近岸、河口缺氧区域的主要生物地球化学耗氧过程

近岸、河口区的缺氧问题正逐步发展为全球性的重大生态环境问题,探究缺氧的形成、变化趋势及其控制机理科学意义显著,也是区域环境保护与治理决策的科学基础.珠江是中国第二大河,其主要入海口之一的虎门及其上游水域的表层溶解氧浓度经常小于3 mg/L,甚至低达0.5～1 mg/L,该低氧水域面积超过70 km^2.本文以珠江口缺氧区域为主,综述了近岸、河口区的主要生物地球化学耗氧过程,提出在分析近岸、河口区的缺氧问题时必须综合考虑有机物耗氧分解与硝化作用,缺氧水域同时也是CO2、N2O、CH4等生源温室气体的重要源地.     

高海拔列车上列车员脑组织氧饱和度的无创检测

研究青藏铁路车厢内供氧是否能减轻缺氧对列车员脑组织的损伤。采用自主开发的近红外组织氧无损监测仪检测了在低海拔(平均海拔0.5～2.0km)路段和车厢内供氧的高海拔(平均海拔3.0～5.0 km,车厢内氧浓度维持在23%～25%)路段的列车员脑组织氧饱和度(rSO2),同时用脉搏血氧仪无创检测列车员指端脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)。高海拔路段同低海拔路段相比,rSO2平均下降3.6%,SpO2平均下降3.7%。这表明:车厢内供氧缓解了高原缺氧,但因个别列车员脑组织rSO2仍显著下降,所以对青藏铁路列车员的脑保护仍待研究。     

Effect of Salvianolic Acid B on Mitochondrial Function of CerebralIschemia in Mice

The effects of salvianolic acid B (SalB) on the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), calcium, and apoptosis of neurons with cerebral ischemia in mice were investigated using an acute cerebral ischemia model established by ligating the bilateral common carotid arteries in mice. The MMP, the intracellular calcium concentration, and the apoptosis rate of cortical neurons were measured at 6 min, 12 min, 18 min, 24 min, and 30 min after cerebral ischemia by a flow cytometer. The experiments show that SalB increases the MMP and reduces the intracellular calcium and the apoptosis rate at different stages of the cerebral ischemia in mice. The results show that the protective mechanism of SalB on cerebral ischemia enhances the MMP and maintains intracellular calcium homeostasis.     

Microdialysis study of ischemia-induced hydroxyl radicals in the canine heart

A new experimental approach for spin-trapping of oxygen radicals in a selected region of the heart in situ is described. This approach is based on microdialysis, and it permits the detection of oxygen radicals in conditions of local ischemia and restoration of normal blood flow. Increased hydroxyl radical generation in an ischemic area of canine myocardium, as a result of 40 min local occlusion, has been studied.     

Subtypes of protein kinase C in rat cerebral microvessels

Summary Protein kinase C in rat cerebral microvessels was characterized. By hydroxyapatite column chromatography, protein kinase C in the soluble fraction was resolved into two major peaks corresponding to type II and III enzymes, in the proportions of 57% and 38%, respectively. Since each subtype is considered to have a distinct role, the high proportion of type II enzyme found in this study suggests that this type may be involved in specific functions of the cerebral microvessels.     

睡眠期缺氧对血压的影响

观察健康成人睡眠期缺氧状态下血压、心率、动脉血氧饱和度的变化，并与无缺氧状态时的变化值进行对比。结果显示：缺氧时随着动脉血氧饱和度的降低，血压和心率呈有意增高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

白藜芦醇诱导VEGF表达促进缺血再灌注小鼠新生血管形成

研究白藜芦醇能否诱导小鼠缺血,再灌注后缺血区域新生血管形成及其与血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)表达的相关性,用90只雄性BALB/c小鼠随机分为单纯缺血组、白藜芦醇组及假手术组,采用大脑中动脉线栓法制作局灶性脑缺血模型,免疫组化法测定微血管密度,Western blot检测VEGF蛋白表达.结果白藜芦醇处理组与单纯缺血对照组微血管计数存在差异,并且有统计学意义(P<0. 05),白藜芦醇处理组在各时间点VEGF蛋白表达水平均较高(P<0.05).说明白藜芦醇可以诱导脑缺血后VEGF早期表达,促进缺血区域新生血管形成,发挥脑保护作用.     

The SARD variety of multifractality of ventricular epicardial mapping during ischemia

Myocardial ischemia creates abnormal electro- physiological substrates that can result in life-threat- ening ventricular arrhythmias. In order to investigate the relation between ischemia and variability of multi- fractality, ventricular epicardial electr…     

单纯性急性外伤性硬膜下血肿63例治疗分析

目的探讨单纯性急性外伤性硬膜下血肿的治疗特点。方法本组共63例,急诊手术25例,保守治疗38例(其中有9例保守治疗失败后中转手术)。手术方式:小骨窗开颅24例,颞肌下减压7例,标准外伤大骨瓣开颅3例;术前根据受伤机制、临床表现、CT资料等初步确定出血位置及性质。结果按3月后GOS评分,良好46例(73.02%),中残8例(12.70%),重残0例(0%),植物生存1例(1.59%),死亡2例(3.17%)。结论单纯性硬膜下血肿保守治疗指征可适当放宽,手术方式首选小骨窗开颅,可减少创伤,加快病人康复。