Specific radioimmunoprecipitation of histone H2A antigens by protein A conjugated sepharose

Summary A modified radioimmunoprecipitation technique is described which allows the specific detection of histone H2A antigens. The technique circumvents unspecific binding of histones to the bacterial adsorbent.     

组蛋白修饰组合模式研究进展

核小体是染色质的基本结构单位,核小体组蛋白N末端尾部可以发生甲基化、乙酰化等多种共价修饰.组蛋白密码假设多种组蛋白修饰以组合方式发挥作用.自组蛋白密码假设被提出后,组蛋白修饰组合模式成为表观遗传学领域的重要研究内容.在染色质免疫沉淀基因芯片和免疫沉淀高通量测序等相关实验数据的基础上,多种算法被用于研究组蛋白修饰的组合.文章介绍了组蛋白修饰的发生、位点、相关修饰酶以及生物学功能,对组蛋白修饰组合以及与基因表达关系的研究进行了总结,同时对组蛋白修饰组合模式一些适用的研究方法做了概述和分析.     

Rapid reversion of aging phenotypes by nicotinamide through possible modulation of histone acetylation

Aging appears to be an irreversible process. Here we report that nicotinamide (NAA) can induce rapid and reversible reversion of aging phenotypes in human diploid fibroblasts in terms of cell morphology and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. Although NAA seems to enhance the replicative potential of the cells, it has little effect on their growth rate and life span, suggesting that NAA action is rather separated from the cellular replicative system. The effects are unique to NAA: none of the NAA-related compounds examined (an NAD precursor/niacin, NAD analogs, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors) exerted similar effects. Thus, NAD-related metabolism and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation are unlikely related to the NAA action. On the other hand, histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity was elevated in NAA-exposed cells, while in aged cells, HAT activity and histone H4 acetylation were lowered. Taken together, the results suggest that NAA may cause rejuvenation by restoring, at least in part, altered gene expression in aged cells through its activation of HAT. Received 27 August 2001; received after revision 15 October 2001; accepted 15 October 2001     

组蛋白甲基化的阅读器识别机制研究进展

 组蛋白甲基化修饰对遗传信息解读有着重要影响,是表观遗传调控的主要机制之一。组蛋白甲基化可以被一类称作"阅读器"的结构域所特异识别并介导下游生物学事件。本文综述了目前已知的组蛋白甲基化阅读器(包括"皇室家族"成员、PHD锌指及BAH 等结构域)的结构特征及其对于甲基化修饰位点和程度特异性识别的分子基础。另外,探讨了表观遗传修饰调控中的组合识别、修饰对话等概念与机制。     

Genome-wide distribution of histone H3 acetylation in all- trans retinoic acid induced neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells

With chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and promoter DNA microarray analyses (ChIP-on-chip), we analyzed the variations of acetylation on histone H3 in all-trans retinoic acid (RA) induced neuronal cell differentiation. Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were treated with RA for 24 h and the acetylation on histone H3 in the promoter region of the genes was detected. Results showed that, after treatment, the level of acetylation on histone H3 elevated in 597 genes in the genome, and reduced in the other 647 genes compared with those of the control. In summary, we have successfully adopted a high throughput technique to detect and analyze variations of acetylation of histone H3 in human genome at the early phage of RA induced neuronal differentiation of the SH-SY5Y cells. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 90408007 and 30721063) and National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2004CB518605)     

水稻组蛋白脱乙酰化酶HD2 HDACs蛋白质的生物信息学分析

HD2 HDACs家族成员是植物特异性的组蛋白脱乙酰化酶并参与基因的转录调控.本研究利用生物信息学方法对水稻组蛋白脱乙酰化酶HD2 HDACs家族成员（HDT701、HDT702、HDT2201和HDT2202）的生物学功能进行研究.结果表明,HD2 HDACs家族成员位于不同的染色体上,分布于细胞的不同部位;它们编码的蛋白均含有依赖于cAMP-和cGMP的蛋白激酶、蛋白激酶C、酪蛋白激酶II与酰胺化4个相同的位点;它们均无跨膜区,都为不稳定的亲水性蛋白质,都无信号肽.多序列比对发现粳稻与籼稻HD2 HDACs的同源性非常高;水稻HD2 HDACs蛋白质的结构域比较特殊;这些蛋白可能参与植物的基因复制、信号传导、转录过程和免疫应答等过程.     

Multifunctions of histone H1 proteins

Among various histones, histone H1 proteins have been appreciated for their multiple functions in diverse biological processes. In addition to being a structural protein in chromatin, H1 proteins also play critical roles in cell cycle, gene expression, and development. Recent studies reveal the possible effects of H1 in some diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review different variants of HI, the functions, and post translational modifications of ill variants are also discussed.     

植物表遗传学研究进展

本文综述了表遗传学这一新的分子生物学领域的提出及其在植物中的研究进展 ,阐述了DNA甲基化、组蛋白密码、RNA介导的基因沉默和PcG蛋白等表遗传因素在植物生长发育过程中对基因表达调控的重要作用 ,以及这些因素间存在的相互关系 ,并对表遗传学研究在植物中的发展前景做出了展望 .     

可局部修形的四点ternary插值细分算法

基于变参数四点ternary插值细分理论,提出可局部修形的四点ternary插值细分曲线模式,最后推广到可局部修形的张量积细分曲面.     

结核分枝杆菌单克隆抗体与自身抗原组蛋自的免疫交叉反应研究

WesternBlot实验证实了结核分枝杆菌（Mycobacteriumtuberculosis）H37Ra的单克隆抗体与自身抗原组蛋白发生免疫交叉反应．利用计算机软件对交叉反应的分子生物学基础进行了分析,发现结核分枝杆菌H37Ra的蛋白与组蛋白H1,H2A,H2B,H3,H4各有一个包含3个或4个氨基酸的序列同源区域．