactions and the proteolytic fragmentation of lysosomal enzyme precursors. While a plethora of proteolytic reactions are involved, our knowledge of the proteinases responsible for the particular maturation reactions remains very limited. The review points also to work with cells from patients affected with lysosomal storage disorders, which contributed to our understanding of the lysosomal apparatus.     

花生“汕油523”在盐胁迫下应激反应的初步研究

分别模拟盐胁迫的离子胁迫、渗透胁迫处理花生 (Arachishypogaea L.cv.Shanyou52 3) ,研究了离子胁迫、渗透胁迫对花生抗氧化酶的影响 .结果表明 :等渗的 Na Cl、 KCl(50　mmol/ L、 1 0 0　mmol/ L )和聚乙二醇 (PEG　6　0 0 0 ,1 6%、 2 6% )诱导花生叶片超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活力显著升高 ;低浓度 (50　mmol/ L) Na Cl胁迫可以诱导花生叶片过氧化物酶 (POD)活力升高 ;花生叶片过氧化氢酶 (CAT)活力在 PEG胁迫处理下呈显著下降趋势 ,而在 Na Cl和 KCl处理下变化不大 ,表明盐胁迫时引起花生叶片 CAT活力的下降的原因可能是渗透胁迫 .     

用于肠道检查的微小型蠕动机器人

基于蚯蚓运动原理研制了一种用于肠道检查的新型微小机器人，它采用步进电机作为驱动源，驱动力大，易于控制．介绍了该机器人的机体构造和运动原理，建立了力学模型并作了相应分析，详细阐述了系统的控制组成和软件设计，讨论了在不同材质、不同倾角管道内的驱动性能试验．结果表明：该微小型机器人运行可靠、平稳，有一定的爬坡能力．该研究为肠道检查机器人系统的实际应用奠定了基础．     

大熊猫肠梗阻的手术治疗

报道了一只雌性成年大熊猫因患高位严重肠梗阻并发肠扭转，在两个月内连续两次手术治疗成功。提供了诊断依据、手术方法和术后护理要点，并讨论了本病的治疗方法和手术成败的关键。     

DBP对秋茄幼苗光合作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响

在实验室条件下,分别以0、0.02、0.20、2.00、5.00、10.00 mg/L 6个质量浓度的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)培育红树植物秋茄(Kandelia candel(L.)Druce)幼苗.6个月后对秋茄幼苗的叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶(包括丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD))活性进行分析.研究结果表明:DBP对秋茄幼苗叶绿素含量没有产生不利的影响,相反具有促进作用;随DBP质量浓度的提高,秋茄幼苗叶片MDA含量相应增加,CAT、POD和SOD活性整体呈先上升后下降的趋势.说明,秋茄幼苗能在所设质量浓度的DBP范围内正常生长,对DBP有较强的耐受性和适应性.     

十味参归灌肠液的质量标准研究

本文建立了十味参归灌肠液的质量标准。试验采用薄层色谱法(TCL)对制剂中的延胡索、丹参、桃仁、赤芍进行定性鉴别,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对制剂中的丹酚酸B进行含量测定。结果显示,本研究建立的上述4味药材的薄层鉴别方法,色谱图特征斑点分离清晰、集中;建立的丹酚酸B含量测定方法,专属性和重复性高,丹酚酸B对照品进样量为54.55～545.5μg时,与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,丹酚酸B回收率为102.77%,RSD=1.01%。本文建立的定性定量方法可有效控制中药制剂十味参归灌肠液的质量。     

不同膳食纤维饮食下大鼠粪便矿物元素的测定及其吸收特点

矿物元素是动物体的组成部分,对维持机体正常生理有着重要作用,矿物元素的吸收代谢与膳食纤维密切相关,为研究不同结构的膳食纤维对钾、钠、钙、镁吸收的影响,本文采用原子吸收光谱法对大鼠（Rattus norregius）粪便中的4种矿物元素进行检测,比较2种预处理方法对矿物元素的提取效果,以及7种膳食纤维对4种矿物元素肠道吸收的影响。结果表明,干法灰化-混酸消解更适合提取钙、镁元素,而酸法浸提适合提取钾、钠元素;膳食纤维对钙、镁元素吸收率的影响大于钾、钠元素,总体钙、镁吸收率显著低于钾、钠的吸收率;在钾的吸收率上,纤维素组和麦麸组显著高于木聚糖组、果胶组、菊粉组和魔芋组;在钠的吸收率上,纤维素组和果胶组显著低于其他各组;对于钙的吸收率,木聚糖组和魔芋组显著低于纤维素组和麦麸组;镁吸收率果胶组和魔芋组最低,麦麸组最高,差异具有显著性。不同膳食纤维对矿质代谢有不同的影响,与麦麸相比,木聚糖和魔芋降低钙的吸收,果胶降低钾、钠、镁的吸收,纤维素和麦麸对矿物元素吸收率总体大于其余膳食纤维。     

抗生素与肠道菌群关系研究进展

 从抗生素与肠道菌群的关系出发,在抗生素角度,概述了抗生素对肠道菌群构成、肠道定植抗力、菌群类别及代谢活动的影响,综述了抗生素通过调节肠道菌群恢复肠-脑轴、肠-肝轴稳态,延缓非感染性疾病的研究进展。在肠道菌群角度,简述了肠道菌群在抗生素耐药基因储存传播、新型抗生素发现过程中的特别作用。     

中西医结合治疗粘连性肠梗阻临床观察

观察中西医结合治疗粘连性肠梗阻的临床疗效。将127例粘连性肠梗阻病人随机分成二组：对照组采用单纯西医治疗;治疗组在西医治疗的基础上加用加味承气汤胃管注入及保留灌肠,同时配合针灸治疗。结果,治疗组治愈率明显优于对照组,两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结果表明,中西医结合治疗粘连性肠梗阻可显著提高疗效,值得推广。