民间节令食品营养意义初探——荠莱习俗

通过对民间荠莱习俗的初步分析，试图从节令与人体营养的关系角度，对节令食品是否具有合理性、科学性作初步探讨。     

维吾尔族饮食的文化学阐释

当代新疆维吾尔族饮食文化在饮食结构、方式、礼仪和思想等方面依然承袭了以往的传统，但也发生了很大变化，表现出地域性、传承性、融合性和宗教性等特点，显示出社会教育、社会整合、强化信仰、象征身份等社会功能，从中尚可窥探出维吾尔族的一些民族性格。     

消费者营养型食品选择影响因素研究——基于拓展的健康信念模型

推动营养型农业的健康发展,促进营养型食品的产业升级,是实施健康中国战略的重要内容,因此探究我国消费者营养型食品选择的影响因素具有重要意义.该文在健康信念模型的基础上,引入消费者健康意识,以作物营养强化食品为研究对象,构建消费者作物营养强化食品选择模型,并采用问卷调查法,从六个维度深入分析我国消费者作物营养强化食品选择的影响因素.研究结果表明,消费者对作物营养强化食品的购买意愿受到感知易感性、感知益处、自我效能和健康意识的正向影响,受到感知障碍的负向影响,其中感知益处的影响最大;感知严重性对购买意愿的影响不显著.基于此,该文从消费者认知和作物营养强化食品市场建设两方面提出促进作物营养强化食品市场顺利发展的政策建议.     

Ecological notes of the alien species Godiva quadricolor (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia) occurring in Faro Lake (Italy)

The first record from Sicily of the introduced facelinid nudibranch Godiva quadricolor allowed the detection of trophic relationships with the polycerid Polycera hedgpethi, another non-native nudibranch, and with two bryozoan species, namely the naturalized Cheilostomatida Bugula neritina and the cryptogenic Ctenostomatida Amathia verticillata. The settlement of both nudibranchs was presumably promoted by a trophic shift of P. hedgpethi from the natural prey B. neritina towards the largely available and not exploited A. verticillata. This short food web, without evident links with native fauna and having G. quadricolor as the top predator, is described. A DNA barcoding approach was used to confirm the identity of this facelinid species and to explore the possible genetic divergence occurring among the samples analysed.     

Insect behavior at the leaf surface and learning as aspects of host plant selection

Summary Direct observations on the feeding behavior of insect herbivores are uncommon, but important. The important aspects of host-plant selection by phytophagous insects that have been revealed by such observations are the role of chemicals in the leaf surface, and learning. There are few detailed reports of behavior at the leaf surface, but these indicate that many, if not all, insects exhibit behavior pattenrs that can be interpreted as an examination of the quality of the surface and acceptance or rejection may follow without further testing. A number of experiments show that chemicals from the leaf surface commonly contribute to the acceptability or otherwise of a plant and in most cases so far the active chemicals are of widespread occurrence, not having a specific association with the host plant. Some experiments show that the association between surface chemicals and plant palatability is learned, but in other cases there is evidence of an innate response. Habituation to deterrent chemicals has been demonstrated in the laboratory, but not in the field. Food aversion learning also occurs and may be important in dietary switching by polyphagous insects.     

关于水产品安全精养中若干问题的思考

在提出安全养殖概念的基础上,着重叙述了安全精养的基本原理、属性、特征和要求,分析了传统精养与安全精养间在养殖观和方法论层面上的关联及主要差距,最后就我国水产安全精养的努力方向进行了探讨.     

提高餐饮服务质量可靠性的重要措施

服务质量是服务性企业实现营销策略的基础，要在激烈的市场竞争中获胜，餐饮企业必须提高服务质量。而重视菜单的作用、提高服务人员素质、正确处理顾客投诉、无条件承诺制度、向员工授权等，是提高餐饮服务质量可靠性的重要措施。     

论营养与智力开发的相关性

本文根据大脑营养学研究近况,论证了营养与智力开发的相关性,并分析了10种营养物质与脑的生理机能的关系.     

A novel fibrinolytic enzyme (nattokinase) in the vegetable cheese Natto; a typical and popular soybean food in the Japanese diet

Summary A strong fibrinolytic activity was demonstrated in the vegetable cheese Natto, which is a typical soybean food eaten in Japan. The average activity was calculated at about 40 CU (plasmin units)/g wet weight. This novel fibrinolytic enzyme, named nattokinase, was easily extracted with saline. The mol. wt and pI were about 20,000 and 8.6, respectively. Nattokinase not only digested fibrin but also the plasmin substrate H-D-Val-Leu-Lys-pNA (S-2251), which was more sensitive to the enzyme than other substrates tried. Diisopropyl fluorophosphate and 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl-o,o-dimethylphosphate strongly inhibited this fibrinolytic enzyme.     

基于Canny算子和数学形态学的细胞边缘检测方法

提出了一种基于Canny算子和数学形态学的肉类细胞图像的边缘提取方法.制作了猪肉自然放置过程中各个时段的切片样本,先用Canny算子对0小时切片图像进行细胞边缘的提取,再根据数学形态学方法采用结构元素探针进行膨胀运算,对断裂的边缘和细胞内的孔隙进行填充,然后进行平滑处理.实验结果表明,该方法优于单纯基于微分算子的Canny算子边缘检测方法,为细胞切片图像的特征提取、识别等相关研究奠定了较好的基础.