埕岛地区潜山油气藏特征

近几年 ,埕岛地区潜山勘探获重大进展 ,发现了太古宇、下古生界、上古生界、中生界等多层系的潜山油气藏 ;油气藏类型有风化壳型、屋脊断块型、潜山内幕型及地层不整合层状油气藏。对该区潜山地质结构、成藏条件分析表明 ,被古近系 (下第三系 )覆盖的埕岛潜山是油气聚集的主要单元之一 ,不同构造单元具有不同的油气分布特征 ,而储集条件控制了油气富集高产。潜山油气藏多与第三系油气藏上下叠置 ,形成复式油气藏。     

单山和双山风场特征的CFD数值模拟

采用CFD模拟方法研究单山和双山情况下三维山丘风场,研究计算模型表面粗糙度对风场的影响,计算不同坡度山体情况下单山的风场,进行两个山体左右排列情况的风场计算,分析坡度、风向角、间距对双山风场的影响.研究表明:山体的计算模型表面粗糙度增大时,山顶上方半山高度的加速效应减弱,山后尾流区的高度增加;山体横风切面的加速效应大于顺风切面,横风切面内半山以上的位置均为风速最大值区域;左右双山紧贴排列情况下,风斜吹时前山山顶的加速比大于后山山顶,风直吹的数据在两者中间.     

黄土高原粮食发展趋势及策略研究

根据建国以后黄土高原地区粮食生产进程经历了振荡期 (1949～ 196 4年 )、徘徊期 (196 5～ 1983年 )、增长期(1984～ 1997年 ) 3个阶段 ,分析了粮食发展趋势 ,预测了 2 0 0 0～ 2 0 30年 7个不同年份全区和分区粮食的总产 ,并在对黄土高原粮食生产进行综合考察与定位试验的基础上 ,结合区域各地粮食生产及地貌类型、土壤侵蚀程度、生态环境、农业生产条件和国家粮食政策 ,提出了粮食可持续发展的经济对策和技术对策 .     

基于综合结构势的黄土结构性非线性本构模型研究

非线性本构模型由于其原理简单,计算方便,所以是当前工程界普遍采用的本构模型之一;但是当其应用到黄土区域工程计算时,由于结构性的存在,使得采用非饱和本构模型模拟出的结果与实际存在一定的差距。为了解决上述存在的问题,以黄土为研究对象,基于综合结构势的思想,首先分析了三轴压缩应力作用下的黄土的结构性宏观应力应变特性及其综合结构势的变化规律;进一步将综合结构势引入引入现有的非线性本构模型,建立了考虑结构性的黄土的非线性本构模型;最后通过与试验数据的对比分析,验证了该模型的合理性及预测结果的准确性。     

黄土高原产业结构调整与生态产业建设对策

文章从黄土高原产业结构现状出发，根据生态经济学原理，提出产业结构调整与生态产业建设的重点与对策．     

Identification of the deposited layers in landslides reservoir and investigation of the sediment yields during the later sixteenth century on the Hill Loess Plateau,China

There are many sediment trapping reservoirs in the Hill Loess Plateau. The Huangtuwa small catchment is selected as a research field where samples were collected in a sediment deposit profile with a vertical length of 12.73 m. By the variation of fine particle content and pollen concentration, 54 flood couples were identified. Taking the freeze-thawing disturbed texture as the sign of the latest flood couple in a year, it is ascertained that those 54 floods should happen in 31 years. Using pyramid volume calculation formula, the sediment yields of flood ranged between 716-30376 t· km^-2, The average sediment yield was 7106 t· km^-2, The annual sediment yields varied between 968-55579 t· （km^2· a）^-1, and the average value is 12629 t· （km^2· a）^-1. Compared with the modern annual sediment discharge of the Huaining River, the erosion rate in the Huangtuwa region 450 years ago was similar to the modern erosion rate. In the period from the 27th year to the 31st year, the average annual sediment yield increased sharply to 31309 t· （km^2· a）^-1. It implied that re-reclamation of the abandoned land in the catchment since the landslide disaster, where vegetation had rehabilitated already, caused very severe soil erosion in the catchment.     

裂缝网络模型的建立及其在任丘潜山油藏中的应用

裂缝网络参数是潜山裂缝油藏开发和剩余油挖潜不可缺少的重要参数.针对潜山裂缝油藏依据油田区资料无法建立裂缝网络模型这一特点,提出了通过建立相似露头区裂缝网络模型来实现这一目的的思路和方法,并应用到任丘潜山油藏中.结果与开发动态资料吻合得非常好,说明利用相似露头是建立潜山裂缝油藏裂缝网络模型的有效手段.     

Diet control on carbon isotopic composition of land snail shell carbonate

Carbon isotope compositions for both the carbonate shells and soft bodies (organic tissue) of living land snails collected mostly from the Loess Plateau, China have been measured. The result shows that δ 13C values range from -13.1‰ to -4.3‰ for the aragonite shell samples and from -26.8‰ to -18.0‰ for the soft body samples. Although the shells are enriched in 13C relative to the bodies averagely by 14.2(±0.8)‰, the shell δ 13Ca values are closely correlated to the body δ 13Corg values, expressed as δ 13Ca = 1.021 δ 13Corg 14.38 (R = 0.965; N = 31). This relationship indicates that δ 13Ca is primarily a function of the isotopic composition of the snail diets since previous studies have proved that the snail body is the same as their food in carbon isotope composition. In other words, carbon isotope compo-sition of the carbonate shell can be used as a proxy to estimate the dietary 13C abundance of the land snails. The data also support that the 13C enrichment of the carbonate shells results mainly from the equilibrium fractionations between the metabolic CO2, HCO3-in the hemolymph and shell aragonite, and partially from kinetic fractionations when snail shells form during their activity.     

煤矿矸石山喷爆的形成机制与影响因素

煤矿矸石山喷爆、是煤矿生产中常见的一种灾害。笔者通过灾害个案调查，从通风、降雨、挖掘三个角度探讨了喷爆的形成机制，较为系统地分析了喷爆的影响因素。矸石山中硫化物、油页岩、残存煤等可燃物的成分、含量及聚集状态，矸石的力学性质、破碎程度、堆积形式等是矸石山喷爆的内部原因；通风、降雨、气温、挖掘等燃烧条件的改善，是矸石山喷爆的外部原因。通过本文的分析与研究，旨在加深对矸石山喷爆的认识。为其灾害的预防与治理奠定基础。     

简析黄土高原的生态环境建设

介绍了黄土高原生态环境现状,指出了环境恶化的危害,分析了形成生态环境脆弱的原因,提出了改善生态环境的几点建议。