明代雹灾的关联信息挖掘研究

对收集的明代雹灾史料进行整理和分类,构建了我国明代的雹灾数据库,将雹灾的定性描述转化成定量描述。根据冰雹的大小和造成的危害进行等级划分,对发生雹灾时伴随的其它阵性天气现象进行统计分析。利用关联挖掘模型continuous association rule mining algorithm(CARMA)算法挖掘不同等级的雹灾与风、雨、雷电等阵性天气的关联性及其有关规律。结果表明:明代的雹灾与雨的关联性最大,其次是风和雷电;它们易带来大雨雹或大风雨雹等灾害。同时不同等级的雹灾发生时伴随着其他的阵性天气的置信度也存在着差异;因此当雹灾出现的时候,应同样考虑到其他如暴雨、狂风、雷电等强对流天气灾害造成的危害。获得的雹灾关联信息,可用于指导雹灾的预报与支持决策。     

Changes in sea surface temperature in western South China Sea over the past 450 ka

Sea surface temperature over the past 450 ka was obtained by the unsaturation of molecular fossil-long chain alkenone with a resolution of about 1 ka from the western South China Sea. This is the longest temperature profile in the South China Sea at such high resolution. The U37^κ-SST results revealed similar glacial-interglacial cycles as the δ^18O profile of planktonic foraminifera, with SST variability of 23-25.5℃ for glacial and 25-28℃ for interglacial periods. The highest SST （28.4℃） was recorded at MIS5.5 and lowest SST （22.6℃） during MIS2. The SST record preceded the planktonic foraminiferal δ^18O on five glacial-interglacial transitions. Comparison of temperature records from the Southern and Northern Hemispheres indicated a more Southern Hemisphere-like pattern for the temperature variation in the SCS. Strong precession and semiprecession signals in the spectra of our SST record manifest the tropical phenomena.     

Record of environmental change by α-cellulose δ13C of sphagnum peat at Shennongjia, 4000―1000 aBP

The Dajiuhu Basin at Shennongjia, located within typical East Asian Monsoon region, preserves a sub-alpine sphagnum peat deposition in its central area. The topmost 120 cm of the peat covers the last 4000 years according to AMS ^14C dating of pollen concentration. Carbon isotope of a-cellulose, extracted from sphagnum peat, provides a quantitative reconstruction of atmospheric relative humidity, based on transfer functions of C3 plants carbon isotopic fractionation equation and the bryophyte photosynthesis CO2 absorption rate equation. δ^13C, TOC and C/N variations reveal that the Dajiuhu area has experienced a long-term tendency to dry during 4000-1000 aBP, with a major transition happening around 3000 aBP. Four relative dry events are identified at 3400-3200, 3000-2600, 2200-2000 and 1600-1400 aBP, respectively, corresponding to those climate events documented in many global records. Three periodicities, 664 a, 302 a and 277 a enclosed in the atmospheric humidity of Dajiuhu are correlated to the cycles of solar activities. The weakening of East Asia summer monsoon during this period registered in the Dajiuhu peat is consistent with the synchronous weakening of Indian Monsoon. This trend may be attributed to gradual decrease of Northern Hemispheric summer solar insolation and the consequently southward migration of Intertropical Convergent Zone （ITCZ）.     

清代西部边疆土兵的发展与衰亡

清朝建立之初为了尽快实现全国的统一,大量征调边疆的土兵参与政府组织的军事行动,土兵制度日渐完善。与此同时,随着统一多民族国家的日益巩固,清政府建立起了一个强大而有效的中央集权的国家机器,又由于土司制度在总体上已经不能适应统一多民族国家的发展,清政府便开始进行大规模的改土归流。改土归流之后,和土司制度紧密相连的土兵制度也就渐渐走向衰亡。     

从明清小说的“V＋取”式结构看“取”字的语法化问题

“V＋取”式双音词在十部明清小说中共见114个,附加式占多数,“取”字语法化为词缀为近代汉语的双音化做出了贡献．因为语言精确表义和简练原则的制约,“取”在现代汉语时期失去构词能力。“取”自唐而来的语法化历程适应了汉语不同时期对它的要求。     

浅析豫南粳稻优质高产栽培策略

产量低、病虫害重、品质下降是豫南粳稻难以发展的直接原因.将粳稻置于高温、高湿的生态条件下栽培是其病虫害重、产量低、品质下降的根本原因.解决上述问题的唯一途径是推迟灌浆成熟期,将成熟期由目前的9月上旬推迟到10月中旬.对信阳市48年主要气候因子统计结果表明,推迟粳稻成熟期,有利于改善粳稻生长发育的生态条件,并能保证安全成熟.     

Late Mesozoic interaction between crust and mantle in coastal area of Zhejiang-Fujian

This paper summarizes the lithogeochemical features of composite lavas, dikes and plutons composed of early Cretaceous associated basic-acidic igneous rocks from the coastal area of Zhejiang-Fujian. On the basis of the studies on Nd, Sr, Pb isotopic signatures and geochemical characteristics of large ion lithophile elements (L1LE) , light rare earth elements (LREE) and high field strong elements ( HFSE) of these contemporary basic-acidic igneous rocks, it is considered that the source enrichment caused by the subduction of Pacific plate and contamination of crustal rocks and melts during ascending process may lead to the formation of basaltic magmas with a high LILE concentration. These late Mesozoic composite basic-acidic igneous rocks are the products of the interactions between crust and mantle in active continental margin.     

甬优一号连晚秧苗素质影响因素的初步研究

试验设秧龄、播量、激素、肥料、上水时期等5个因素,每因素3～6个水平不等,正交法设计.试验结果表明,激素对秧苗素质的影响最大,秧龄和播量次之,肥料和上水时期有一定影响,但不明显.     

西周既望历日与建正范围研究

利用具有月龄特征的历谱规律的研究成果 ,在求解 1 6件西周既望历日的过程中 ,得出其时历法的建正范围为丑、寅、卯、辰。分析“夏商周断代工程”所给西周金文历谱的建正及既望材料的月龄取值     

抗晚疫病马铃薯的花药培养研究

对4个品种的抗晚疫病马铃薯进行了花药培养的研究。结果表明：不同培养基对同一品种花药的总诱导数和胚状体诱导数有显著影响;在相同培养基条件下,不同品种的总诱导数差异显著,胚状体诱导数差异不显著;总诱导率最高的诱导培养基是D：MS＋2,4-D2 mg/L＋BAP2 mg/L＋活性炭2 g/L＋马铃薯块茎提取液200 g/L;适合S17、T3、KW47诱导胚状体的培养基是B：MS＋NAA2 mg/L＋BAP2 mg/L＋活性炭2 g/L＋马铃薯块茎提取液200 g/L。