基于组合策略的印刷公式符号切分方法

对公式符号切分这一公式识将符号分离与符号合并策略相结合,提取公式符号的方法,对具有包含关系的符号进行分离操作,而对由多个连通部件构成的符号进行合并处理.实验表明,该方法能够较好地适应公式特点,具有较高的准确性.     

H.264视频编码在数码监控系统中的应用研究

目前数码视频监控系统大多采用MPEG1、MPEG2的编码标准,导致视频存储成本高,网络负载重.H.264比以前的视频编码标准可以节省50%以上的码率,因此在视频监控中具有很大的应用前景,但其编解码器也很复杂.为了达到实时压缩的目标,文章从三个方面来提高其运算速度:①优化帧间模式的选择;②调整内插算法的运行结构;③采用MMX、SSE汇编优化.     

中国早期的名词翻译与科学传播——以折射名词的翻译与演变为个案

以折射一词为主体,梳理了明末以来关于折射名词的翻译与演变情况,简要分析了其演变过程中反映的对明清两代学者的影响,并对折射一词经过长期的演变最后得以确定的原因和影响进行了讨论.     

自适应QoS系统中基于效用函数的QoS表示方法

利用经济学中效用函数的概念,根据QoS分层模型的特点,提出了一种自适应QoS系统中QoS表示方法的路径模型,该模型具有良好的可扩展性,并通过详细介绍应用层到系统层的映射来说明不同层次间路径模型的映射.     

翻译过程中词语弹性的语义阐释

根据语义学理论的基本原理,探讨了英汉词语的核心、外延和认知意义,提出在翻译过程中必须正确把握词语的弹性,才能达到原文和译文之间的“动态对等”。     

基于作战环的不同节点攻击策略下的作战网络效能评估

基于作战环思想, 以作战网络抽象模型为基础, 围绕作战环的分类、定义、形式化描述、数学模型等基本问题开展了理论研究, 进一步丰富了作战环理论体系。同时, 以能否快速有效打击对方目标实体为根本依据, 建立了基于目标节点打击率和基于目标节点打击效率的作战网络效能评估指标。通过仿真实验, 将作战环相关理论运用于不同节点攻击策略下的作战网络效能评估, 为实际作战体系对抗中双方的攻击与防护提供应用指导, 也为进一步开展基于作战环的作战网络应用研究提供参考借鉴。     

基于Proxy的网络机器翻译系统

阐述了基于网络代理的方式在Internet浏览器上实现网页自动翻译的各种解决模式,并给出了系统的网络特性及其实现．介绍了http请求的处理和网页翻译的过程,最后分析了中日互译网页在同一页面显示的内码转换问题．     

符号的片面化与术语翻译中的理据性问题

符号片面化是术语翻译构建术语理据的重要手段,译者通过符号对应建立起概念对应,用意义简写式引发认知主体对概念意义的感知,进而构建出术语理据.意义简写式既要凸显概念的本质特征,还需兼顾概念的系统性.在实践中还需避免符号的虚假对应问题.     

Exchange rate forecasting and the performance of currency portfolios

We examine the potential gains of using exchange rate forecast models and forecast combination methods in the management of currency portfolios for three exchange rates: the euro versus the US dollar, the British pound, and the Japanese yen. We use a battery of econometric specifications to evaluate whether optimal currency portfolios implied by trading strategies based on exchange rate forecasts outperform single currencies and the equally weighted portfolio. We assess the differences in profitability of optimal currency portfolios for different types of investor preferences, two trading strategies, mean squared error‐based composite forecasts, and different forecast horizons. Our results indicate that there are clear benefits of integrating exchange rate forecasts from state‐of‐the‐art econometric models in currency portfolios. These benefits vary across investor preferences and prediction horizons but are rather similar across trading strategies.     

Transient and constitutive repression of cytoplasmic translation signaling in cells with mtDNA mutation

Cytoplasmic translation is under sophisticated control but how cells adapt its rate to constitutive loss of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is unknown. Here we show that translation is repressed in cells with the pathogenic A3243G mtDNA mutation or in mtDNA-less ρ⁰ cells by at least two distinct pathways, one transiently targeting elongation factor eEF-2 and the other initiation factor eIF-2α constitutively. Under conditions of exponential cell growth and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation, eEF-2 becomes transiently phosphorylated by an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent pathway, especially high in mutant cells. Independent of AMPK and mTOR, eIF-2α is constitutively phosphorylated in mutant cells, likely a signature of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress response induced by the loss of oxidative phosphorylation. While the AMPK/eEF-2K/eEF-2 pathway appears to function in adaptation to physiological fluctuations in ATP levels in the mutant cells, the ER stress signified by constitutive protein synthesis inhibition through eIF-2α-mediated repression of translation initiation may have pathobiochemical consequences. Received 29 October 2008; received after revision 11 December 2008; accepted 16 December 2008