红豆杉离体胚培养快速育苗研究

采用Ｂ５和ＭＳ相组合的ＢＭ基本培养基和适宜浓度的激素（２,４－Ｄ,６－ＢＡ和ＧＡ３）能解除红豆杉种胚的休眠．单因子试验和不同组合的正交试验结果显示：单独使用２,４－Ｄ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ,６－ＢＡ２ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＧＡ３２ｍｇ／Ｌ均在一定程度上促使红豆杉种胚的萌发,萌发率分别为７０％,５５％和２８．６％;最佳正交组合为６－ＢＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋２,４－Ｄ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＡＣ４ｇ／Ｌ,萌发率达８１％．     

可可茶子叶培养中体细胞胚状体形成及植株再生

用含有０．５ｍｇＬ－１２,４－Ｄ或０．５ｍｇＬ－１２,４－Ｄ加２ｍｇＬ－１ＰＣＰＡ的ＳＨ培养基（含ρ（蔗糖）＝３％）培养可可茶的未成熟子叶,２周后即可从合子胚的下胚轴诱导出胚状体,５～７周后可以从子叶表皮直接诱导出胚状体．在含０．２ｍｇＬ－１２,４－Ｄ的培养基中,子叶外植体在培养４周内即能分化出胚状体且分化频率较高．培养１５周后把培养物转接至含２ｍｇＬ－１ＢＡ加上０．２ｍｇＬ－１ＩＢＡ的培养基中（含ρ（葡萄糖）＝２．５％）可以诱导出“种子状胚”、“芽状胚”和“杯状胚”,并可使“种子状胚”和“芽状胚”转化成苗．另外,还可诱导出丛芽并使丛芽转化成无根苗．若把“芽状胚”转移到含５ｍｇＬ－１ＧＡ－３和１ｍｇＬ－１ＩＡＡ的培养基中,“芽状胚”转化成无根苗的频率较高．     

罗斯鸡曲霉菌病的初步诊疗

本文报道了一例罗斯雏鸡的患病症状与病理解剖情况。通过其病变组织被切碎制成菌悬液进行培养、镜检、鉴定，作者发现此病是曲霉菌引起的，并进一步提出了预防措施及用中西医结合治疗的有效方法     

Developmental control of heat shock and chaperone gene expression Hsp70 genes and heat shock factors during preimplantation phase of mouse development

Heat shock genes are found in all organisms, and synthesis of heat shock proteins is induced by various stressors in nearly all the cells forming these organisms. However, a particular situation is noticed for hsp70 genes in mouse embryos at the beginning of their development. First, spontaneous expression of hsp70 is observed at the onset of zygotic genome activity. Second, inducible expression is delayed until morula or early blastocyst stages. A better understanding of both these points depends on a more careful analysis of hsp70 expression in relation to their major regulators, the heat shock factors. In this review, we will see how the development of the preimplanta tion embryo highlights the complexity of heat shock gene regulation involving trans-cis interactions and the cellular and nuclear environment.     

共培养法获得MC15—昆明嵌合鼠

嵌合鼠的获得是通过ＥＳ细胞途径得到转基因小鼠的关键环节。以ＭＣ１５为供体ＥＳ细胞，用昆明品系小鼠８细胞期的胚胎为受体胚胎，采用共培养方法我们获得了２只毛色嵌合鼠。通过与囊胚显微注射法比较，表明这种方法是方便可行的。     

牛细胞核移植试验初报

体外成熟培养（ＩＶＭ）２３－２４ｈ的牛卵母细胞，去核后用８０Ｖ／ｍｍ，４０μｓ电激活２次（Ｉ组）或不激活（Ⅱ组），然后注入８－３２细胞期体外受精（ＩＶＦ）牛胚胎的卵裂球，再用８０－１００Ｖ／ｍｍ，４０μｓ电激两次诱导卵母细胞与卵裂球融合，两组的融合率（６２．８％与６５．１％）和卵裂率（５５．４％与５１．９％）无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。全部４１２枚重组卵电激后的融合率是６３．８％（２６３／４１２）     

泽蛙♀×虎纹蛙♂杂种胚胎发育过程中三种酶的同工酶酶谱分析

利用聚丙烯酰胺垂直平板电泳法研究泽蛙♀×虎纹蛙♂杂种及其父母本胚胎发育过程中的酯酶、苹果酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶的同工酶酶谱。结果显示:(1)大多数母体酶带在杂种胚胎发育的初期出现并一直持续到晚期;(2)有些父本酶带在杂种胚胎发育到一定时期(肌肉效应期、鳃循环期)出现;(3)有些父本酶带和一条母本酶带始终不出现在杂种胚胎酶谱中;(4)发育后期有些杂种胚胎的同工酶酶谱出现异常。初步探讨了父母本因素对杂种后代同工酶的影响。     

以种胚为外植体的西伯利亚杏器官分化的研究

本文研究了以种胚为外植体西伯利亚杏器官分化各阶段的培养条件以及影响因素,并在愈伤组织上诱导出幼苗。为山杏的进一步研究和利用提供了方法和材料。     

The effect of 5-bromodeoxyuridine on mouse embryos during neurulation in vitro

Summary Mouse embryos explanted at various stages during neurulation were cultured for 20–28 h in the presence of 25–900 g/ml of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR). BUdR strongly inhibited closure of the cranial neural tube, which was found to be stage-dependent. When mouse embryos were exposed to BUdR after development of the concave curvature in the neuroepithelium of the midbrain to the upper hindbrain regions, they became insensitive to the drug-induced open cranial neural tube. Histological observations showed that BUdR interfered with interkinetic migration and cytokinesis of the neuroepithelial cells. These cellular abnormalities were not dependent on the morphological development of the cranial neural folds. The³H-BUdR experiment confirmed that the label was mostly incorporated into the DNA fraction.Acknowledgment. This work was supported by Grant-in-Aids for scientific research No. 557469 and 58480391 from the Ministry of Education, Japan.     

实验用小型猪胎儿成纤维细胞和骨髓间充质细胞为核供体生产转基因克隆胚胎

目的比较不同类型体细胞对生产转基因克隆胚胎效率的影响。方法利用脂质体介导的方法将质粒pEGFP-N1转染到五指山小型猪胎儿成纤维细胞和骨髓间充质细胞,经过G418筛选后均获得了阳性细胞株。然后分别以两种类型转基因细胞以及未转基因细胞为核供体进行体细胞核移植,比较不同类型供体细胞克隆胚胎的囊胚发育率。结果胎儿成纤维细胞和骨髓间充质细胞克隆胚的囊胚发育率差异不显著(P>0.05,8.3%vs.7.1%);转基因胎儿成纤维细胞(9.6%)和转基因骨髓间充质细胞(9.9%)克隆胚胎的囊胚发育率差异不显著(P>0.05,9.6%vs.9.9%);每一种类型供体细胞转基因与否对克隆胚的囊胚发育率无影响(P>0.05)。结论通过体细胞核移植技术,小型猪骨髓间充质细胞与胎儿成纤维细胞均可有效地生产转基因囊胚。