Integrins and cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular diseases involve abnormal cell-cell interactions leading to the development of atherosclerotic plaque, which when ruptured causes massive platelet activation and thrombus formation. Parts of a loose thrombus may detach to form an embolus, blocking circulation at a more distant point. The integrins are a family of adhesive cell receptors interacting with adhesive proteins or with counterreceptors on other cells. There is now solid evidence that the major integrin on platelets, the fibrinogen receptor α _IIb  β ₃ , has an important role in several aspects of cardiovascular diseases and that its regulated inhibition leads to a reduction in incidence and mortality due to these disorders. The development of α _IIb  β ₃ inhibitors is an important strategy of many pharmaceutical companies which foresee a large market for the treatment of acute conditions in surgery, the symptoms of chronic conditions and, it is hoped, maybe even the successful prophylaxis of these conditions. Although all the associated problems have not been solved, the undoubted improvements in patient care resulting from the first of these treatments in the clinic have stimulated further research on the role of integrins on other vascular cells in these processes and in the search for new inhibitors. Both the development of specific inhibitors and of mice with specific integrin subunit genes ablated have contributed to a better understanding of the function of integrins in development of the cardiovascular system.     

Observation and isolation of the amyloplasts ribosomes in cotyledon cells of lotus

Ribosome-like particles have been found in the proplastids in young cotyledon cells of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn L.) Following the development of young embryo, some lamellar structures and tubular complex occurred in the plastids in young cotyledon cells, and some ribosomlike particles appeared in the loose region of these membrane system and stroma. About 15–20 d after fertilization, with the further development of plastid, a large number of starch and DNA were synthesized in the plastids, and the plastids contained abundant and clear morphologically ribosomes, some of which presented spiral structure. About 16–18 d after fertilization, amyloplasts were isolated and purified from cotyledon of lotus, and ribosomes bands were obtained by use of sucrose density gradient centrifugation of ribosomes isolated from amyloplasts. RNA and protein contents of ribosomes have also been determined.     

Blocking of lectin-like adhesion molecules on pulmonary cells inhibits lung sarcoma L-1 colonization in BALB/c-mice

Summary Adhesion and inhibition experiments with pulmonary cells of BALB/c-mouse origin and syngeneic sarcoma L-1 cells indicated that L-fucose specific lectin-like adhesion molecules, presumably situated on pulmonary cell surfaces are (at least partly) responsible for the specificity of this cell-cell interaction. Addition of specific sugars and glycoconjugates (L-fucose and fucoidan, respectively) to the incubation medium evidently inhibited the adhesion process as quantified using radiolabelled tumor cells. Unspecific carbohydrates (e.g. D-galactose) did not affect the cellular interaction. In vivo, repeated administration of fucoidan (but not of unspecific glycoconjugates) significantly inhibited the settling of metastatic sarcoma L-1 cells in the lungs of BALB/c-mice. Therefore, when lectin-like adhesion molecules on pulmonary cells were blocked with competitive glycoconjugates, tumor cell colonization of the lung could be significantly inhibited.     

Presence of presumptive interdigitating cells in the spleen of the natterjack,Bufo calamita

Summary The periphery of splenic lymphoid follicles, an area rich in reticulum fibers, contains presumptive interdigitating cells characterized by low electron density, scantiness of cytoplasmic organelles, abundant surface foldings and, sometimes, electrondense granules of unknown significance.     

Identification of hemolytic granules isolated from human myocardial cells

Summary Human myocardial cells from fresh autopsy material contained granules which possessed hemolytic activity against guinea pig and rabbit erythrocytes. The hemolytic granules, which had a density of 1.02 and a diameter of 200–300 nm, were recovered as a microsome fraction from subcellular homogenates of human myocardial cells by differential centrifugation in 300 mM sucrose containing 0.1 mM PMSF and 10 mM EDTA. The membrane lesions caused by the granules were ring-like structures with an internal diameter of about 10–17 nm, analogous to that caused by perforin- and complement-induced lysis. However, the requirement for divalent cation differed from that for perforin-induced lysis, since the microsome-mediated lysis occurred in the presence of EDTA.     

Wangzaozin A调节NADPH氧化酶源性活性氧诱导HL-60细胞分化

利用台盼蓝排染法、吉姆萨染色及流式细胞术对对映-贝壳杉烷二萜wangzaozin A影响人早幼粒白血病细胞HL-60生长、细胞形态、NBT还原能力、细胞吞噬及细胞表面抗原CD11b表达进行了检测.结果显示,0.2~0.8μmol/L wangzaozin A抑制HL-60细胞生长,0.6和0.8μmol/L处理组细胞显示了明显的G1期周期阻滞.随着wangzaozin A浓度升高及处理时间延长,细胞核质比减小,肾形核、杆状核和分叶核细胞增多及胞质中颗粒状物质增加;同时,细胞NBT还原能力、吞噬能力及细胞表面抗原CD11b表达显著增强,表明wangzaozin A可诱导HL-60细胞向成熟粒细胞分化.进一步利用荧光探针DCF检测显示0.6和0.8μmol/L wangzaozin A处理细胞12h后细胞内ROS显著升高;抗氧化剂NAC及NADPH氧化酶抑制剂APO显著抑制wangzaozin A诱导HL-60细胞上调CD11b表达,表明wangzaozin A可通过上调NADPH氧化酶源性的活性氧浓度诱导HL-60细胞分化.     

金属纳米粒子对非晶硅太阳能电池性能影响的理论模拟

使用时域有限差分(FDTD)方法,在标准太阳光下模拟非晶硅太阳能电池表面上有序排列的Ag或Au纳米颗粒对电池的光吸收增强效应.结果表明:通过改变金属颗粒的直径和粒子周期性间距等不同条件,光吸收的增强效应有规律地变化.结合AMPS-1D模拟软件对非晶硅电池的电学性能进行计算,在标准太阳光下,使用直径为200 nm、周期性间距为600 nm的Ag纳米粒子可以使非晶硅电池效率的提高幅度达到23.4％.     

化橘红中主要活性成分对豚鼠气管平滑肌细胞增殖的影响

目的：初步观察化橘红中主要活性成分对豚鼠气管平滑肌细胞增殖的影响。方法通过原代培养豚鼠气管平滑肌细胞,采用 MTT 法观察化橘红中主要活性成分柚皮苷（Naringin）、橘皮内酯（Meranzin）和水合橘皮内酯（Meranzin hydrate）对细胞增殖的影响。结果柚皮苷（0.2~2.0 mg/mL）对豚鼠气管平滑肌细胞增殖有明显的促进作用（P<0.01）,水合橘皮内酯（0.1~1.0 mg/mL）对豚鼠气管平滑肌细胞增殖有明显的抑制作用（P<0.01）,橘皮内酯（0.05~0.5 mg/mL）对豚鼠气管平滑肌细胞的增殖作用不明显（P ＞0.05）。结论柚皮苷与水合橘皮内酯可能是化橘红主要药效活性成分。     

应用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS技术分析生物诱导后雷公藤悬浮细胞化学成分

利用超高效液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间质谱连用技术(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS)和化学计量学结合的方法,分析生物诱导后雷公藤悬浮细胞体系中化学成分的变化.分析样品相似度、层次聚类分析(HCA)和主成分分析(PCA),建立554个共有峰的质谱指纹图谱.结果表明:通过对雷公藤离体培养体系中的质谱指纹图谱分析,鉴定了104种化学成分;生物诱导后雷公藤悬浮细胞和培养液中部分化学成分质量分比显著升高,雷公藤内酯乙、山海棠酸衍生物1、TH1、雷公藤甲素衍生物2、雷酚内酯、雷公藤甲素衍生物1、雷酚新内酯质量比分别提高了7.41,6.50,6.07,5.85,3.63,1.59,1.13倍;质荷比(m/z)为224,278,678,701的未鉴定成分质量比分别提高了2.88,1.57,4.04,6.27倍.     

光伏并网逆变器复用技术仿真研究

光伏并网逆变器的富余功率容量可以补偿非线性负载的谐波电流。采用能量回馈MPPT算法能够将有功功率逆变器控制与光伏电池输出电压控制结合起来,达到较高的能量效率。利用FBD算法能够实时检测非线性负载电流中的谐波成分,并加以补偿。仿真模型和结果验证该方法的有效性。

Abstract：

The capacity of grid-connected PV inverters exceeds the real power of PV cells, which can be used to compensate the harmonic current of nonlinear loads. Higher energy efficiency can be archived by power-feedback control MPPT arithmetic which changes the output voltage of PV cells by changing the inverter power. FBD method is employed to detect the harmonics of load instantaneously. The simulation model and result validate the proposed scheme.