颗粒蛋白前体小干扰RNA提高小鼠皮肤创面修复的质量

为探讨颗粒蛋白前体(progranulin, PGRN)小干扰RNA对提高小鼠切创损伤创面愈合质量的作用,通过选取33只健康雄性BALB/c小鼠,制做小鼠背部皮肤孔状切除模型,按照处理因素不同随机分为3组：健康小鼠对照组(Control组)、溶剂+皮肤孔状切除组(Vehicle组)和Si-m-PGRN+皮肤孔状切除组(Si-m-PGRN组)。分别于造模后0、4、8、12和16天背部皮下注射30 ul的生理盐水或Si-m-PGRN。各组小鼠分别于4、8、12、16和20天麻醉处死取材,采用大体观察、常规组织学检查和免疫组织化学染色等方法研究了创面愈合情况。结果表明： Si-m-PGRN组与Vehicle组相比,创面面积缩小明显,愈合率较快,新生表皮的细胞层数较多,表皮较厚,分层明显。可见PGRN小干扰RNA在一定程度上可以显著提高创面愈合的质量,这些初步结果为皮肤损伤由解剖修复到功能修复的完美愈合提供了新的治疗思路。     

考虑固结效应的高填方夯实地基桩侧负摩阻力计算方法

依托在高填方夯实地基上进行的桩侧负摩阻力现场试验,根据负摩阻力测试结果,提出考虑固结效应的高填方夯实地基桩侧负摩阻力计算方法。该方法对高填方地基强夯加固区与非加固区分段进行侧摩阻力计算,采用太沙基一维固结理论计算桩侧土沉降,反映固结效应对桩侧摩阻力的影响,利用土-混凝土界面直接剪切试验得到桩土荷载传递函数,反映桩土相对位移对侧阻力发挥程度的影响,采用有限差分法求得计算公式的数值解,并将计算结果与现场试验结果对比分析。结果表明,采用文中推导的公式计算的桩侧负摩阻力沿深度的变化趋势与现场试验测试结果一致,现场实测桩侧负摩阻力值约是理论计算值的1/2,工程应用时可将理论计算的桩侧负摩阻力值乘以0.5的折减系数。     

姜黄在啮齿类实验动物标认中的应用

摘要:目的 通过观察姜黄( Curcumae longae rhizoma)乙醇提取液对实验动物皮肤的毒性反应,探讨用姜黄染色标认啮齿类实验动物的可行性。 方法 姜黄粉加入适量 75%乙醇,蘸取上清液标认白化豚鼠,记录随时间而变化的颜色,并用上清液进行多次皮肤刺激性实验、皮肤光毒实验及皮肤变态反应实验。 结果 经姜黄提取液染色标认后第 21 天,动物着色仍清晰可见;皮肤反应评分表明姜黄无明显皮肤刺激性、光毒性及变态反应。 结论 姜黄作为一种传统中药,其黄色食用染料,适用于染色标认啮齿类实验动物。     

WFT的压力影响因素分析及渗透率计算方法的改进

电缆地层测试器(Wireline Formation Tester)的压力测量，主要受到来自仪器的存储效应和测量环境的表皮效应的影响，通过三维有限元数值模拟程序定量的描述了存储效应和表皮效应与压力的关系。结果表明，受存储效应的影响，在低渗透率地层测量的压力，没有稳定的压力降，不经过校正，不能进行渗透率的计算；受表皮效应的影响，测量的压力降只有原来的1／3，这使地层的渗透率被低估。为了消除影响渗透计算的因素，研究了电缆地层测试器的量纲为1解释图版，对存储效应和表皮效应进行了校正，提高了渗透率计算精度。     

Numerical Simulation of Peen Forming

Peen forming is the most important process for the manufacturing of integral wing skin panels. In order to determine peening parameters, an equivalent deformation theory was proposed in which peening parameters are transformed into equivalent nodal forces. In this study, a linear elastic shell finite element method is adopted. Other related problems such as wing skin panel modeling and peening scheme analysis were also outlined. The method has been applied to manufacturing panels of a certain Chinese aircraft and was proved to be effective in reducing peening experimental tests and improving products quality.     

超完善井条件下三重介质试井解释模型求解方法

无论是均质油藏还是碳酸盐岩油藏试井解释模型,求解时负表皮系数会引起早期数据的不稳定。将Ramey提出的无限大均质油藏负表皮系数计算方法推广至具有边界的多重介质油藏,即引入折算半径的同时,对无因次时间、井筒储存系数、窜流系数以及测试井到边界的距离进行修正。计算结果表明,利用该方法求解解释模型,早期数据不发散、稳定性好。     

Cyclosporine resistant effector cells in rabbit skin allografts

Summary Histoincompatible skin grafts in rabbits treated with cyclosporine can permanently engraft but show a transient mononuclear cellular infiltrate. This transient cyclosporine-resistant infiltrate consists of cells which are sensitive to steroids, radiation and cryopreservation. They have the same ACM-1 phenotype and the same characteristics as cyclosporine-sensitive cells.9 January 1987Supported by the Swiss National Research Foundation, Grant No. 3.908-0.83.     

无蹼壁虎（Gekkoswinhonis）皮肤及皮肤感受器的形态研究

应用扫描电镜和半薄切片技术对无蹼壁虎（Ｇｅｋｋｏｓｗｉｎｈｏｎｉｓ）的皮肤及皮肤感受器的表面结构和显微结构进行了观察。一般皮肤鳞片表面密集具倒钩的锥状突起，感受器位于鳞片表面的凹窝中，可分周围区和中心具感觉毛的中央区。在蜕皮周期中，表皮的显微结构变化与一般有鳞爬行类相似，但是，在感受器的表皮中无β－角质层，蜕皮时也不形成预定β－角质层，而且，紧贴感受器的表皮下有特殊的圆形真皮结构。推测感受器可能具有感受机械刺激和感受辐射热的双重功能。     

Decision-making at the surface of the intact or barrier disrupted skin: potential applications for vaccination or therapy

The skin is a highly accessible organ and constitutes an active immunological site. Both these properties make this surface an attractive route for what promises to be a cost-effective, simple, practical and needle-free delivery of vaccines and immunomodulators. Less obvious is the fact that the state of the skin barrier can influence quantitative and qualitative aspects of antigen-specific immune responses. The everyday decision-making at the skin epithelium concerns the choice between the induction of an immune response and the establishment of a state of non-responsiveness (tolerance). This decision is influenced by various factors such as the dose, the route (intact vs barrier-disrupted skin), the cytokine microenvironment and the nature of the antigenic stimulus. By increasing our understanding of how immune responses are regulated in the epidermis we can envisage the development of immunisation protocols aimed at eliciting a protective immune response or inducing tolerance, with direct applications to preventive or therapeutic vaccination, respectively.Received 29 November 2004; received after revision 2 February 2005; accepted 22 February 2005     

双层钢箱截面组合索塔力学性能试验

设计制作了5个具有开孔板连接件和5个具有焊钉连接件的双层钢箱截面钢-混凝土组合索塔模型试件,根据索塔实际受力特性进行轴压和恒定轴力下的往复弯曲荷载试验.试验展示了使用两类连接件的双层钢箱组合索塔在不同荷载作用下的破坏形态和极限能力,结果表明:开孔板和焊钉均能约束受压钢板的屈曲波长,连接件的类型对试件破坏的具体形态有一定影响;轴压比是影响试件力学性能的主要因素,所有试件都根据其大小分为受压破坏和受拉破坏两类;无轴力和过高的轴力都会明显降低构件在往复荷载下的力学性能.最后,将试验结果与按照基于刚塑性原理的规范计算得到的承载能力进行比较.