卫生部药品标准中药成方制剂中含反药药对成方制剂收载情况与分析

"十八反"、"十九畏"作为中医药领域传统的配伍禁忌,一直沿用至今,但由于临床不乏反药同用治疗某些疾病突显奇效的病案,其是否确属绝对配伍禁忌,是众多学者及临床医生关注的热点问题.<中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准·中药成方制剂>是卫生部为解决中药材品种混乱问题,保证人民用药安全有效,颁布的具有权威性的法定标准.据统计,其1～20册共收载成方制剂4052个品种,其中含反药配伍的成方制剂65个,包括含"十八反"药对的品种43个,含"十九畏"药对的品种25个,既含"十八反"又含"十九畏"药对的品种3个.经分析可知,该标准含反药药对的成方中以乌头类与半夏、官桂与赤石脂配伍使用为多;其临床应用特点,含"十八反"药对的成方主要用于风湿痹病、跌打损伤,剂型以丸剂、膏药、橡胶膏剂为主,口服与外用比例相当;含"十九畏"药对的成方主要用于月经不调,以丸剂口服为主.在处方药味数方面,含反药药对的成方以16～30味的处方较多.     

Scientists and their cultural heritage: Knowledge,politics and ambivalent relationships

For many years, scientific heritage has received attention from multiple actors from different spheres of activity—archives, museums, scientific institutions. Beyond the heterogeneity revealed when examining the place of scientific heritage in different places, an authentic patrimonial configuration emerges and takes the form of a nebula of claims and of accomplishments that result, in some cases, in institutional and political recognition at the national level, in various country all around the world. At the international level, the creation of the international committee dedicated to University Museums and Collections (UMAC) within the International Council of Museums (ICOM) certainly testified from this raising interest in academic heritage and the existence of a specific community concern with it.This article presents numerous initiatives for the preservation of scientific heritage in France, with the goal of analysing the relationship scientists have with their heritage. We argue that scientific communities have a special relationship with heritage, which is characterized by a number of ambiguities. We show that such ambivalences allow analysis of identity, discipline, professional, and social issues operative in defining heritage and being redefined by heritage. To explore these dimensions, we have chosen to present three different case studies. The first traces the institutional uses of heritage by a scientific institution, the Commissariat à l’énergie atomique (CEA), through the transformation of the first French atomic reactor (ZOE) into a museum. The second example describes the initiatives of French astronomers from the mid-1990s to construct a national programme for the protection of astronomy heritage. Lastly, we recount the case of universities, with the example of the Université de Strasbourg.     

一种基于DIS/HLA仿真的空对地作战效果评估方法

空对地作战效果的分析与评估,是空防对抗仿真训练系统的一个核心组成和难点问题。通过深入研究,提出了一种基于D IS/HLA仿真的、将空中进攻过程划分为若干赋权子阶段的空对地作战效果评估方法,可实现航空兵对地整体作战效果与对不同地面目标作战效果的评估。实际应用表明,该方法具有较强的实用性与较高的可信度。     

理工科高校《食品工程基础》公选课的探索与实践

在理工科高校开设《食品工程基础》公选课,可以作为大学生素质教育的一部分,帮助学生了解食品加工的基础知识,指导学生养成良好健康的饮食习惯。本文主要介绍开设该课程的必要性和教学定位,并针对《食品工程基础》课程教学中存在的问题,从课程的教学内容体系、教学方法、教学实践环节等方面,提出了进行教学改革的一些思路和建议。建议教学大纲重广而不重深,并加强实践环节,采用多媒体结合板书的教学方法,运用启发式教育培养适应新时代的高素质创新型人才。     

切削用量对刀具耐用度影响的探讨

简述了切削用量对刀具耐用度的影响程度,叙述了在零件加工过程中合理的选取切削用量和合适的刀具耐用度,对于提高机械加工的效率有很大的作用.     

监督和约束公共权力、预防腐败的制度研究

分析了公共权力腐败产生的根本原因。认为加强制度建设是反腐倡廉的治本之策,需要从静态的权力架构和动态的权力运行制约两方面构建起系统化、网络化的监督体系,结合当前我国对腐败问题的预防和约束的制度措施,提出了相应的见解。     

高等教育中公共选修课实践探讨

公共选修课是高等学校课程体系结构中的一个有机组成部分,是培养大学生综合素质的重要渠道,也是实现通识教育的重要举措。许多高校通过公共选修课的开设使学生受益非浅,取得了令人满意的效果。然而,在公共选修课的教学实践中存在学生选课目的不明确、任课教师责任意识不强和学校管理机制不健全等问题。因此本文对公共选修课中存在的问题提出了相应的对策。     

基于出行需求的公交巴士服务构建初探

基于出行需求的交通服务(DRT,Demand Responsive Transport)就出行者的需求可以迅速地提供相应的出行服务,同时在应对个性化出行需求方面比常规公共交通方式更具时间和空间上的灵活性.作为近年来客运交通领域的一次革新,在欧美发达国家已经得到了较为广泛的应用.立足于DRT的基本理论,探索了DRT模式下...     

Action Research for Sustainable Water Futures in Western Sydney: Reaching Beyond Traditional Stakeholder Engagement to Understand Community Stakeholder Language and Its Implications for Action

Action on issues of ecological significance often requires changes in personal behaviour and political consensus on technologies to support these changes. Unfortunately, many consultation processes only engage a narrow range of stakeholders, usually those professionally engaged or already active on a range of community issues. This paper illustrates how people who are ‘hard to reach’ or seen as ‘apathetic’ might be engaged using ‘action-conversations’ that explore the social climate for action and how scientific/technical messages can be framed in the language of the community.     

齿轮传动效率、啮合效率和摩擦系数的测试

本文发表了齿轮传动在运行过程中的当量啮合效率η_v、和齿面当量摩擦系数μ的测定方法。并介绍用“DCS150型齿轮试验装置”进行圆柱渐开线齿轮传动的总效率η、η,和μ的部份测试结果。