甲烷无氧脱氢芳构化W/MCM-22基催化剂积炭的表征研究

利用TEM和XRD对积炭的甲烷无氧脱氢芳构化W／MCM-22基催化剂及其参比样进行观测，结果显示。催化剂上的积炭主要是无定形碳，间或有为数甚少的碳纳米管或碳纤维，无可观量石墨状碳存在的XRD证据．利用氢氟酸溶液处理积炭的W／MCM-22基催化剂试样，溶解除去沸石分子筛基催化剂组分，后用溶剂CH2Cl2进行萃取分离．可得不溶性和可溶性两类碳沉积物，前占主体量，后占总积炭量不足10％；利用FTIR、MS和^1H NMR等谱学方法对积炭进行表征，结果表明，可溶性碳沉积物主要是一些分子量在523～745范围的饱和脂肪烃高聚物，不溶性碳沉积物主要为稠环芳烃大分子．     

双圆弧齿轮传动的动力学模型

本文根据双圆弧齿轮的啮合原理和传动特点，建立了包括静态传递误差、时变啮合刚度、阻尼等影响因素的双圆弧齿轮传动的动力学模型，为开展双圆弧齿轮传动的动态特性研究提供了参考     

Reception and discovery: the nature of Johann Wilhelm Ritter’s invisible rays

Ultraviolet radiation is generally considered to have been discovered by Johann Wilhelm Ritter in 1801. In this article, we study the reception of Ritter’s experiment during the first decade after the event—Ritter’s remaining lifetime. Drawing on the attributional model of discovery, we are interested in whether the German physicists and chemists granted Ritter’s observation the status of a discovery and, if so, of what. Two things are remarkable concerning the early reception, and both have to do more with neglect than with (positive) reception. Firstly, Ritter’s observation was sometimes accepted as a fact but, with the exception of C. J. B. Karsten’s theory of invisible light, it played almost no role in the lively debate about the nature of heat and light. We argue that it was the prevalent discourse based on the metaphysics of Stoffe that prevented a broader reception of Ritter’s invisible rays, not the fact that Ritter himself made his findings a part of his Naturphilosophie. Secondly, with the exception of C. E. Wünsch’s experiments on the visual spectrum, there was no experimental examination of the experiment. We argue that theorizing about ontological systems was more common than experimenting, because, given its social and institutional situation, this was the appropriate way of contributing to physics. Consequently, it was less clear in 1810 than in 1801 what, if anything, had been discovered by Ritter.     

Mathematical method and Newtonian science in the philosophy of Christian Wolff

This paper aims to illuminate Christian Wolff’s view of mathematical reasoning, and its use in metaphysics, by comparing his and Leibniz’s responses to Newton’s work. Both Wolff and Leibniz object that Newton’s metaphysics is based on ideas of sense and imagination that are suitable only for mathematics. Yet Wolff expresses more regard (than Leibniz) for Newton’s scientific achievement. Wolff’s approval of the use of imaginative ideas in Newtonian mathematical science seems to commit him to an inconsistent triad. For he rejects their use in metaphysics, and also holds that every scientific discipline must follow mathematics’ method. A facile resolution would be to suppose Wolff identifies the method of mathematics with the order in which propositions are deduced, or with “analysis” that reveals the structure of concepts. This would be to assimilate Wolff’s view to Leibniz’s (on which all mathematical propositions are ultimately derived from definitions, and definitions are justified by conceptual analysis). On this construal, mathematical reasoning involves only the understanding. But Wolff conceives mathematics’ method more broadly, to include processes of concept-formation which involve perception and imagination. Thus my way of resolving the tension is to find roles for perception and imagination in the formation of metaphysical concepts.     

建筑术语“女儿墙”的英译

建筑术语“女儿墙”指的是沿建筑物顶部边缘修建的矮砖墙。对于“女儿墙”一词，现行词典一般翻译为“parapet”。通过对“女儿墙”和“parapet”的含义进行解析，发现两个词存在不少差异，单独的“parapet”不足以正确表达女儿墙的中文含义。笔者建议译为roof parapet。     

C程序设计课程教学方法探讨

针对C程序设计语言课程教学效果不理想的现状，从教学方法的改革入手，介绍了多模式教学法、任务驱动教学法在C程序设计课程中的实施情况．     

女性之善——但丁女性观新探

以西方神话为文化链接，从希腊文化的世俗性和希伯来文化的宗教理性以及以基督教为主流的中世纪人手，揭示女性在逻各斯、菲勒斯父权语境中所扮演的堕落而又罪恶的角色。但是但丁作为中世纪的思想家却以他独有的文化智慧颠覆和超越了基督教对女性的“敌视”，体现出一种崭新的人文主义世界观——女性之善。     

微乳介质中相转移催化制备乙酸苄酯的研究

在Oil／Water(简称O／W)型微乳介质中实施苄氯与乙酸钠的相转移催化反应，在室温下成功地制得了乙酸苄酯，并且研究了几种因素对产品得率的影响，使产品得率可达80％．表明在微乳介质中可大大提高相转移催化效率，从而大大加快反应速率．     

Kramers连接式的共形映射法推导

对W.K.B.法,将波函数从实轴上解析延拓到复平面,然后引入一个共形映射,将z平面映射于w平面,在新平面上,经典通区和禁区波函数可于单位圆上直接连接,最终得到Kramers连接式.