基于多模型集成的铁矿粉库存量预测方法

针对铁矿粉库存量预测问题,结合灰色系统模型与时间序列模型的优点,提出一种基于多模型集成的库存量集成预测方法.根据库存量历史数据,分别建立基于残差修正的等维新息GM(1,1)模型与自回归积分移动平均模型ARIMA(p,d,q);采用基于信息熵的方法对2种模型进行加权集成;分别采用单一模型与集成模型对铁矿粉库存量进行预测.仿真验证结果表明:集成预测模型实现库存量的准确预测,在3种模型中预测结果最好.     

油田压裂井增油量的预测及其生产规划的优化设计

利用现有压裂井产油观测数据，采用动态数据处理方法，建立了月增油量的预测模型；依据预测结果，利用整数规划的方法，规划设计未来年度油田的压裂井数及压裂方式。     

On trend extraction models: Interpretation,empirical evidence and forecasting performance

This paper deals with the economic interpretation of the unobserved components model in the light of the apparent problem posed by previous work in that several practiced methodologies seem to lead to very different models of certain economic variables. A detailed empirical analysis is carried out to show how the failure in obtaining quasi-orthogonal components can seriously bias the interpretation of some decomposition procedures. Finally, the forecasting performance (in both the short and long run) of these decomposition models is analyzed in comparison with other alternatives.     

Multiple prediction intervals for time series: Comparison of simultaneous and marginal intervals

Simultaneous prediction intervals for forecasts from time series models that contain L (L ≤ 1) unknown future observations with a specified probability are derived. Our simultaneous intervals are based on two types of probability inequalities, i.e. the Bonferroni- and product-types. These differ from the marginal intervals in that they take into account the correlation structure between the forecast errors. For the forecasting methods commonly used with seasonal time series data, we show how to construct forecast error correlations and evaluate, using an example, the simultaneous and marginal prediction intervals. For all the methods, the simultaneous intervals are accurate with the accuracy increasing with the use of higher-order probability inequalities, whereas the marginal intervals are far too short in every case. Also, when L is greater than the seasonal period, the simultaneous intervals based on improved probability inequalities will be most accurate.     

Time series forecasts and extra-model information

Often a forecaster has supplementary information (e.g. field reports or forecasts from another source) that cannot be included directly in a time series model. Especially interesting are cases where this information is given at time intervals that are different from those of the time series model forecasts. Previous authors have considered a numerical and a model-based statistical method for combining extra-model information of this type with ARIMA model forecasts. This paper extends both methods to vector ARMA model forecasts and dynamic regression (transfer function) model forecasts. It is also shown that a Lagrange multiplier numerical procedure arises as a special case of the model-based procedure. An empirical example is given.     

The combination of macroeconomic forecasts

The paper examines combined forecasts based on two components: forecasts produced by Chase Econometrics and those produced using the Box-Jenkins ARIMA technique. Six series of quarterly ex ante and simulated ex ante forecasts are used over 37 time periods and ten horizons. The forecasts are combined using seven different methods. The best combined forecasts, judged by average relative root-mean-square error, are superior to the Chase forecasts for three variables and inferior for two, though averaged over all six variables the Chase forecasts are slightly better. A two-step procedure produces forecasts for the last half of the sample which, on average, are slightly better than the Chase forecasts.     

Forecasting growth with time series models

This paper compares the structure of three models for estimating future growth in a time series. It is shown that a regression model gives minimum weight to the last observed growth and maximum weight to the observed growth in the middle of the sample period. A first-order integrated ARIMA model, or 1(1) model, gives uniform weights to all observed growths. Finally, a second-order integrated ARIMA model gives maximum weights to the last observed growth and minimum weights to the observed growths at the beginning of the sample period. The forecasting performance of these models is compared using annual output growth rates for seven countries.     

停车场泊位占有率预测方法评价

采用上海市五角场地区的停车泊位检测数据,分析了商业、办公和体育场3种不同类型停车场泊位占有率(parking occupancy rate,POR)的时变特征,并评价了ARIMA(autoregressive integrated moving average)、卡尔曼滤波和BP(back propagation)神经网络等3种常用方法在POR预测中的适用性.结果表明,ARIMA和BP神经网络的预测精度总体优于卡尔曼滤波,BP神经网络在商业和办公停车场的短时预测中有较好的精度;3种方法的预测精度均随预测时间步长的增加而逐渐降低;不同类型停车场的POR预测精度存在较大差异,工作日的预测精度一般高于非工作日,且模型具有较好的自适应性.     

基于ARIMA模型的全国能源消费的短期预测

目的:根据全国能源历史消费数据来预测未来能源消费,为科学制定能源规划及经济发展战略提供建议。方法:选取1953-2011年的全国能源消费总量数据,运用ARIMA(1,1,3)模型预测未来4年的能源消费量。结果:2012年至2015年的能源消费量依次为354948.40、371466.8、392505.06、413849.93(万吨标准煤)。结论:预测结果表明国家制定的能源消费总量控制目标比较合理。但是我国仍需要更多的措施来实现这一目标。     

Modelling the daily banknotes in circulation in the context of the liquidity management of the European Central Bank

The main focus of this paper is to model the daily series of banknotes in circulation. The series of banknotes in circulation displays very marked seasonal patterns. To the best of our knowledge the empirical performance of two competing approaches to model seasonality in daily time series, namely the ARIMA‐based approach and the Structural Time Series approach, has never been put to the test. The application presented in this paper provides valid intuition on the merits of each approach. The forecasting performance of the models is also assessed in the context of their impact on the liquidity management of the Eurosystem. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.