Effects of Carbon Content and Solidification Rate on the Thermal Conductivity of Grey Cast Iron

The thermal conductivity/diffusivity of pearlitic grey irons with various carbon contents was investigated by the laser flash method. The materials were cast in controlled thermal environments producing three dissimilar cooling rates. The cooling rates together with the carbon content largely influence the thermal conductivity of grey iron. Linear relationships exist between the thermal conductivity and the carbon content, the carbon equivalent, and the fraction of the former primary solidified austenite transformed into pearlite. The results show that the optimal thermal transport properties are obtained at medium cooling rates. Equations are given for the thermal conductivity of pearlite, solidified as pre-eutectic austenite, and the eutectic of grey iron. The thermal conductivity of pearlitic grey iron is modelled at both room temperature and elevated temperatures with good accuracy.     

手机短信中的模因关照

模因在手机短信的发展过程中有着重要作用,它们的复制、传播为丰富短信语言提供了一条快捷、有效的途径。我们介绍了模因的概念,模因的周期理论,说明名人名言、诗词名句、流行事物等模因在短信中成功复制和传播的原因,然后重点分析了表现型（phenotype）的短信模因。我们以模因论为基础,通过对短信中的模因现象的探析,为人们短信写作提供一些有益的启示和借鉴,也为手机短信的研究开辟一个新视角。     

免疫胶体金对小鼠巨噬细胞和NK细胞活性的影响

实验设计了4种直径和3种剂量12个组合的胶体金对小白鼠进行注射处理：采用MTT法和LDH短程释放法．测定了腹腔巨嗜细胞活性和脾脏NK细胞活性．结果表明：不同直径和剂量的CG对机体有不同程度的影响。其中直径15nm．10nmCG的0．3mL和0．2mL剂量组可显著提高腹腔巨噬细胞活性及脾脏NK细胞杀伤活性,0．1mL剂量组虽有提高但不显著;直径5nm．20nm各个剂量组效果的波动较大,中、高剂量组对四项指标起促进作用但不显著．低剂量组则没有促进作用。证明了15nm和10nm中高剂量的胶体金可显著提高小鼠巨噬细胞功能和脾脏NK细胞活性。     

Cloning and characterization of 37 kD laminin receptor precursor in pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata

A 1063 bp cDNA clone encoding a putative 37 kDa laminin receptor precursor （37 kDa LRP） is isolated from the mantle tissue of pearl oyster, Pinctadafucata. The amino acid sequence predicted from the cDNA sequence is 301 residues long, with a calculated molecular mass of 33.5 kDa. RT-PCR analysis shows that 37 kDa LRP mRNA is especially highly expressed in the mantle while widely expressed in several tissues. In situ hybridization analysis reveals that 37 kDa LRP is expressed in the outer epithelial ceils of the mantle edge, suggesting its involvement in cell proliferation and secretion in P. fucata. The identification and characterization of 37 kDa LRP in the pearl oyster will help us to further understand the signal transduction in the processes of mantle epithelial cell proliferation and tissue formation.     

微生物燃料电池与传统厌氧消化处理人工废水的比较

通过微生物燃料电池(microbial fuel cell,MFC)与传统厌氧消化(conventional anaerobic digestion,CAD)的比较试验,考察了对高浓度葡萄糖和硫酸盐人工废水的处理效果.MFC在获得一定能量的同时(I=0.16mA,P=4.76mw/m2),有效去除水中有机物,去除率高于CAD.葡萄糖为碳源,初始TOC=2100mg/L,运行144h,MFC获得91.61%去除率,CAD获得58.85%去除率;初始NH3一N为500mg/L,MFC中去除率最高达92.61%,CAD达72.38%;MFC中对硫酸盐的利用率和CH4产生量都低于CAD;比较结果表明,MFC技术可提高处理高浓度有机废水的效果.     

角蝾螺的生物学特性及营养成分分析

采用形态观测和生物统计学方法对舟山野生角蝾螺基本生物学特征进行研究,并对其软体部主要营养成分进行生化分析。结果表明,角蝾螺由贝壳、软体部、厣等共同组成。贝壳呈陀螺形,体螺层膨大,螺层5~6层,表面平滑或有肋、棘突起,厣石灰质,密生小粒状突起。对螺体各主要性状进行测定表明,角蝾螺在壳高、壳宽、壳口高、厣径、鲜重、壳重、鲜肉重、干肉重、厣重等数量性状上存在明显的相关关系。壳高与壳宽、壳高与壳口高、壳高与厣径、壳高与鲜重、壳高与鲜肉重、壳高与干肉重、厣径和厣重、壳高与厣重的回归关系分别为:y壳宽=0.8575x壳高1.0086、y壳口=0.5225x壳高1.0822、y厣径壳高=0.5542x壳高0.8745、y鲜重=0.397x壳高2.7618、y鲜肉重=0.1096x壳高2.973、y干肉重=0.0211x壳高3.0048、y厣重=0.4218x厣径2.6765、y厣重=0.0716x壳高2.439。对角蝾螺软体部进行主要营养成分分析表明,角蝾螺水分含量为76.55%~76.84%,粗蛋白的含量为18.35%~18.83%(鲜重,下同),脂肪含量为0.72%~0.73%,糖含量为1.86%~1.92%,为高蛋白低脂肪水产品。     

GDNF对睾丸功能的调节

在睾丸中,Sertoli’s细胞等细胞表达胶质细胞源神经营养因子（Glial cell line—derived neuotrophic factor,GDNF）,通过旁分泌或自分泌方式作用于生精细胞和Sertoli’s细胞等,调节精原干细胞（Spermatogonial stem cells,SSCs）的自我更新和分化,并促进Sertoli’s细胞的增殖以及血睾屏障的形成等。     

显微图像自动分析中的细胞定位识别

给出一种利用计算机技术自动识别显微细胞准确位置及检测细胞个数的方法. 对显微细胞图像进行增强处理后, 利用圆弧算法准确定位细胞的位置, 再根据红白细胞的自身特点从图片中有效地分离出红白细胞, 对其进行识别和定量分析. 实验结果表明, 该算法能有效地识别细胞的位置并加以区分, 减少了人为因素的误诊, 并提高了诊断效率和精度.     

Research on the Structure and Properties of Mulberry Fiber

The chemical ingredients, morphological structure and properties of mulberry fiber have been researched. The results show that the mulberry fiber is cellulose fiber. The crystal structure of mulberry fiber is cellulose I and the crystal cell belongs to the monoelinic system. The mulberry fiber crystal degree is 62.9% and orientation degree is 43.7%, the fineness of mulberry fiber is 2.3- 3.9 dtex, the length of the single fiber is 28 - 47 mm, the breaking strength of mulberry fiber is about 2.93 cN/dtex, and the initial modulus is about 76.82 cN/dtex.     

CVD法制备质子交换膜燃料电池用炭纤维纸

采用干法成型技术制备聚丙烯腈（PAN）基炭纤维纸坯体,用化学气相沉积（CVD）法将其制备成炭纸,并在2000℃进行石墨化处理。利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和偏光显微分析（PLM）观察炭纸及坯体的显微结构,利用X射线衍射仪测试炭纸的石墨化度,并利用四探针法测试炭纸的导电性能。研究结果表明：采用干法成型技术制备的炭纸坯体是由炭纤维随机堆积构成的网络结构,孔隙分布较均匀;采用CVD工艺所制备的热解炭具有粗糙层结构特征;炭纸中纤维由热解炭紧密连接;炭纸的平均石墨化度高达82．2％,大于日本Toray炭纸和加拿大Ballard炭纸的石墨化度。CVD法沉积的热解炭改善了炭纸的导电性能,其体电阻率为3313mΩ·cm,低于Toray炭纸和Ballard炭纸的体电阻率（分别为45.2和135．9mΩ·cm）其面电阻率为6．0mΩ·cm,低于Toray炭纸和Ballard炭纸的面电阻率（分别为6．4和16．3m．Ω·cm）。