不同落羽杉种源木材化学性质的变异

对16个落羽杉种源的14年生人工林木材化学性质进行了测定,结果表明：(1)16个落羽杉种源木材纤维素相对结晶度、综纤维素含量、木素含量、NaOH抽出物含量和pH等均存在显著差异;(2)16个落羽杉种源木材纤维素相对结晶度在74.43%~61.52%,总平均值为65.87%,总变异系数为5.27%,树干不同高度处木材纤维素相对结晶度含量存在极显著差异。16个种源木材综纤维素含量、木素含量、NaOH抽出物含量和pH等的变异范围分别为62.64%~71.53%、23.98%~29.53%、3.9%~17.9%和5.32%~5.07%,总变异系数分别为3.9%、6.7%、44.8%、1.53%,NaOH抽出物含量变异系数较高。落羽杉树干不同高度处木材综纤维素含量、木素含量、NaOH抽出物含量和pH差异未达显著水平;(3)16个落羽杉种源整体上综纤维素含量高,NaOH抽出物含量和木素含量低,经过进一步筛选后,部分种源可作为优良的纸浆林造林材料进行推广。     

Nd isotopic variations and its implications in the recent sediments from the northern South China Sea

The chondrite-normalized REE distribution patterns in recent sediments from the northern South China Sea and surrounding areas are similar, with the HREE values being almost equal to or slightly higher, and the La_N/Lu_N ratio being lower, than PAAS standards. However, samples from the Xijiang River, a major branch of the Pearl River system, show opposite trends, i.e., with slightly lower HREE values and higher La_N/Lu_N ratio than PAAS. The distribution of Nd isotopes in sediments from the northern South China Sea was controlled by the Pearl River and the inshore area of South China, respectively. The volume of ε_Nd(0) from inshore areas of southern China is apparently higher than that from the Pearl River, and ε_Nd(0) values in offshore sediments and Taiwan Island are between these values. The results clearly show that ε_Nd(0) volume in the northeastern South China Sea is higher than in the southwest part of the northern South China Sea, indicating different source rock types. The main source rock of the Pearl River sediment is carbonate types and affects sediment deposition in the southwest of the northern South China Sea, while the source rock in the inshore area of southern China, mainly Mesozoic and Cenozoic granites, contributes to sediments in the northeastern area of the northern South China Sea. Due to different source rock types, the HREE values and the volume of ε_Nd(0) in recent sediments supplied by the inshore area of southern China are higher than those from the Pearl River. Over 80% of the rapidly accumulated sediments on the northern slope of the South China Sea in the southeast of Dongsha Islands area were derived from Taiwan Island and from inshore areas of South China, with only less than 20% from the Pearl River. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40276019, 40238060 and 40621063), and National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB819501)     

鄂尔多斯盆地耿湾史家湾地区长6时期物源状况分析

为查明鄂尔多斯盆地西部耿湾-史家湾地区延长组长6时期物源状况,揭示该地区沉积体系的分布格局,文章通过常规矿物成分、重矿物、岩屑、地球化学特征和地震剖面等多种研究方法,对耿湾地区的物源及源区母岩性质等进行了系统分析。结果表明,该地区主要受到3个方向物源控制,即东北、北西和西南部,其中东北物源是控制区内沉积的最主要物源。古物源与沉积体系空间配置关系良好,并从根本上决定了长6时期的沉积体系分布格局以及砂体展布方向。     

长江流域岩体的时空分布与碎屑锆石物源示踪

结合区域大地构造演化,系统总结并讨论了长江流域火成岩的时空分布特征及其对长江中下游沉积物物源的指示意义.结果表明,长江流域岩体的时空分布特征与区域构造演化密切相关;青藏高原新生代酸性侵入岩和火山岩以及云贵川高原晚二叠世峨眉山玄武岩及伴生酸性岩是长江上游地区的特征岩体;汉江和湘江—赣江流域早古生代中酸性侵入岩是长江中游地区的特征岩体;白垩纪中酸性侵入岩和火山岩是长江下游地区的特征岩体.这一成果可直接用于指导长江中下游地区利用碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素进行物源示踪的工作.在钻孔沉积物中准确识别出这些特征年龄信息,并结合沉积物古地磁年代的标定对研究长江的地质演化历史具有重要指示意义.     

松辽盆地北部上白垩统嫩江组二 、三段物源分析

通过岩芯观察描述以及分析化验资料的综合分析, 从岩石矿物成分、砂体平面展布、重矿物组合以及锆石-电气石-金红石指数(ZTR 指数) 、泥岩颜色区域分布等方面对物源方向进行了判断。综合分析表明: 松辽盆地北部嫩江组二、三段沉积时期物源随时间变化有所变化, 但变化不大。嫩江组二段沉积时期物源主要来自东方; 嫩江组三段沉积时期物源除东部来的物源外, 东北部物源对盆地北部物源体系也参与贡献, 物源的变化可能是由于嫩二段晚期盆地北部地层隆起。松辽盆地北部在嫩江组二、三段时期主要存在着 3 个方向的物源: 东北、东部以及西部物源。嫩江组二、三段沉积时期, 东部物源为主要物源, 在嫩江组三段沉积的中后期, 东北向物源出现并与东部物源共同起主导作用。西部物源在嫩江组三段沉积的中晚期出现, 影响范围小。     

Spatiotemporal variations of Zr/Rb ratio in three last interglacial paleosol profiles across the Chinese Loess Plateau and its implications for climatic interpretation

The ratio of Zirconium to Rubidium （Zr/Rb） is suggested to be a better proxy for the East Asian winter monsoon strength than the widely-used grain size distribution. The rationale for the Zr/Rb proxy relies on the following assumptions： （1） Grain size fractionating characteristics during eolian dust transport should be archived in the Zr/Rb ratio records and this assumption is based on the premise that Zr is preferentially enriched in coarser grain size fraction while Rb tend to be enriched in finer grain size fraction; and （2） post-depositional weathering does not change the Zr/Rb ratio due to the immobility of these two elements. To examine these two assumptions, three last interglacial paleosols （S1） from Dingxi, Tianshui and Lantian, along a NW-SE transect across the Chinese Loess Plateau, were geo- chemically investigated. Our results show that the Rb concentration exhibits an increasing trend along the NW-SE transect both in the paleosol （S1） and the measured portions of the loess units （L1 and L2）, being supportive to the assumption that Rb is enriched in the fine particles. But we also found that Rb loss did occur to some extent in the three profiles, contradicting to the presumption of Rb immobility during pedogenic processes. The Zr concentration exhibits an expected decreasing trend in the measured portions of the loess units and an unexpected increasing trend in the paleosol along the NW-SE transect. Moreover, the ratios of Zirconium to Hafnium （Zr/Hf） show different variation patterns between interglacial and glacial, implying that Zr-bearing minerals and their resident grain size fractions are probably not identical during interglacial and glacial. Thus, the assumption that Zr is enriched in coarse grain size fraction can no longer hold. We conclude that the final Zr/Rb value is not only dependent on grain size sorting processes but also on post-depositional alteration and source prove- nance. Under enhanced chemical weathering, especially when chemical index of alterat     

不同种源米槠种子形态特征与营养成分变异分析

【目的】揭示米槠(Castanopsis carlesii)种子形态特征与营养成分的地理变异规律,为其种质资源保护和开发利用提供科学依据。【方法】收集米槠天然分布区13个种源357个单株的种子,测定种子表型(种子长、种子宽、长宽比、体积、表面积和千粒质量)及其营养成分(可溶性糖及淀粉含量),并进行方差分析、相关分析和聚类分析。【结果】米槠种子6个表型性状在种源间和种源内均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),其中江西定南(JXDN)的种子长、宽、体积、表面积及千粒质量均最大,且与其他种源差异显著;而安徽祁门(AHQM)的千粒质量最小,仅为江西定南的66.23%,且种子长、宽、体积、表面积均较小。淀粉和可溶性糖含量(质量分数)分别为31.80%和21.76%,而且可溶性糖和淀粉含量在种源间差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01),说明营养成分含量在不同种源间相差很大,存在丰富的变异,种源间的变异系数分别为14.06%和30.62%。平均表型分化系数为28.15%,种源内变异是其表型特征遗传变异的主要来源。淀粉含量与千粒质量和种子宽呈显著正相关(P<0.05),可溶性糖含量与种子长和...     

美国东克拉马斯山脉石炭系Bragdon组沉积相和物源区分析

美国加利福尼亚州东克拉马斯山脉上泥盆统■到下石炭统Bragdon组上部含有近3km(构造厚度)的砂岩、泥板岩和砾岩,它们是沉积在一个“混杂的”海底扇环境的浊积岩。详细的沉积相和岩石学研究时盆地发育和物源区分析提供了新的资料,并有助于推新晚泥盆世-早石炭世岛弧的古地理和沉积背景。     

鄂尔多斯盆地北部晚古生代沉积-构造格局及物源分析

综合研究鄂尔多斯盆地北部晚古生代发育背景、地层展布及岩性特征和沉积-构造格局,认为晚古生代沉积-构造格局主要受控于北缘兴蒙海槽演化,逐渐由东—西向转变为北东—南西向.结合前人对盆地北部晚古生代物源的研究成果,根据现今盆地北部构造特征,利用钻井和野外露头资料,对研究区晚古生代物源分布情况作了进一步探讨,初步建立起物源演化关系模式.研究表明:晚石炭世本溪期—早二叠世太原期,伊盟古隆起作为盆地北部物源而遭受剥蚀且具有一定的阻隔作用,使得阴山古陆可能并未向盆地北部提供物源;早二叠世山西期—晚二叠世石千峰期,伴随着伊盟古隆起地区开始接受沉积,阴山古陆成为盆地北部和北缘大青山地区的共同物源.