Airborne pollen content in the atmosphere of central Italy (1982–1986)

Summary This report describes qualitatively and quantitatively the content of pollen in the atmosphere of central Italy during the five years 1982–1986. Total production in this period showed fluctuations depending on the flowering seasons of the anemophilous taxa. The season of maximum pollen concentration was from April to July, with a prevalence of arboreal pollen in thefirst months, and of pollen from herbaceous plants in the last months of the year. During the five years of research more than 81 different types of pollen grains were recorded and identified. In both the cities investigated Curpessaceae/Taxaceae, Fagaceae, Oleaceae Gramineae and Urticaceae were responsible for the greatest amounts of pollen.     

响应面法优化大比例厂拌热再生混合料参数

为对大比例厂拌热再生沥青混合料的工艺参数进行优化设计,选取再生料(reclaimed asphalt pavement, RAP)掺量,再生料预热温度,以及再生剂掺量为试验变量,选取动稳定度,低温小梁弯曲最大弯拉应变,以及冻融劈裂强度比为响应变量。使用Design-Expert软件中的Box-Behnken响应面优化设计方法,进行三因素三水平优化设计。其中,动稳定度,最大弯拉应变和冻融劈裂强度比分别作为混合料高温稳定性,低温抗裂性和水稳定性的衡量指标。再生料掺量选取20%～40%,再生料预热温度选取100～140℃,再生剂掺量选取6%～10%,响应变量均以最大值为优进行优化设计。结果表明：再生料掺量对于3个响应变量都有显著影响,而再生料预热温度和再生剂掺量对动稳定度和低温小梁弯曲最大弯拉应变有较大影响,对冻融劈裂强度比影响较小。优化得到最优解的再生料掺量为25.69%,再生料预热温度为131.59℃,再生剂掺量为8.29%。此时动稳定度为3 224.35次/mm,最大弯拉应变为2 870.37με,冻融劈裂强度比为89.230 1%。且使用优化后的工艺参数进行试验,得到的结果与预测结果...     

四元数中心封闭矩阵的分解

证明了四元数体Q上任一可中心化矩阵皆可表示为两个自共轭矩阵的乘积，进而得到了四元数中心封闭矩阵的一个充要条件及一些性质。     

奇阶中心对称幻方的de la Loubere 构造方法的证明

幻方的奇妙的构造方法上有高智能的特点，揭示其规律并上升到理论的高度不仅有着数学上的价值，而且对深入探讨客观世界丰富的对称结构及其变化规律有着积极的意义，奇阶中心对称幻方的ｄｅ ｌａ Ｌｏｕｂｅｒｄ构造方法是在１７世纪发现的，并被中外组合数学方面的书籍广为引用，但至今未看到此方法严格的数学证明，运用组合数学的方法，完成了这件工作，它属于幻方理论化工作之一，幻方理论化工作的价值在于赋予构造幻方操作的数     

Lack of tolerance development to tumor necrosis factor α inside the central nervous system

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was repeatedly microinfused into the lateral ventricle of guinea pig brains at a dose of 200 ng, 4 times within 150 min, at intervals of 3 days. In comparison to guinea pigs infused with solvent according to the same time schedule, the animals responded to TNF with pronounced fevers. The quantity of the fever response was the same after each of the 4 microinfusions of TNF. Three days after the last infusion of TNF or solvent all animals received an intramuscular injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The fever in response to LPS was the same in both groups. Thus, the reported development of tolerance to repeated systemic administration of TNF^1–3 does not develop inside the blood-brain barrier. Also, the febrile response to LPS is not influenced by repeated central pre-treatment with TNF, whereas repeated peripheral treatment does have an effect.     

框架与框剪结构建筑工程量计算要领

在框架与框剪结构建筑工程量计算中,用本文赋予新概念的基线“外（墙）梁柱中心线”,“内（墙）梁柱净长线”,“外（墙）梁柱外边线”和基面（各楼层楼板面积）来统筹其工程量计算,并以柱、梁、板项目力主导展于各分项计算程序,能使繁杂而易混淆不清的工程量计算问题得以简明、准确、完整地解决。     

Cephalopod myocardial receptors: Pharmacological studies on the isolated heart ofSepia officinalis (L.)

Summary This paper presents a synopsis of the information available about the pharmacological action of various substances on the cephalopod heart, with special emphasis on the central heart ofSepia officinalis. Threshold concentrations, EC₅₀ values and maximum effective concentrations have been experimentally determined. Studies with various transmitter substances, analogous compounds and antagonists have led to the following picture: Acetylcholine is the natural inhibitory transmitter substance; it acts via receptors with nicotinic properties which can be blocked by d-tubocurarine and -bungarotoxin. The probable excitatory transmitter system is represented by a noradrenergic innervation. Noradrenaline has a positive inotropic and a positive chronotropic action on in vitro heart preparations. A positive inotropic response can also be evoked by serotonin (5-HT); this effect is not due to stimulation of the catecholamine receptor, as is shown by cross-over experiments with specific blocking agents. Furthermore, a peptidergic receptor system has been described which reacts with the molluscan cardioactive peptide FMRF amide most effectively. It is assumed that cardioactive peptides may reach the central heart in the circulating blood; the sites of synthesis and release are still unknown. Possibly the NSV-layer of the vena cava is involved in hormonal cardiovascular regulation processes.     

凸轮转子叶片马达的过渡曲线中心角参数优化

提出了针对凸轮转子外轮廓过渡曲线段的参数优化设计方法.通过对马达关键参数解析式推导及分析,得出了压力角、叶片干扰转矩、流量脉动、泄漏量与过渡曲线中心角之间的关系.通过解析计算及仿真,得出了该类型叶片马达凸轮转子设计的理论依据和优化参数.经过实验验证,基于该中心角优化参数设计的凸轮转子叶片马达取得了良好的伺服精度,证明了凸轮转子过渡曲线段中心角参数优化设计的正确性和可行性.     

新公共管理语境下大学自治权限分配的公法争议及其解决

作为一种“历史的妥协”,大学自治的权限分配集中表现为国家管制与学术自治的双重集权结构。在大学自治的外部关系与内部关系方面,分别表现为以功能为导向的国家间隔原则和利益相关者参与原则。在新公共管理语境下,传统的自治观点开始被行政法学视野下的治理理论所取代。据此,大学自治的权限分配开始呈现新的变化,并在学说与实务上引发诸多公法争议。就大学自治的外部关系而言,传统的国家管制模式开始被监管型治理模式所取代,国家规制系统呈现“隐性强化”的特征;就大学自治的内部关系而言,传统的学术自治权限被削弱,而管理自治、利益相关者引导机制以及竞争机制得到持续强化。因此,应重申大学自治权限分配的民主正当路径与合法性逻辑,以实现国家监督、大学自治与师生权益保障之间的动态平衡。     

基于中线平移互交视线测设法的斜交桥梁墩台定位控制

以福建某高速公路尤溪段源湖桥为例，阐述了中线平移互交视线测设法在斜交桥梁墩台定位的应用情况，实践证明该法能够很好地解决斜交桥梁墩台定位的问题。