日食形成旱涝的耗散结构理论及其验证

本文论证日食形成旱涝的耗散结构理论．并以１９９１年和１９９２年的预报结果和实际情况的对照验证此理论的正确性．     

月食期间扭摆运动的观测

本文论述了利用一个通过改进的高精密扭摆对1984年11月8日至9日武汉地区半影月食的观测结果,尽管这次的测量精度比Sax1原来的精度要高近三个数量级,但没有观察到如Saxl所报道的引力异常现象。     

Ionospheric responses to a total solar eclipse deduced by the GPS beacon observations

The total electron content (TEC) data during the total eclipse of March 9, 1997 were collected, which were observed by means of nine GPS receivers located at the eastern Asia. The responses of total TEC to the eclipse were analyzed. The results show that: 1) the eclipse led to apparent decrement in TEC that lasted for six to eight hours; 2) the maximum decrement occurred after the middle of the eclipse with time-delays varying from twenty minutes to about three hours; 3) the maximum absolute deviations of TEC on the eclipse day do not show a simple and consistent relationship to the maximum solar obscuration. Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(49684002) Biography: CHEN An-hua (1976-), female, Master candidate. Research interests: studying ionosphere by GPS beacons.     

引力波传播速度求法的研究

据日全食时的现象能够得出:在真空中,引力波的传播速度和光波的传播速度相等.     

《明天历》日食算法分析

目的用数学公式将《明天历》的日食算法表达出来,并指出其天文学意义。方法文献分析与数学建模。结果《明天历》先求得合朔时交点离开冬至点的距离以及太阳到冬至点的距离,两者的差值就是"去交度分";常数中的"朔差"是一个朔望月中交点退行的距离;它以恒星年而不以回归年入算以及用太阳的去交分代替月亮的去交分都是其去交度分算法的不足之处。《明天历》的食甚时刻仅是对经朔时刻加入日月不均匀运动有关的修正,没有进行时差的修正。其他算法与主流算法基本相同。结论《明天历》的日食算法在宋代是比较特殊的,这些特殊之处大部分是正确的、合理的,但某些算法中仍存在不足。     

Variation properties of ionospheric eclipse factor and ionospheric influence factor

The concepts and calculation methods of ionospheric eclipse factor (IEF) and ionospheric influence factor (IFF) are further illustrated. The temporal an d spacial variation properties of IEF and IFF are studied, which shows that the properties are influenced by the geographic position and season. The possibility of improving the precision of using GPS data to determine ionospheric delay bas ed on the above variation properties is also analysed.     

天象三球仪结构尺寸优化探讨

本文探讨了在天象三球仪研制中,运用计算机优化,并针对此问题,对约束优化的复合形法作了两步新尝试,较好地解决了初始可行点的确定问题,改造了迭代方法,从而使收敛速度明显加快。此外,提出了据优化结果进行二次优化的方法,使最终结果,既满足设计目标,又方便制造。     

明代日食记录研究

通过全面复算,本文对明代日食记录的各种特怀进行了分析和讨论,这些记录包括百余条正史记录和近７００条地方性记录,大量的地方性实测日食记录是从明代后期开始的,这两类记录在来源、载体、可靠性、错误原因以及其它方面都有大不相同的规律。     

Coronal structure and brightness profile of the total solar eclipse on August 1, 2008

Solar corona is the outermost part of the solar atmosphere. Coronal activities influence space environment between the Sun and the Earth, space weather and the Earth itself. The total solar eclipse （TSE） is the best opportunity to observe the solar corona on ground. During the TSE 2008, a series of images of the corona and partial eclipse of solar disk were obtained using telescope and CCD camera. After image processing, preliminary results of coronal structure are given, and radial brightness profiles of the corona in directions of pole and equator of the Sun are measured. Though in solar activity minimum, the shape and structure of the corona are not symmetry. The equatorial regions are more extent than the polar one, and there are also larger differences between the east and west equatorial regions and between the south and north polar regions. Coronal streamers on east side of the equator, particularly the largest one in east-south direction, are very obvious. The coronal plume in south polar region consists of more polar rays than that in north polar region. These structures are also shown in other observations and data of SOHO. The radial brightness profiles in directions of pole and equator are similar to those of the Van de Hulst model in solar minimum, but there are a few differences due to coronal activity, which is shown in the isophote map of the corona.     

日全食——日冕的观测研究

日全食是观测日冕的最佳机会。壮观的日冕显示复杂的形态结构和活动现象。日冕发射很强的紫外线和X射线,高温物质不断外流而形成“太阳风”,还常发生强烈的“日冕物质抛射事件”。日冕活动严重地影响空间环境和太空天气,因此日冕的观测研究成为对航天和地球有意义的热门领域。