森林下层植物资源的航空遥感分析—以川西针叶林下箭竹为例

集中讨论了如何运用彩红外航空像片来调查森林下层的植物资源问题.通过对箭竹-岷江冷杉林群落结构的分析,我们发现,箭竹在林冠下的种群密度很大程度上受林冠结构的影响.在光照强烈的大林窗内和过分郁闭而阴湿的林冠下,种群密度都不大;而在适中的郁闭度下则较大.回归分析结果证实了这一点.它表明,在一定林冠下箭竹种群密度与林冠郁闭度之间存在指数关系.     

Structure characterization of melt drawn polyethylene ultrathin films

Highly oriented ultrathin polyethylene (PE) films were prepared by a melt-draw technique. Transmission electron microscopy study on the obtained ultrathin films indicates that the melt drawn PE thin films consist of highly oriented edge-on lamellae aligned perpendicular to the drawing direction. Electron diffraction confirms that the PE chains in crystal-line phase are highly oriented in film plane along the drawing direction, while only a random orientation of the crystallographic a-and b-axes can be described through electron diffraction. The IR results on the melt-drawn ultrathin PE films demonstrate that the PE molecular chains in both crystalline and amorphous phases of the melt drawn thin films are well oriented along the drawing direction. Moreover, the IR results indicate that in the crystalline phase, the crystallographic b-axis tend to lie in the thin film plane, while in the amorphous phase, the skeleton plane of some local chains prefers to parallel the film plane. The alignment of b-axis of PE crystals in ultrathin films originates from the fact that the b-axis is the fastest growth direction of the PE crystals.     

脂肪酸胺铂的结构、理化特性及抗肿瘤效果

目的 为了开发新的铂类抗癌药物，对硬脂酸胺铂配合物结构、理化特性及抑制肿瘤作用进行研究。方法用红外光谱、元素分析对硬脂酸胺铂配合物的结构和理化特性进行研究。用MTT法对硬脂酸胺铂配合物体外培养的黑色素瘤(LiBr)、白血病细胞K562和肝癌(7721)细胞的杀伤效果进行研究。结果元素分析的实验结果与理论值相符。红外吸收光谱分析结果表明配合物中氨配体和硬脂酸配体分别以氨基的氮和硬脂酸的羟基氧与铂配位。结论硬脂酸胺铂配合物对肿瘤细胞生长活性抑制作用与胺配体及浓度密切相关。     

Characteristic absorption peak of the human blood measured with differential photoacoustic spectroscopy

A new highly sensitive spectroscopy technique- differential photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) is presented in this paper. The blood samples from 3 healthy persons, patients with leukemia, patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), and 40 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were measured by the PAS technique. The normalized, the first order, and the second order differential photoacoustic spectroscopy of the blood were gained. The results show that (ⅰ) weak absorption peaks or shoulder peaks, which could not be found using conventional photoacoustic spectroscopy, were determined by the first order and the second order differential photoacoustic spectroscopy which significantly improve the sensitivity of detection; and (ii) that two characteristic absorption peaks were found at the wavelength of 637 and 664 nm in all persons' blood samples by the differential photoacoustic spectroscopy technique. This experiment concludes that the differential photoacoustic spectroscopy technique is superior to the conventional photoacoustic spectroscopy technique in detecting photoacoustic spectroscopy of biological samples.     

主动红外监控系统原理及应用

文章介绍了主动红外监控系统的原理、发展趋势及其应用前景。     

Paracelsin; characterization by NMR spectroscopy and circular dichroism,and hemolytic properties of a peptaibol antibiotic from the cellulolytically active mnoldTrichoderma reesei. Part B

Summary Paracelsin, a hemolytic and membrane active polypeptide antibiotic of the peptaibol class which is excreted by the moldTrichderma reesei, was obtained by a simplified and isolation procedure utilziing hydrophobic adsorber resin. Investigation by¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and circular dichroism revealed considerable helical portions in solution, and the very recently accomplished sequence determination of paracelsin allows the discussion of the results with regard to the closely related analogues, alamethicin and suzukacillin. A selective cleavage of the peptide was achieved by careful treatment with various acids, and a buffer of pH 8.25 and of high ionic strength made possible the quantitative determination of the C-terminal phenylalaninol released by means of ion-exchange chromatography. The significance of the production of paracelsin and related mycotoxins of the peptaibol class, exhibiting various kinds of biological activity, is discussed with respect to the extensive effort being made towards biotechnological applications of species, strains and cellulolytically highly active mutants of the fungusTrichoderma.Presented in part at the 5th European Symposium on Animal, Plant and Microbial Toxins, Hannover, August 29–September 2, 1983 and a lecture given at Ciby-Geigy/Basel in March 1984.Acknowledgment. We thank I. Ackermann for excellent and skilled technical assistance and gratefully acknowledge the help of R. Ratz for support in CD spectroscopy.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱中铁_铝基体的背景吸收影响

本文研究石墨炉原子吸收光谱中铁、铝的氯化物和硝酸盐的背景吸收影响.背景吸收波长特性的研究表明,铁、铝氯化物和硝酸盐的背景吸收都具有明显的波长特性.氯化铝和硝酸铝的背景吸收曲线基本重合,而硝酸铁较氯化铁的背景吸收要小得多.时间特性的研究表明,在某些情况下,可以通过选择记录原子吸收信号的时间来减小甚至完全消除背景吸收干扰.     

ZrF_4-BaF_2-LaF_3-ZnF_2系统玻璃的振动光谱与结构

通过红外吸收与反射光谱、拉曼光谱、X-射线衍射晶相分析等方法,研究了61.5 ZrF_4·(31-x)BaF_2·7.5 LaF_3·xZnF_2系列玻璃的结构。结果表明,构成这种玻璃的基本结构单元是[ZrF_6]、[ZrF_7]、[ZrF_8]等配位多面体,它们之间通过共棱或共顶方式连接成链状。Ba~(2+)、Zn~(2+)位于链间间隙。当ZnF_2的含量从0增加至6(mol%),Zr—F—Zr平均键角略有增大,从136.7°增至141.4°(相应于拉曼光谱中的对称振动频率SS(Zr—F_b)从487到482 cm~(-1)),而玻璃中Zr~(4+)的平均配位数呈下降趋势。     

芸香酸有机锡酯的红外光谱研究

合成了二丁基、古丁基和三苯基锡的芸香酸酯，进行了表征，并报道红外光谱研究结果。     

一高分子弹性体的剖析

利用红外光谱法对一高分子弹性体进行了剖析，由图谱解析，结合化学分析，确定了样品组成，为开发新型高分子弹性体奠定了基础。