混流式水轮机转轮内部流场数值分析

从Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程出发,采用层流模型描述水流动状态,并在欧拉坐标系中用速度－压力修正法对模型进行求解,考虑到转轮内流道几何形状比较复杂,故采用有限元法进行数值离散,并将该解法用ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮ语言编制计算程序,对三峡工程混 式水轮机转轮内部的流场进行数值计算,分析了转轮内的速度和压力分布。     

Numerical simulation of unsteady turbulent flow through a Francis turbine

This paper introduces the 3D numerical simulation of unsteady turbulent flow in the entire flow passage of a Francis turbine with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology. The boundary conditions have been implemented based on the 3D averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The governing equations are discreted on space by the finite volume method and on time step by the finite difference method. The 3D unsteady turbulent flow in an entire Francis turbine model is calculated successfully using the CFX-TASCflow software and RNG k-ε turbulence model. Transient flow fields are simulated in the spiral case, the distributor, the runner, and the draft tube for the optimum operating condition. Meanwhile, the velocity and pressure at any points in the flow fields can be obtained so as to provide the great value on the performance prediction. By means of the numerical simulation in a flow field, it is verified that every component in a Francis turbine model is designed reasonably. The basis for the further researches on hydraulic turbines is also built.     

混流式转轮的性能预估和增容优化

通过对原型混流式转轮的三维定常湍流计算,找出导致水轮机出力达不到设计要求的原因,根据计算结果对原型转轮提出增容优化改造建议,对改造后的转轮性能进行预估,以验证增容优化改造方案的可行性.流场计算以连续方程和雷诺时均N-S方程为基础,选用标准k-ε两方程湍流模型使方程组封闭,通过贴体坐标下的有限体积法对控制方程进行离散,数值求解采用SIMPLIC算法.计算结果表明,增容优化改造后的水轮机转轮流场分布较为合理,满足电站水力参数的要求,改造方案可行.此方法也可推广到转轮水力设计中.