细胞凋亡中线粒体的作用

细胞凋亡的研究在90年代以后成为生物研究领域的热点.最近研究证明线粒体是细胞凋亡的调控者,在细胞凋亡中起重要作用.本文主要介绍线粒体在凋亡中的分子学基础研究的最新进展.     

The taxonomic status ofMoschus moschiferus anhuiensis

Since the musk deer distributed in the Dabie Mountains, Anhui was defined asMoschus moschiferus anhuiensis, its status has been disputed based on researches of morphology and ecology. This study further probed into its taxonomic status with principal components analysis (PCA) on skull measurements and mtDNA cytochrome b sequences (367 bp) analysis so as to clear its status. It is concluded that the figure and skull in Anhui musk deer are different from other species, and DNA divergence between it and other species is 6.24%–7.90%, which belongs to inter-specific difference. Thus, the study defines this musk deer as one distinct species,Moschus anhuiensis (Wang, Huet al.)     

镁离子浓度对猪心细胞色素C的反胶团萃取的影响

用ＡＯＴ／异辛烷反胶团系统萃取了添加不同浓度镁离子的猪心提取液中的细胞包素Ｃ．其结果为：添加０．０２５ｍｏｌ／ＬＭｇ２＋的萃取率Ｅ．Ｒ，（ＥｘｔｒａｃｔＲａｔｉｏ）为９６．５％（氧化型和还原型平均值）．添加０．３ｍｏｌ／ＬＭｇ２＋的萃取率为２８．３％。萃取后水相的吸收光谱中，还原型细胞色素Ｃ在５２０ｎｍ、５５０ｎｍ的吸收峰值消失。１２０ｎｍ的吸收峰值显著降低。萃取有机相的吸收光谱中，还原型细胞包素Ｃ在４２０ｎｍ、５２０ｎｍ和５５０ｎｍ处的特征吸收峰值显著。经反萃取后水相的吸收光谱与提取液以及萃取有机相的吸收光谱相同。说明添ＷＭｇ２＋后，经ＡＯＴ／异辛烷萃取和反萃取过程能将细胞包素Ｃ从猪心提取液中萃取分离出来。     

细胞色素P450酶系的异源表达研究

传统的药物代谢主要以实验动物为对象进行药物早期及临床研究,近几年来,结合生物化学与分子生物学的发展,药物早期代谢研究进入到药物体外代谢的研究阶段,主要围绕人肝内参与代谢的细胞色素P450家族展开.本文就近年来对此家族酶的异源表达及其在药物代谢中的应用进行了综述.     

Morphometric and molecular variation in mountain catfishes (Amphiliidae: Amphilius) in Guinea,West Africa

Species of the genus Amphilius are small benthic catfishes that occur throughout tropical Africa and are abundant in the mountain streams of the Fouta Djalon region in Guinea, West Africa. During a 2003 expedition to the area, numerous amphiliid catfish were collected and initial observations revealed a large amount of morphological variation across the sampled basins. These specimens were subjected to a geometric morphometric analysis and standard morphometric analysis. Cytochrome b gene sequences were also obtained and compared among populations. These analyses resulted in the discovery of multiple cryptic taxa within two recognized species, Amphilius platychir and Amphilius rheophilus. The discovery of these taxa is compared with other recent discoveries from the area.     

Phylogenetic relationships of Mesobuthus eupeus (C.L. Koch, 1839) inferred from COI sequences (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

In this study, the first molecular phylogenetic analysis of Mesobuthus eupeus in Iran is presented based on sequence data of a ～ 700-base-pair fragment of cytochrome C oxidase, subunit I. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred using parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. The results support monophyly of M. eupeus, but there is a clear divergence between northern and southern clades. The northern clade includes four subspecies – M. e. eupeus, M. e. philippovitschi, M. e. afghanus and M. e. thersites; whereas the southern clade is comprised of two others – M. e. phillipsi and M. e. kirmanensis. Accordingly, possible scenarios for the evolution and phylogeographic structure of M. eupeus based on the geological history of the Iranian Plateau were proposed. The observation of two distinct lineages supports the proposal that M. eupeus might be a species complex composed of species with highly similar morphological features.     

Phylogeography of the Eurasian red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris orientis) on the boreal island of Hokkaido,Japan

To test postglacial population expansion in small arboreal mammals dependent on boreal and subboreal forests, we used complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences (1140 bases) to investigate the phylogeography of the Eurasian red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris orientis) on the Hokkaido Island of Japan. This subspecies is common in the boreal and subboreal forests of Hokkaido. We examined 61 specimens from 27 localities in Hokkaido. Phylogenetic relationships among 29 haplotypes found in the Hokkaido populations were not associated with geographic distribution of sampling localities. There were four mitochondrial DNA phylogroups. Phylogeographic analyses support sudden expansion of S. vulgaris orientis from restricted refugium in the southern part of Hokkaido during the last glacial period. The phylogeographic structure of this subspecies directly reflects the boreal and subboreal forest dynamics occurring in Hokkaido.     

两种细胞色素b5水溶性结构域的性质结构比较

分别将编码牛肝微粒体细胞色素ｂ５水溶性结构域片段Ａ１ａ７－Ａｒｇ８８和Ｓｅｒ５－Ｓｅｒ９７基因在大肠杆菌ＪＭ８３中高效表达，分离纯化后得到Ｔｂ５和Ｌｂ５２种重组野生型蛋白。用核磁共振、紫外可见光谱、圆二色散光谱、循环伏安等方法研究结果表明，Ｌｂ５肽链２端残基未能使蛋白质的血红素周围环境与Ｔｂ５蛋白质Ｎ末端的Ｓｅｒ５和Ｌｙｓ６２个残基所贡献。     

Effects on the early development of the pearl sac by cytochrome c, yolk lecithin and polyvinyplyrro

Mantle pieces ofHyriopisis cumingii was treated by three kinds of solution, These mantle pieces were inserted together with paraffin nucleuses into the connective tissue of three groups ofHyriopisis cumingii. These operated animals were cultured in a pool for a month. Several pearl sacs were put out and immersed by Bouin's solution after every five days. Sections of each animals were made by histological method. Those without treatment were in a control group. Observations of these sections showed that cytochrome c and yolk lecithin have an accelerated roles on pearl sac development and pearl layer secretion. No effects on pearl sac development by polyvinyplyrrolidone (PVP). Zheng Junying:born in May, 1966, Lecturer