一种新型还原剂处理含铬废水

采用一种来源广、价廉的新型还原剂处理含Cr^6 的工业废水,考察了废水pH值、处理剂用量、反应时间和反应温度对上除率的影响。并对反应机理进行了探讨。试验结果表明：在pH=1．0，反应温度为98℃的条件下，含Cr^6 废水经处理后，Cr^6 的占除率达到98％以上，可以回收较纯净的Cr(OH)3，生产费用低。     

双波长标准加入法同时测定铬和钒

应用双波长标准加入法，以５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ为显色剂，同时测定了铬和钒。选择钒等吸收点波长５９３ｎｍ、６１７ｎｍ为测定波长。钒含量回归方程为Ｃ＝０．１２４４＋４０．４１Ａ．相关系数Ｒ＝０．９９９９。将此法用于合成样品分析，结果满意。     

基于直流电压降法的传热管疲劳裂纹扩展速率测量

介绍了基于直流电压降法测量蒸汽发生器传热管690合金轴向疲劳裂纹扩展速率的销加载拉伸方法。该方法与其他方法相比较,可以直接采用原始管状材料,在线连续测量管状试样在不同应力强度因子下的疲劳裂纹扩展。通过对标准紧凑拉伸试样的类比分析,建立传热管试样的销加载拉伸模型,并对该模型进行电学和力学有限元模拟分析,确定直流电压降数据采集方法。验证试验采用核电蒸汽发生器用690合金传热管,分别研究了室温和高温325℃空气中载荷和温度对材料疲劳裂纹扩展速率的影响,试验结果采用Paris-Erdogan公式进行拟合,吻合度较好。扫描电镜下观察端口形貌,疲劳裂纹的扩展为穿晶形式,在穿晶断口上观察到明显的疲劳辉纹和微塑性区。     

Influence of chromium on the initial corrosion behavior of low alloy steels in the CO2-O2-H2S-SO2 wet-dry corrosion environment of cargo oil tankers

The influence of Cr on the initial corrosion behavior of low-alloy steels exposed to a CO2–O2–H2S–SO2wet–dry corrosion envi-ronment was investigated using weight-loss measurements, scanning electron microscopy, N2 adsorption tests, X-ray diffraction analysis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that the corrosion rate increases with increasing Cr content in samples subjected to corrosion for 21 d. However, the rust grain size decreases, its specific surface area increases, and it becomes more compact and denser with increasing Cr content, which indicates the enhanced protectivity of the rust. The results of charge transfer resistance (Rct) calculations indicate that higher Cr contents can accelerate the corrosion during the first 7 d and promote the formation of the enhanced protective inner rust after 14 d; the formed protective inner rust is responsible for the greater corrosion resistance during long-term exposure.     

微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定胶囊的铬

研究了以微波消解仪消解处理、石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计测定胶囊中铬含量的方法。结果表明加标回收率为93.4%~104.8%,检出限为0.0258μg/L。     

含铬铝泥制备超纯Al2O3粉体

为解决无钙焙烧生产铬产品时产生的含铬铝泥的污染问题，本文在去除铝泥中铬成分后，采用聚乙二醇（PEG）600和六偏磷酸钠（SHMP）为分散剂制备了高纯Al2O3粉体。结果表明，Al2O3，粉体中未检出Cr、Fe等成分，为高纯粉体。加入0．5％PEG600为分散剂时粉体的平均粒径较小，样品颗粒的团聚现象明显减少，颗粒间层叠...     

高铬型钒钛磁铁矿配量增加对氧化球团质量的影响

采取“细磨处理高铬型钒钛磁铁矿”和“以粒度较细的廉价欧控矿代替现场生产用矿”两种优化措施，考察了高铬型钒钛磁铁矿配量增加对氧化球团质量的影响，探索了高铬型钒钛矿在球团原料中配量增加的可行性.结果表明:“细磨处理高铬型钒钛磁铁矿”和“以粒度较细的廉价欧控矿代替现场生产用矿”，当高铬型钒钛矿配量40%时，抗压强度分别为2475N·个-1和2005N·个-1，膨胀率为192%和16%，皆满足高炉生产要求，可实现该矿在原料中配量增加，能达到高铬型钒钛矿预期90万t/年的处理目标.     

铁路货车轴承滚子裂纹的研究

研究了１９７７２６型铁路货车轴承滚子裂纹成因和消除裂纹的措施．通过对滚子生产的最后一道工序———磁粉探伤后有磁痕显示的滚子进行随机取样，得出了滚子中各种裂纹的分布规律．利用金相和电镜等手段，并结合生产实际，对各种裂纹的成因作了分析，研究表明，滚子裂纹中既有原材料裂纹，也有制造过程裂纹（冷镦、热处理、磨削裂纹）．其中原材料裂纹是主要的     

Influence of nanometric CeO_2 coating on high temperature oxidation of Cr

Isothermal and cyclic oxidation behavior of chromium and its superficially applied nanometric CeO2 samples were studied at 900℃in air. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) and high resolution electronic microscopy (HREM) were used to examine the morphology and micro-structure of oxide films. It was found that ceria addition greatly improved the anti-oxidation ability of Cr both in isothermal and cyclic oxidizing experiments. Acoustic emission (AE) technique was used in situ to monitor the cracking and spalling of oxide films, and AE signals were analyzed in time-domain and number-domain according to the related oxide fracture model. Laser Raman spectrometer was also used to study the stress status of oxide films formed on Cr with and without ceria. The main reason for the improvement in anti-oxidation of chromium was that ceria greatly reduced the growing speed and grain size of Cr2O3. This fine-grained Cr2O3 oxide film might have better high temperature plasticity and could relieve parts of compressive stress by means of creeping, and maintained the ridge character and relatively low internal stress level. Meanwhile, ceria application reduced the size and the number of interfacial defects, while remarkably enhanced the adhesive property of Cr2O3 oxide scale formed on Cr substrate.     

对含铬(Ⅲ)电解污泥处理的研究

用碳粉与含铬(Ⅲ)电解废水中的污泥混合,在高温条件下煅烧,可除去电解污泥中的三价铬.