河蚬软体部分营养成分分析及评价

通过对河蚬软体部分营养成分分析,综合评定其营养价值.结果表明:河蚬软体部干样中,粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分含量分别为63.33%、10.91%、6.29%;必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的39.10%,各必需氨基酸中平均氨基酸分为88.9,第一限制氨基酸为Leu(1973年FAO/WHO标准);并富含钙、钠、钾、铁等无机元素.认为河蚬是一种营养价值较高的贝类.     

N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二异丙基缩醛对羧酸酯化反应的研究

以N，N－二甲基甲酰胺二异丙基缩醛（简称DMFDIPA）为异丙基化试剂对一些羟酸进行酯化反应。实验表明，DMFDIPA与脂肪酸和芳香酸（高位阻酸除外）都可以发生酯化，酸的强度对反应影响不大。     

油脂一步法合成脂肪腈──工艺条件对甘油回收率的影响

研究了油脂一步法制脂肪腈工艺中，甘油回收技术。选用适当的低温催化剂，在230℃~280℃，氨气流速1000L/hkg左右，采用分段冷凝回收工艺和回流萃取技术可获得浓度85%以上工业粗甘油，总收率达90%，杂质含量很少。     

小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)产油脂最佳培养条件的筛选

以低温作为环境条件诱导小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)产脂,采用正交试验的方法来研究不同水平下Mn,K,Mg和S各元素对小球藻生长及脂肪产量的影响.本实验C N-1比为41.2:1,pH值范围为7.4~7.5之间,培养温度为15℃,P浓度为0.2~0.4 mmol.L-1,Fe浓度为0.04 mmol.L-1,以自养生长型式培养,而培养基成份根据BG11培养基作为基础进行改良.根据实验结果显示,脂肪产量最高为实验编号10(64.59 mg(100 mL)-1,64.59%),即锰及镁在一定程度上能促进小球藻的生长,且脂肪产率更高.     

Ferric chloride-catalyzed decarboxylative alkylation of β-keto acids with benzylic alcohols

β-Keto acids are unstable to heat,acids,and bases,and have rarely been employed as carbon nucleophiles for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds.In this context,an efficient decarboxylative alkylation reaction of β-keto acids with benzylic alcohols has been developed,for the first time,through sequential cleavage of carbon-oxygen and carbon-carbon bonds.In the presence of 10 mol% of ferric chloride,a range of β-keto acids smoothly undergo decarboxylative alkylation with benzylic alcohols to give structurally diverse unsymmetric ketones in moderate to excellent yields and with extremely high regioselectivity.Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that the reaction proceeds through an SN1 alkylation followed by decarboxylation.     

Functions of fatty acid binding proteins

Summary Cytosolic fatty acid binding proteins (FABP) belong to a gene family of which eight members have been conclusively identified. These 14–15 kDa proteins are abundantly expressed in a highly tissue-specific manner. Although the functions of the cytosolic FABP are not clearly established, they appear to enhance the transfer of long-chain fatty acids between artificial and native lipid membranes, and also to have a stimulatory effect on a number of enzymes of fatty acid metabolism in vitro. These findings, as well as the tissue expression, ligand binding properties, ontogeny and regulation of these proteins provide a considerable body of indirect evidence supporting a broad role for the FABP in the intracellular transport and metabolism of long-chain fatty acids. The available data also support the existence of structure- and tissue-specific specialization of function among different members of the FABP gene family. Moreover, FABP may also have a possible role in the modulation of cell growth and proliferation, possibly by virtue of their affinity for ligands such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes and fatty acids, which are known to influence cell growth activity. FABP structurally unrelated to the cytosolic gene family have also been identified in the plasma membranes of several tissues (FABP_pm). These proteins have not been fully characterized to date, but strong evidence suggests that they function in the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the plasma membrane.     

抗性淀粉的生物学功效及在食品加工中的应用

抗性淀粉是一种具有多种生物学功效的新型膳食纤维,且兼具类似于淀粉的优良加工特征,适合于开发品种多样的高膳食纤维功能性食品。抗性淀粉的研究与应用目前已成为国内外食品行业的热点,介绍了抗性淀粉的分类,及其在糖代谢、脂代谢、体重控制,作为益生元和防治直肠癌方面的生物学功效;分析了抗性淀粉在面包糕点、油炸食品、面条、益生菌类食品加工领域中的应用。     

羧酸类有机锡化合物合成及结构研究概况

羧酸类有机锡化合物的合成规律和结构特点,是目前此类化合物研究的热点问题之一。概述了一烃基锡羧酸酯、二烃基锡羧酸酯和三烃基锡羧酸酯合成及其结构的研究现况。     

甘油三脂与单纯性脂肪肝的相关分析

为探讨单纯性脂肪肝的发生与总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG) 及血糖(PG)水平的关系.对583名离、退休人员进行全面体检,结合门诊病例资料进行横断面分析.结果显示TG及TG合并TC与脂肪肝的发病显著相关(P<0.01),而单纯TC或PG升高与单纯性脂肪肝无显著相关(P>0.05).从而得出单纯性脂肪肝的发病与高TG直接相关.     

启发式教学在脂肪酸能量计算公式推导中的应用

目的:探讨让学生推导脂肪酸能量生成的计算公式。方法:采用启发式教学法引导学生进行思考、分析、联系比较并进行归纳总结。结果:学生逐步推导出脂肪酸在分解代谢时能量的净生成数可用公式(Cn/2-1)×4+Cn/2×10-2进行计算。结论:学生在公式的推导过程中增强了学习兴趣和自信心,培养了分析问题、解决问题的能力。