无机化学教学中体现学生主体地位的策略

在无机化学教学中体现学生主体地位对培养学生终身学习的能力具有重要意义.结合具体事例,分别从创设问题情境、启发学生研学、组织学生讨论3方面论述了体现学生主体作用的策略,目的在于提高课堂教学效率.     

Philosophy of chemistry and the image of science

The philosophical analysis of chemistry has advanced at such a pace during the last dozen years that the existence of philosophy of chemistry as an autonomous discipline cannot be doubted any more. The present paper will attempt to analyse the experience of philosophy of chemistry at the, so to say, meta-level. Philosophers of chemistry have especially stressed that all sciences need not be similar to physics. They have tried to argue for chemistry as its own type of science and for a pluralistic understanding of science in general. However, when stressing the specific character of chemistry, philosophers do not always analyse the question ‘What is science?’ theoretically. It is obvious that a ‘monistic’ understanding of science should not be based simply on physics as the epitome of science, regarding it as a historical accident that physics has obtained this status. The author’s point is that the philosophical and methodological image of science should not be chosen arbitrarily; instead, it should be theoretically elaborated as an idealization (theoretical model) substantiated on the historical practice of science. It is argued that although physics has, in a sense, justifiably obtained the status of a paradigm of science, chemistry, which is not simply a physical science, but a discipline with a dual character, is also relevant for elaborating a theoretical model of science. The theoretical model of science is a good tool for examining various issues in philosophy of chemistry as well as in philosophy of science or science studies generally.     

大学“通才教育”背景下《无机化学》教学改革探讨

无机化学是化学及相关专业的一门重要基础课。在通才教育背景下，如何深化无机化学教学改革？本文在教学理念、教学内容、教学方法和评价体系等四个方面进行了初步的探讨。     

新课程理念下中学化学教师素质结构问题探讨

介绍了化学新课程理念的内涵,探讨了在新课程理念下中学化学教师应具备的素质结构,强调在新基础改革形势下,化学教师应更新教育观念,认同素质教育,强化教师职业道德,树立终身教育的观念,努力提高化学教学能力,积极参与教育科研活动,全面提高综合素质.     

高师《分析化学》教材体系的主要特点及教法试验

本文分析了高师分析化学教材体系主要特点,并提出理论课采用辐射式教学法,实验课采用激发式教学法;用双向引导式教学法,把理论课和实验课教学,有机地联系起来.     

化学教学改革与创新型人才培养

简述了21世纪化学人才的基本要求,剖析了现行高校化学人才培养的现状,提出了在课程体系、教学内容、教学方法、教学手段及创新型人才培养模式方面的改革思考和实践.     

化学教学中文献探究教学模式初探

文章对文献探究教学模式的概念、特点、功能、评价以及适用范围进行了介绍;设计出文献探究教学模式在中学化学教学中的使用程序,并且指出了运用文献探究模式教学时需要注意的事项.     

离体植物细胞分化的调控——植物细胞分化与其外界环境因素的关系

本文对近二十年来国内外关于影响离体植物细胞、组织、器官分化的因素研究进行了综合评述,并提出了一个称之为阶段分化的假说且用这个假说来较合适地解释离体植物细胞的分化.与此同时,本文还指出了一些植物组织培养工作面临急需解决的问题.展望未来创造新的植物种类为人类造福.     

苯甲酰类化合物构效关系的模式识别研究

用ＣＮＤＯ／２量化方法计算了３５个苯甲酰类化合物的量化指数,并应用模式识别方法研究了该类化合物的结构对治疗患Ｌ１２１０肿瘤小鼠药效的影响,得到满意的分类图。结果表明化合物的抗癌活性的主要影响因素为ＣＱＳ、ＥＬＵＭＯ、ＥＳＨＥＰ和π,药物的抗癌活性主要是通过抑制核苷酸还原酶所致,而且化合物在体内到达受体的过程和难易程度对药效的影响较大。     

苦楝果实活性物质对植物生长调节作用

应用生物活性鉴定技术,ＴＬＣ及化学成分检验法,论证了苦楝果实中含有对植物生长促进的活性性质,并初步证明这些活性物质为极性较大的萜类化合物,笔者将这些活性物质为“苦楝生长素类”。