From endoderm to pancreas: a multistep journey

The formation of the vertebrate pancreas is a complex process that typifies the basic steps of embryonic development. It involves the establishment of competence, specification, signaling from neighboring tissues, morphogenesis, and the elaboration of tissue-specific genetic networks. A full analysis of this multistep process will help us to understand classic principles of embryonic development. Furthermore, this will provide the blueprint for experimental programming of pancreas formation from embryonic stem cells in the context of diabetes cell-therapy. Although in the past decade many studies have contributed to a solid foundation for understanding pancreatogenesis, important gaps persist in our knowledge of early pancreas formation. This review will summarize the current understanding of the early mechanisms coming into play to pattern the "pre-pancreatic" region within the endoderm and, gradually, specify the pancreatic tissue.     

猪全胰十二指肠移植

建立稳定的全胰十二指肠移植运动模型。方法；采用原位低温灌洗的方法，获取猪胰腺十二指肠，然后采用不同的方法作同种异体全胰十二指肠移植。供胰放适当位置，采用带有腹腔动脉和肠系膜上动脉的腹主动脉片或腹主动脉段与受体腹主动脉或髂总动脉吻合，门静脉与下腔静脉或髂总静脉组合，重建血液循环。     

Rat pancreatic islet cells in primary culture: occurrence of giant cells amenable to patch clamping

Summary Neonatal and adult rat pancreatic islet cells were maintained in dissociated cell culture for up to three weeks. The unexpected occurrence of giant (40–50 m) cells was noted, some of which reacted positively to an insulin antiserum, indicating the presence of insulin. The giant cells were amenable to study using the extracellular patch clamp technique, which was used to demonstrate a population of membrane channels gating outwardly directed current in these cells.     

自发性糖尿病小鼠C57BL/KsJ-db/db某些脏器组织病理学观察

目的观察自发性糖尿病C57BL/KsJ-db/db小鼠胰腺、肾脏、睾丸和卵巢的常规病理变化。方法取血糖高于10.1 mmol/L的2、7、12月龄db/db纯合仔小鼠,摘眼球放血后取胰腺、肾、睾丸、卵巢放入10%福尔马林溶液中,HE染色,常规病理切片。结果 7、12月龄胰腺见淋巴细胞浸润,部分胰岛体积较大,小导管样病变有增生扩张及潴溜;小鼠肾脏见部分肾小球细胞数增多,系膜细胞增生,系膜基质增多;卵巢较小,卵泡较少,未见黄体;睾丸生精功能弱。结论 C57BL/KsJ-db/db小鼠的自发性糖尿病会在一定程度上出现胰腺、肾脏、睾丸和卵巢等脏器发生病理改变。