黄缘盒龟四种组织器官的超微结构

利用透射电子显微镜对黄缘盒龟的横纹肌、心肌、脾脏和肺等组织器官的超微结构进行了观察．结果显示,横纹肌具有明显的明带和暗带结构;心肌的特点是暗带较窄,肌原纤维排列较疏松,其间有大量的线粒体;肺呈海绵状,上皮组织有两类细胞,即Ⅰ型上皮细胞和Ⅱ型上皮细胞;脾脏由白髓和红髓构成,脾窦由单甚扁平细胞覆盖,细胞长杆状,脾内可见浆细胞、淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞．提示黄缘盒龟的横纹肌、心肌、脾脏和肺等4种组织器官的超微结构与哺乳动物相似．     

催产素对蟾蜍离体坐骨神经-腓肠肌收缩的影响

采用常规方法剥离制备神经-腓肠肌标本,分别用浸有0.5％、1％和1.5％催产素的纱布浸润标本,浸润5min后,测量蟾蜍坐骨神经-腓肠肌的阈强度（mv）、收缩幅度（g）以及收缩潜伏期（ms）,与放入正常任氏液作比较。经0.5％的催产素浸润后,腓肠肌的阈强度无明显变化,收缩幅度增大,且潜伏期时间缩短;经1％的催产素浸润后,腓肠肌的阈强度减小,收缩幅度增大,潜伏期时间相应缩短;而经1.5％浓度的催产素浸润后,腓肠肌的阈强度、收缩幅度以及潜伏期均无明显变化。较低浓度催产素可以提高骨骼肌收缩的兴奋性,但受药物剂量的限制。超过一定范围,骨骼肌收缩不随催产素浓度变化或随浓度增加骨骼肌的收缩能力相应减弱。     

艾灸联合盆底肌肉训练治疗前列腺剜除术后压力性尿失禁的效果评价

目的 观察艾灸联合盆底肌肉训练治疗前列腺剜除术后压力性尿失禁的临床疗效.方法 选取2017年7月至2020年6月井冈山大学附属医院80例前列腺剜除术后压力性尿失禁的患者,采用随机数字表法分为实验组40例和对照组40例,对照组采用盆底肌肉训练,实验组在对照组的基础上使用艾灸穴位治疗.比较两组患者术后尿失禁ICI-Q-SF...     

简化太极拳对下肢关节的生物力学影响

通过对30例健康成年人在简化太极拳练习过程中下肢关节角度的测量及分析，发现在整个练拳过程中，受试者下肢关节角度均值的减小具有非常显著性差异。左右下肢关节平均屈曲30～40度即处于功能位，可以有效地提高下肢不同关节周围肌群的各种工作能力，有利于加强人体的行走和跑跳功能。另外，下肢动作弧度基本不受大腿长和小腿长的影响，正说明简化太极拳是适合于不同身高、男女老少皆宜的一项健身运动项目．     

气动人工肌肉驱动仿人灵巧手的结构设计

研究一种气动人工肌肉驱动的多指仿人灵巧手的结构设计. 通过分析正常人体解剖学,针对人类手掌的外形结构、驱动形式及运动规则,设计了一种5指仿人灵巧手. 该灵巧手有5个手指、19个自由度,在外观和功能上与人手接近;手指采用气动人工肌肉驱动,以柔索传动. 实验结果表明,该仿人灵巧手具有很好的柔顺性,并且整体外形和手指关节的运动范围均能达到拟人的效果.     

Interaction of smooth muscle relaxant drugs with calmodulin and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase

Summary Some smooth muscle relaxant drugs with an unknown mechanism of action have been tested for their interaction with calmodulin and with calmodulin-induced cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity. The affinity of these drugs for calmodulin does not parallel their inhibitory effect on the calmodulin activation of PDE. The lack of parallelism could be due to a binding of the drugs to different sites on calmodulin; furthermore a binding of papaverine, octylonium bromide and felodipine to PDE molecule, might also be considered to explain their inhibitory effect on PDE basal activity. The myolytic effect of octylonium bromide and pinaverium bromide may be due to their interaction with calmodulin-dependent systems.     

The effects of temperature on ATPase activity and force generation in skinned muscle fibers from the Pacific blue marlin (Makaira nigricans)

Summary ATPase activity and force generation have been measured simultaneously in isolated, demembranated muscle fibers of the Pacific blue marlin (Makaira nigricans) between 0 and 30°C. Tension generation is relatively independent of temperature above 15°C and falls with a Q₁₀ of <1.5 on decreasing the temperature to 0°C. In contrast, the Q₁₀ for ATPase activity is 2.2 over the range 0–30°C. The results are interpreted in terms of the cross bridge theory of contraction.     

Effects of neuromuscular blockers on carnosine levels in rat skeletal muscle

Summary A 30-min treatment with neuromuscular blocking doses of either physostigmine or d-tubocurarine was associated with a 44% or 36% (respectively) reduction in rat skeletal muscle carnosine levels in vivo.This work was supported by grant NS-06137 of the National Institute of Health.     

Selectivity of alterations in skeletal fibers in chronic Chagas' disease of the mouse

Summary In mice chronically infected withTrypanosoma cruzi, the masseter muscle (rich in type II fibers) was devoid of inflammatory infiltrates and parasites. In contrast, other muscles, composed of type I and II fibers, showed a decrease of type I fibers, parasites and lesions, suggesting that inT. cruzi infection type I muscle fibers are selectively damaged.     

Satellite cells in the regenerated and regrafted skeletal muscles of rats

Summary Soleus (SOL) muscles were grafted into extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle beds (EDL-first-graft). Sixty days later, some mature EDL-first-grafts were regrafted into their own beds (EDL-second-grafts). Fully regenerated muscle fibers and satellite cells were observed in both types of mature grafts. The ratios of satellite cell nuclei per total nuclei (myonuclei and satellite cell nuclei) were 4.81±0.47% for EDL-2nd graft, 4.26±0.51% for EDL-1st-graft, 4.30±0.33% for control SOL, and 3.30±0.18% for control EDL. It is thought that satellite cells are required for the repeated activity of muscle fiber regeneration. The persistance of satellite cells in EDL-second-grafts suggests that satellite cells are not depleted during the first grafting, making second-grafts possible.